{"abbreviation":"12DGR120tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr120_p --> 12dgr120_c","officialName":"1,2 diacylglycerol transport via flipping (periplasm to cytoplasm, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"12DGR140tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr140_p --> 12dgr140_c","officialName":"1,2 diacylglycerol transport via flipping (periplasm to cytoplasm, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"12DGR141tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr141_p --> 12dgr141_c","officialName":"1,2 diacylglycerol transport via flipping (periplasm to cytoplasm, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"12DGR160tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr160_p --> 12dgr160_c","officialName":"1,2 diacylglycerol transport via flipping (periplasm to cytoplasm, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"12DGR161tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr161_p --> 12dgr161_c","officialName":"1,2 diacylglycerol transport via flipping (periplasm to cytoplasm, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"12DGR180tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr180_p --> 12dgr180_c","officialName":"1,2 diacylglycerol transport via flipping (periplasm to cytoplasm, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"12DGR181tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr181_p --> 12dgr181_c","officialName":"1,2 diacylglycerol transport via flipping (periplasm to cytoplasm, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"12PPDRtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12ppd__R_e <==> 12ppd__R_p","officialName":"(R)-Propane-1,2-diol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"12PPDRtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12ppd__R_p <==> 12ppd__R_c","officialName":"(R)-Propane-1,2-diol facilitated transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"12PPDStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12ppd__S_e <==> 12ppd__S_p","officialName":"(S)-Propane-1,2-diol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"12PPDStpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12ppd__S_p <==> 12ppd__S_c","officialName":"(S)-Propane-1,2-diol facilitated transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"14GLUCANabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"14glucan_p + atp_c + h2o_c --> 14glucan_c + adp_c + h_c + pi_c","officialName":"1,4-alpha-D-glucan transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4034 and b4033 and b4032 and b4035","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"14GLUCANtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"14glucan_e --> 14glucan_p","officialName":"1,4-alpha-D-glucan transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm) irreversible","geneAssociation":"b4036","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"23CAMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23camp_e <==> 23camp_p","officialName":"23cAMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"23CCMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23ccmp_e <==> 23ccmp_p","officialName":"23cCMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"23CGMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23cgmp_e <==> 23cgmp_p","officialName":"23cGMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"23CUMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23cump_e <==> 23cump_p","officialName":"23cUMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"23DAPPAt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23dappa_p + h_p --> h_c + 23dappa_c","officialName":"2,3-diaminopropionate transport in via proton symport","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"23DAPPAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23dappa_e <==> 23dappa_p","officialName":"2,3-diaminopropionate transport via diffusion","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"23PDE2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23cump_p + h2o_p --> h_p + 3ump_p","officialName":"2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (UMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4213","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"23PDE4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23ccmp_p + h2o_p --> h_p + 3cmp_p","officialName":"2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4213","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"23PDE7pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23camp_p + h2o_p --> h_p + 3amp_p","officialName":"2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (AMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4213","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"23PDE9pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23cgmp_p + h2o_p --> h_p + 3gmp_p","officialName":"2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (GMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4213","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"26DAHtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"26dap__M_e <==> 26dap__M_p","officialName":"Meso-2,6-Diaminoheptanedioate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPA120tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2ddecg3p_p --> 2ddecg3p_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidate (n-C12:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPA140tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2tdecg3p_p --> 2tdecg3p_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidate (n-C14:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPA141tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2tdec7eg3p_p --> 2tdec7eg3p_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidate (n-C14:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPA160tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2hdecg3p_p --> 2hdecg3p_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidate (n-C16:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPA161tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2hdec9eg3p_p --> 2hdec9eg3p_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidate (n-C16:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPA180tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2odecg3p_p --> 2odecg3p_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidate (n-C18:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPA181tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2odec11eg3p_p --> 2odec11eg3p_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidate (n-C18:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPE120tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe120_p --> 2agpe120_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (n-C12:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPE140tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe140_p --> 2agpe140_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (n-C14:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPE141tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe141_p --> 2agpe141_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (n-C14:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPE160tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe160_p --> 2agpe160_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (n-C16:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPE161tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe161_p --> 2agpe161_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (n-C16:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPE180tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe180_p --> 2agpe180_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (n-C18:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPE181tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe181_p --> 2agpe181_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (n-C18:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPEAT120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2agpe120_c + ddca_c --> amp_c + pe120_c + ppi_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-ethanolamine acyltransferase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPEAT140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2agpe140_c + ttdca_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pe140_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-ethanolamine acyltransferase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPEAT141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2agpe141_c + ttdcea_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pe141_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-ethanolamine acyltransferase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPEAT160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2agpe160_c + hdca_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pe160_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-ethanolamine acyltransferase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPEAT161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2agpe161_c + hdcea_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pe161_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-ethanolamine acyltransferase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPEAT180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2agpe180_c + ocdca_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pe180_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-ethanolamine acyltransferase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPEAT181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2agpe181_c + ocdcea_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pe181_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-ethanolamine acyltransferase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPG120tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg120_p --> 2agpg120_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (n-C12:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPG140tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg140_p --> 2agpg140_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (n-C14:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPG141tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg141_p --> 2agpg141_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (n-C14:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPG160tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg160_p --> 2agpg160_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (n-C16:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPG161tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg161_p --> 2agpg161_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (n-C16:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPG180tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg180_p --> 2agpg180_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (n-C18:0) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPG181tipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg181_p --> 2agpg181_c","officialName":"2-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (n-C18:1) transporter via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2835","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPGAT120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ddca_c + 2agpg120_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pg120_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-glycerol acyltransferase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPGAT140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ttdca_c + 2agpg140_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pg140_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-glycerol acyltransferase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPGAT141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ttdcea_c + 2agpg141_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pg141_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-glycerol acyltransferase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPGAT160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + hdca_c + 2agpg160_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pg160_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-glycerol acyltransferase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPGAT161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + hdcea_c + 2agpg161_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pg161_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-glycerol acyltransferase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPGAT180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ocdca_c + 2agpg180_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pg180_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-glycerol acyltransferase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2AGPGAT181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ocdcea_c + 2agpg181_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + pg181_c","officialName":"2-acyl-glycerophospho-glycerol acyltransferase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2DGULRGx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 2dhguln_c + nadh_c --> glcn_c + nad_c","officialName":"2-Dehydro-L-gulonate reductase to gluconate (NADH)","geneAssociation":"b3553","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2DGULRGy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 2dhguln_c + nadph_c --> glcn_c + nadp_c","officialName":"2-Dehydro-L-gulonate reductase to gluconate (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"b3553","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2DGULRx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 2dhguln_c + nadh_c --> nad_c + idon__L_c","officialName":"2-dehydro-L-gulonate reductase (NADH)","geneAssociation":"b3553","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2DGULRy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 2dhguln_c + nadph_c --> nadp_c + idon__L_c","officialName":"2-dehydro-L-gulonate reductase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"b3553","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"2MAHMP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2mahmp_c --> h_c + pi_c + 4ampm_c","officialName":"2-Methyl-4-amino-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0446 or b1134","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"34dhpactex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"34dhpac_e <==> 34dhpac_p","officialName":"Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"3AMACHYD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + 3amac_c --> msa_c + nh4_c","officialName":"3-aminoacrylate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b1009","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"3AMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3amp_e <==> 3amp_p","officialName":"3AMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"3CMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3cmp_e <==> 3cmp_p","officialName":"3CMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"3GMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3gmp_e <==> 3gmp_p","officialName":"3GMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0929 or b1377 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD100","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hdecACP_c --> h2o_c + tdec2eACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C10:0)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hddecACP_c --> h2o_c + tddec2eACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b0180 or b0954","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD121","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hcddec5eACP_c --> h2o_c + t3c5ddeceACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C12:1)","geneAssociation":"b0180 or b0954","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hmrsACP_c --> h2o_c + tmrs2eACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hcmrs7eACP_c --> h2o_c + t3c7mrseACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hpalmACP_c --> h2o_c + tpalm2eACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hcpalm9eACP_c --> h2o_c + t3c9palmeACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b0180 or b0954","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hoctaACP_c --> h2o_c + toctd2eACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hcvac11eACP_c --> h2o_c + t3c11vaceACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD40","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3haACP_c --> h2o_c + but2eACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C4:0)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD60","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hhexACP_c --> h2o_c + thex2eACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C6:0)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HAD80","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hoctACP_c --> h2o_c + toct2eACP_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (n-C8:0)","geneAssociation":"b0954 or b0180","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3HCINNMH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 3hcinnm_c + o2_c --> h2o_c + nad_c + dhcinnm_c","officialName":"3-hydroxycinnamate hydroxylase","geneAssociation":"b0347","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"3HPPPNH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + o2_c + 3hpppn_c --> h2o_c + nad_c + dhpppn_c","officialName":"3-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate hydroxylase","geneAssociation":"b0347","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"3HPPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hpp_e <==> 3hpp_p","officialName":"3-hydroxypropionate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b0929 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"3HPPtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 3hpp_c --> h_p + 3hpp_p","officialName":"3-hydroxypropionate transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"3KGK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 3dhguln_c --> adp_c + h_c + 3dhgulnp_c","officialName":"3-keto-L-gulonate kinase","geneAssociation":"b3580","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"3NTD2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3ump_p + h2o_p --> pi_p + uri_p","officialName":"3'-nucleotidase (UMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4213","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"3NTD4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 3cmp_p --> pi_p + cytd_p","officialName":"3'-nucleotidase (CMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4213","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"3NTD7pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 3amp_p --> pi_p + adn_p","officialName":"3'-nucleotidase (AMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4213","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"3NTD9pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 3gmp_p --> pi_p + gsn_p","officialName":"3'-nucleotidase (GMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4213","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR100","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3odecACP_c <==> nadp_c + 3hdecACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C10:0)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR120","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3oddecACP_c <==> nadp_c + 3hddecACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR121","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3ocddec5eACP_c --> nadp_c + 3hcddec5eACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C12:1)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR140","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3omrsACP_c <==> nadp_c + 3hmrsACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3ocmrs7eACP_c --> nadp_c + 3hcmrs7eACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR160","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3opalmACP_c <==> nadp_c + 3hpalmACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3ocpalm9eACP_c --> nadp_c + 3hcpalm9eACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR180","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3ooctdACP_c <==> nadp_c + 3hoctaACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3ocvac11eACP_c --> nadp_c + 3hcvac11eACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR40","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + actACP_c <==> nadp_c + 3haACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C4:0)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR60","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3ohexACP_c <==> nadp_c + 3hhexACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C6:0)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAR80","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3ooctACP_c <==> nadp_c + 3hoctACP_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (n-C8:0)","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS100","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + ocACP_c --> 3odecACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C10:0)","geneAssociation":"b2323 or b1095","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + dcaACP_c --> 3oddecACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1095 or b2323","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS121","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + cdec3eACP_c --> 3ocddec5eACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C12:1)","geneAssociation":"b2323","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + ddcaACP_c --> 3omrsACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b2323 or b1095","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + cddec5eACP_c --> 3ocmrs7eACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b2323","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + myrsACP_c --> 3opalmACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b2323 or b1095","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + tdeACP_c --> 3ocpalm9eACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b2323","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + palmACP_c --> 3ooctdACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1095 or b2323","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + hdeACP_c --> 3ocvac11eACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1095","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS60","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + butACP_c --> 3ohexACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C6:0)","geneAssociation":"b1095 or b2323","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OAS80","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + hexACP_c --> 3ooctACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase (n-C8:0)","geneAssociation":"b2323 or b1095","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"3OXCOAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"coa_c + oxadpcoa_c --> accoa_c + succoa_c","officialName":"3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase","geneAssociation":"b1397","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"3PEPTabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + LalaDgluMdap_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + LalaDgluMdap_c","officialName":"Tripeptide (LalaDgluMdap) transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1329 and b1244 and b1245 and b1246 and b1247","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"3PEPTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"LalaDgluMdap_e <==> LalaDgluMdap_p","officialName":"LalaDgluMdap (tripeptide) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"3UMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3ump_e <==> 3ump_p","officialName":"3UMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"42A12BOOXpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + dopa_p + o2_p --> 34dhpac_p + h2o2_p + nh4_p","officialName":"4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol:oxygen oxidoreductase(deaminating)(flavin-containing)","geneAssociation":"b1386","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"4HOXPACDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4hoxpacd_e <==> 4hoxpacd_p","officialName":"4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"4HTHRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + phthr_c --> pi_c + 4hthr_c","officialName":"4-Hydroxy-L-threonine synthase","geneAssociation":"b0004","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"4PCP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + LalaDgluMdapDala_c --> LalaDgluMdap_c + ala__D_c","officialName":"Tetrapeptide L,D-carboxypeptidase","geneAssociation":"b1192","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"4PCPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + LalaDgluMdapDala_p --> LalaDgluMdap_p + ala__D_p","officialName":"Tetrapeptide L,D-carboxypeptidase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"4PEPTabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + LalaDgluMdapDala_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + LalaDgluMdapDala_c","officialName":"Tetrapeptide (LalaDgluMdapDala) transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1243 and b1244 and b1245 and b1246 and b1247","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"4PEPTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"LalaDgluMdapDala_e <==> LalaDgluMdapDala_p","officialName":"LalaDgluMdapDala (pentapeptide) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"5DGLCNR","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 5dglcn_c <==> glcn_c + nadp_c","officialName":"5-dehydro-D-gluconate reductase","geneAssociation":"b4266","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"5DGLCNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + 5dglcn_p <==> h_c + 5dglcn_c","officialName":"5-Dehydro-D-gluconate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4265","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"5DGLCNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"5dglcn_e <==> 5dglcn_p","officialName":"5-Dehydro-D-gluconate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b2215 or b1377","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"5DOAN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dad_5_c --> 5drib_c + ade_c","officialName":"5'-deoxyadenosine nuclosidase","geneAssociation":"b0159","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"5MTRtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"5mtr_e <==> 5mtr_p","officialName":"5-Methylthio-D-ribose transport via proton diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b0929 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"5MTRtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 5mtr_c --> h_p + 5mtr_p","officialName":"5-Methylthio-D-ribose transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"A5PISO","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ru5p__D_c <==> ara5p_c","officialName":"Arabinose-5-phosphate isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3197 or b2708","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ttdca_c + ACP_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + myrsACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ttdcea_c + ACP_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + tdeACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase  (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + hdca_c + ACP_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + palmACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase  (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + hdcea_c + ACP_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + hdeACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase  (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ocdcea_c + ACP_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + octeACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase  (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS6","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ocdca_c + ACP_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + ocdcaACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase  (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS7","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ddca_c + ACP_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + ddcaACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase  (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS8","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ACP_c + dca_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + dcaACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase  (n-C10:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACPS9","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ACP_c + octa_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + ocACP_c","officialName":"Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthetase  (n-C8:0)","geneAssociation":"b2836 and b1094","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AACTOOR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + o2_c + aact_c --> nh4_c + h2o2_c + mthgxl_c","officialName":"Aminoacetone:oxygen oxidoreductase(deaminating)(flavin-containing)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AADDGT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dtdp4aaddg_c + unagamu_c --> h_c + dtdp_c + unagamuf_c","officialName":"DTDP-N-4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose transferase","geneAssociation":"b4481","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AAMYL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"14glucan_c --> malthx_c","officialName":"Alpha-amylase","geneAssociation":"b1927","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AAMYLpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"14glucan_p --> malthx_p","officialName":"Alpha-amylase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3571","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AB6PGH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + arbt6p_c --> g6p_c + hqn_c","officialName":"Arbutin 6-phosphate glucohydrolase","geneAssociation":"b2901","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ABTA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4abut_c + akg_c --> glu__L_c + sucsal_c","officialName":"4-aminobutyrate transaminase","geneAssociation":"b2662 or b1302","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ABUTD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + 4abutn_c --> (2) h_c + nadh_c + 4abut_c","officialName":"Aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1444","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ABUTt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + 4abut_p --> h_c + 4abut_c","officialName":"4-aminobutyrate transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2663","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ABUTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4abut_e <==> 4abut_p","officialName":"4-aminobutyrate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACCT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + acac_c --> aacoa_c + ac_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA:acetoacetyl-CoA transferase","geneAssociation":"b2221 and b2222","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACT1r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) accoa_c <==> coa_c + aacoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2224 or b2342 or b3845","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACT2r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + btcoa_c <==> coa_c + 3ohcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (butanoyl-CoA) (r)","geneAssociation":"b2342 or b3845","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACT3r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + hxcoa_c <==> coa_c + 3oocoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (hexanoyl-CoA) (r)","geneAssociation":"b2342 or b3845","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACT4r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + occoa_c <==> coa_c + 3odcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (octanoyl-CoA) (r)","geneAssociation":"b2342 or b3845","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACT5r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + dcacoa_c <==> coa_c + 3oddcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (decanoyl-CoA) (r)","geneAssociation":"b2342 or b3845","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACT6r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + ddcacoa_c <==> coa_c + 3otdcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (dodecanoyl-CoA) (r)","geneAssociation":"b2342 or b3845","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACT7r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + tdcoa_c <==> coa_c + 3ohdcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (tetradecanoyl-CoA) (r)","geneAssociation":"b2342 or b3845","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACT8r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"coa_c + 3ohodcoa_c <==> accoa_c + pmtcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA acyltransferase (hexadecanoyl-CoA), (r)","geneAssociation":"b2342 or b3845","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACt2pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + acac_p <==> h_c + acac_c","officialName":"Acetoacetate transport via proton symport  (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2223","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACACtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acac_e <==> acac_p","officialName":"Acetoacetate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACALD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + coa_c + acald_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + accoa_c","officialName":"Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating)","geneAssociation":"b0351 or b1241","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACALDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acald_e <==> acald_p","officialName":"Acetaldehyde transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACALDtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acald_p <==> acald_c","officialName":"Acetaldehyde reversible transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACANTHAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + anth_c --> coa_c + acanth_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA:anthranilate acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1463","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACBIPGT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + adocbip_c + gtp_c --> ppi_c + agdpcbi_c","officialName":"Adenosyl cobinamide phosphate guanyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1993","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ACCOAC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + accoa_c + hco3_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + malcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA carboxylase","geneAssociation":"b0185 and b2316 and b3255 and b3256","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACCOAL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + coa_c + ppa_c --> adp_c + pi_c + ppcoa_c","officialName":"Acetate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming)","geneAssociation":"b4069","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGAL1PPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + acgal1p_p --> pi_p + acgal_p","officialName":"N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 1-phosphatase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGAL1Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acgal1p_e <==> acgal1p_p","officialName":"N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 1-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGALtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acgal_e <==> acgal_p","officialName":"N-acetyl-D-galactosamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGAM1PPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + acgam1p_p --> pi_p + acgam_p","officialName":"N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphatase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGAM1Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acgam1p_e <==> acgam1p_p","officialName":"N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGAMK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + acgam_c --> adp_c + h_c + acgam6p_c","officialName":"N-acetylglucosamine kinase","geneAssociation":"b1119","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGAMT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uacgam_c + udcpp_c --> ump_c + unaga_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:undecaprenylphosphate N-acetylglucosamine -1-phosphate transferase","geneAssociation":"b3784","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGAptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acgam_p + pep_c --> acgam6p_c + pyr_c","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine transport via PEP:Pyr PTS  (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b2417 and b1101 and b2415 and b2416) or (b0679 and b2415 and b2416)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acgam_e <==> acgam_p","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + acglu_c --> adp_c + acg5p_c","officialName":"Acetylglutamate kinase","geneAssociation":"b3959","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACGS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + glu__L_c --> h_c + coa_c + acglu_c","officialName":"N-acetylglutamate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2818","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACHBS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pyr_c + 2obut_c --> co2_c + 2ahbut_c","officialName":"2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate synthase","geneAssociation":"(b3670 and b3671) or (b0077 and b0078)","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACKr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ac_c <==> adp_c + actp_c","officialName":"Acetate kinase","geneAssociation":"b3115 or b2296 or b1849","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACLS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + (2) pyr_c --> co2_c + alac__S_c","officialName":"Acetolactate synthase","geneAssociation":"(b3670 and b3671) or (b0077 and b0078)","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACM6PH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + acmum6p_c --> acgam6p_c + lac__D_c","officialName":"N-acetylmuramate 6-phosphate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b2428","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACMAMUT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"unaga_c + uacmamu_c --> h_c + unagamu_c + udp_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosaminuronic acid transferase","geneAssociation":"b3794","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ACMANAptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + acmana_p --> pyr_c + acmanap_c","officialName":"N-acetyl-D-mannosamine transport via PTS  (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1817 and b1818 and b1819 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACMANAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acmana_e <==> acmana_p","officialName":"N-acetyl-D-mannosamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACMUMptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + acmum_p --> pyr_c + acmum6p_c","officialName":"N-acetylmuramate transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2417 and b2429 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACMUMtex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acmum_e --> acmum_p","officialName":"N-acetylmuramate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACNAMt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + acnam_p --> h_c + acnam_c","officialName":"N-acetylneuraminate proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3224","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACNAMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acnam_e <==> acnam_p","officialName":"N-acetylneuraminate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4311 or b0929 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACNML","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acnam_c --> pyr_c + acmana_c","officialName":"N-Acetylneuraminate lyase","geneAssociation":"b3225","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOAD1f","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"btcoa_c + fad_c <==> b2coa_c + fadh2_c","officialName":"Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (butanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b0221","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOAD2f","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hxcoa_c + fad_c <==> fadh2_c + hx2coa_c","officialName":"Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (hexanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b0221","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOAD3f","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"occoa_c + fad_c <==> fadh2_c + oc2coa_c","officialName":"Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (octanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b0221","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOAD4f","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dcacoa_c + fad_c <==> fadh2_c + dc2coa_c","officialName":"Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (decanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b0221","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOAD5f","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ddcacoa_c + fad_c <==> fadh2_c + dd2coa_c","officialName":"Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (dodecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b0221","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOAD6f","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tdcoa_c + fad_c <==> fadh2_c + td2coa_c","officialName":"Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (tetradecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b0221","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOAD7f","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pmtcoa_c + fad_c <==> fadh2_c + hdd2coa_c","officialName":"Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (hexadecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b0221","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOAD8f","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fad_c + stcoa_c <==> fadh2_c + od2coa_c","officialName":"Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (octadecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b0221","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOATA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ACP_c + accoa_c <==> coa_c + acACP_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA ACP transacylase","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1091","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACODA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + acorn_c --> ac_c + orn_c","officialName":"Acetylornithine deacetylase","geneAssociation":"b3957","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOLIPAabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + acolipa_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + acolipa_e","officialName":"Arabinose modified core oligosaccharide lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ACONIs","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acon_T_c <==> acon_C_c","officialName":"Aconitate isomerase (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"ACONMT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acon_T_c + amet_c --> aconm_c + ahcys_c","officialName":"Trans-aconitate methyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1519","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"ACONTa","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cit_c <==> h2o_c + acon_C_c","officialName":"Aconitase (half-reaction A, Citrate hydro-lyase)","geneAssociation":"b0118 or b1276","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"ACONTb","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + acon_C_c <==> icit_c","officialName":"Aconitase (half-reaction B, Isocitrate hydro-lyase)","geneAssociation":"b0118 or b1276","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"ACOTA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + acorn_c <==> glu__L_c + acg5sa_c","officialName":"Acetylornithine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b1748 or b3359","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACPPAT120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pi_c + ddcaACP_c --> ACP_c + ddcap_c","officialName":"Acyl-(acyl carrier protein):phosphate acyltransferase (C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1090","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACPPAT140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pi_c + myrsACP_c --> ACP_c + ttdcap_c","officialName":"Acyl-(acyl carrier protein):phosphate acyltransferase (C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1090","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACPPAT141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pi_c + tdeACP_c --> ACP_c + ttdceap_c","officialName":"Acyl-(acyl carrier protein):phosphate acyltransferase (C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1090","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACPPAT160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pi_c + palmACP_c --> ACP_c + hdcap_c","officialName":"Acyl-(acyl carrier protein):phosphate acyltransferase (C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1090","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACPPAT161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pi_c + hdeACP_c --> ACP_c + hdceap_c","officialName":"Acyl-(acyl carrier protein):phosphate acyltransferase (C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1090","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACPPAT180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pi_c + ocdcaACP_c --> ACP_c + ocdcap_c","officialName":"Acyl-(acyl carrier protein):phosphate acyltransferase (C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1090","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACPPAT181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pi_c + octeACP_c --> ACP_c + ocdceap_c","officialName":"Acyl-(acyl carrier protein):phosphate acyltransferase (C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1090","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACPS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"coa_c + apoACP_c --> h_c + ACP_c + pap_c","officialName":"Acyl-carrier protein synthase","geneAssociation":"b3475 or b2563","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ACS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + coa_c + ac_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + accoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b4069","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ACSERtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acser_e <==> acser_p","officialName":"O-Acetyl-L-serine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ACSERtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acser_c --> acser_p","officialName":"O-Acetyl-L-serine export via facilitated transport","geneAssociation":"b2578 or b1533","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ac_p <==> h_c + ac_c","officialName":"Acetate reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ac_p + na1_p --> ac_c + na1_c","officialName":"Na+/Acetate symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4067","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ACtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ac_e <==> ac_p","officialName":"Acetate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ADA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + adn_c --> nh4_c + ins_c","officialName":"Adenosine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b1623","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADCL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4adcho_c --> h_c + pyr_c + 4abz_c","officialName":"4-aminobenzoate synthase","geneAssociation":"b1096","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ADCS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"chor_c + gln__L_c --> glu__L_c + 4adcho_c","officialName":"4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase","geneAssociation":"b3360 and b1812","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ADD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + ade_c --> nh4_c + hxan_c","officialName":"Adenine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b3665","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADEt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ade_p <==> h_c + ade_c","officialName":"Adenine transport via proton symport (reversible) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3654 or b3714","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ADEtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ade_e <==> ade_p","officialName":"Adenine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ADK1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + amp_c <==> (2) adp_c","officialName":"Adenylate kinase","geneAssociation":"b0474","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADK3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amp_c + gtp_c <==> adp_c + gdp_c","officialName":"Adentylate kinase (GTP)","geneAssociation":"b0474","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADK4","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amp_c + itp_c <==> adp_c + idp_c","officialName":"Adentylate kinase (ITP)","geneAssociation":"b0474","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADMDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + amet_c --> co2_c + ametam_c","officialName":"Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b0120","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ADNCYC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c --> ppi_c + camp_c","officialName":"Adenylate cyclase","geneAssociation":"b3806","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADNK1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + adn_c --> adp_c + h_c + amp_c","officialName":"Adenosine kinase","geneAssociation":"b0474","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADNUC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + adn_c --> ade_c + rib__D_c","officialName":"Adenosine hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0030","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ADNt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + adn_p --> h_c + adn_c","officialName":"Adenosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2964 or b2393","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ADNt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + adn_p <==> h_c + adn_c","officialName":"Adenosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2406","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ADNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adn_e <==> adn_p","officialName":"Adenosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0411","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ADOCBIK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + adocbi_c --> adp_c + h_c + adocbip_c","officialName":"Adenosyl cobinamide kinase","geneAssociation":"b1993","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ADOCBLS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"agdpcbi_c + rdmbzi_c --> h_c + adocbl_c + gmp_c","officialName":"Adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b1992","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ADOCBLabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + adocbl_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + adocbl_c","officialName":"Adenosylcobalamin transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1711 and b1709 and b0158","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ADOCBLtonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + adocbl_e --> h_c + adocbl_p","officialName":"Adenosylcobalimin transport via ton system (extermal)","geneAssociation":"b3966 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ADPRDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + adprib_c --> (2) h_c + amp_c + r5p_c","officialName":"ADPribose diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3397 or b3034","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADPT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ade_c + prpp_c --> amp_c + ppi_c","officialName":"Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0469","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ADSK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + aps_c --> adp_c + h_c + paps_c","officialName":"Adenylyl-sulfate kinase","geneAssociation":"b2750","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ADSL1r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dcamp_c <==> amp_c + fum_c","officialName":"Adenylsuccinate lyase","geneAssociation":"b1131","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ADSL2r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"25aics_c <==> fum_c + aicar_c","officialName":"Adenylosuccinate lyase","geneAssociation":"b1131","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ADSS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gtp_c + asp__L_c + imp_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + gdp_c + dcamp_c","officialName":"Adenylosuccinate synthase","geneAssociation":"b4177","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AGDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + acgam6p_c --> ac_c + gam6p_c","officialName":"N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase","geneAssociation":"b0677","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM3PA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhgm3p_c --> LalaDgluMdap_c + anhgm_c","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl-tripeptide amidase","geneAssociation":"b0110","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM3PApp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + anhgm3p_p --> LalaDgluMdap_p + anhgm_p","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl-tripeptide amidase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2435 or b2817 or b4169","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM3PH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhgm3p_c --> acgam_c + anhm3p_c","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl-tripeptide beta -1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase","geneAssociation":"b1107","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM3Pt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + anhgm3p_p --> h_c + anhgm3p_c","officialName":"GlcNAc-anhMurNAc tripeptide transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0433","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM4PA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhgm4p_c --> LalaDgluMdapDala_c + anhgm_c","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl-tetrapeptide amidase","geneAssociation":"b0110","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM4PApp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + anhgm4p_p --> LalaDgluMdapDala_p + anhgm_p","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl-tetrapeptide amidase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2435 or b2817 or b4169","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM4PCP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhgm4p_c --> ala__D_c + anhgm3p_c","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl-tetrapeptide L,D-carboxypeptidase","geneAssociation":"b1192","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM4PCPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + anhgm4p_p --> ala__D_p + anhgm3p_p","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl-tetrapeptide L,D-carboxypeptidase (periplasmic)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM4PH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhgm4p_c --> acgam_c + anhm4p_c","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl-tetrapeptide beta -1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase","geneAssociation":"b1107","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGM4Pt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + anhgm4p_p --> h_c + anhgm4p_c","officialName":"GlcNAc-anhMurNAc tetrapeptide transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0433","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGMH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhgm_c --> acgam_c + anhm_c","officialName":"N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(anhydrous)N-Acetylmuramyl beta -1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase","geneAssociation":"b1107","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGMHE","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adphep_DD_c --> adphep_LD_c","officialName":"ADP-D-glycero-D-manno-heptose epimerase","geneAssociation":"b3619","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGMT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + agm_c --> ptrc_c + urea_c","officialName":"Agmatinase","geneAssociation":"b2937","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGMt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + anhgm_p --> h_c + anhgm_c","officialName":"GlcNAc-anhMurNAc transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0433","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AGMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"agm_e <==> agm_p","officialName":"Agmatine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"AGPAT120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ddcaACP_c + 1ddecg3p_c --> ACP_c + pa120_c","officialName":"1-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b3018","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGPAT140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"myrsACP_c + 1tdecg3p_c --> ACP_c + pa140_c","officialName":"1-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b3018","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGPAT141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tdeACP_c + 1tdec7eg3p_c --> ACP_c + pa141_c","officialName":"1-tetradec-7-enoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b3018","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGPAT160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"palmACP_c + 1hdecg3p_c --> ACP_c + pa160_c","officialName":"1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b3018","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGPAT161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hdeACP_c + 1hdec9eg3p_c --> ACP_c + pa161_c","officialName":"1-hexadec-7-enoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3018","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGPAT180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ocdcaACP_c + 1odecg3p_c --> ACP_c + pa180_c","officialName":"1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b3018","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGPAT181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"octeACP_c + 1odec11eg3p_c --> ACP_c + pa181_c","officialName":"1-octadec-7-enoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b3018","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGPR","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + nadp_c + acg5sa_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + acg5p_c","officialName":"N-acetyl-g-glutamyl-phosphate reductase","geneAssociation":"b3958","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AGt3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ag_c + h_e --> h_c + ag_e","officialName":"Silver transport out via proton antiport","geneAssociation":"b0572 and b0573 and b0574 and b0575","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AHCYSNS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ahcys_c --> ade_c + rhcys_c","officialName":"S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase","geneAssociation":"b0159","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AICART","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"aicar_c + 10fthf_c <==> fprica_c + thf_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b4006","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AIRC2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + hco3_c + air_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + 5caiz_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase","geneAssociation":"b0522","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AIRC3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"5aizc_c <==> 5caiz_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase (mutase rxn)","geneAssociation":"b0523","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AKGDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + coa_c + akg_c --> nadh_c + co2_c + succoa_c","officialName":"2-Oxogluterate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0116 and b0726 and b0727","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"AKGt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + akg_p <==> h_c + akg_c","officialName":"2-oxoglutarate reversible transport via symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2587","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"AKGtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_e <==> akg_p","officialName":"Alpha-ketoglutarate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAALAD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + alaala_c --> (2) ala__D_c","officialName":"D-alanine-D-alanine dipeptidase","geneAssociation":"b1488","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAALAabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + alaala_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + alaala_c","officialName":"D-alanyl-D-alanine (DalaDala) transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b1487 and b1486 and b1485 and b1484 and b1483) or (b3544 and b3543 and b3542 and b3541 and b3540)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAALAr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + (2) ala__D_c <==> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + alaala_c","officialName":"D-alanine-D-alanine ligase (reversible)","geneAssociation":"b0381 or b0092","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAALAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"alaala_e <==> alaala_p","officialName":"D-alanyl-D-alanine (DalaDala) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAGLUE","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"LalaDglu_c <==> LalaLglu_c","officialName":"L-alanyl-gamma-glutamate epimerase","geneAssociation":"b1325","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAR","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ala__L_c <==> ala__D_c","officialName":"Alanine racemase","geneAssociation":"b1190 or b4053","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALATA_D2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ala__D_c + pydx5p_c --> pyr_c + pyam5p_c","officialName":"D-alanine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b2551 or b0870","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ALATA_L","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + ala__L_c <==> glu__L_c + pyr_c","officialName":"L-alanine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b2290 or b2379","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALATA_L2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ala__L_c + pydx5p_c --> pyr_c + pyam5p_c","officialName":"Alanine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b0870 or b2551","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ALATRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ala__L_c + trnaala_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + alatrna_c","officialName":"Alanyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b2697","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + ala__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ala__L_c","officialName":"L-alanine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3454 and b3455 and b3457 and b3460 and b3456","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ala__L_p --> h_c + ala__L_c","officialName":"L-alanine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4208","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ala__L_p <==> h_c + ala__L_c","officialName":"L-alanine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + ala__L_p --> na1_c + ala__L_c","officialName":"L-alanine transport in via sodium symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0007","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ALAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ala__L_e <==> ala__L_p","officialName":"L-alanine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ALCD19","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + glyald_c <==> nad_c + glyc_c","officialName":"Alcohol dehydrogenase (glycerol)","geneAssociation":"b0356","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALCD2x","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + etoh_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + acald_c","officialName":"Alcohol dehydrogenase (ethanol)","geneAssociation":"b1478 or b1241 or b0356","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALDD19xr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + pacald_c <==> (2) h_c + nadh_c + pac_c","officialName":"Aldehyde dehydrogenase (phenylacetaldehyde, NAD)","geneAssociation":"b1385","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALDD2x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + acald_c --> (2) h_c + nadh_c + ac_c","officialName":"Aldehyde dehydrogenase (acetaldehyde, NAD)","geneAssociation":"b1300","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALDD2y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nadp_c + acald_c --> (2) h_c + nadph_c + ac_c","officialName":"Aldehyde dehydrogenase (acetaldehyde, NADP)","geneAssociation":"b3588","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALDD3y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nadp_c + ppal_c --> (2) h_c + nadph_c + ppa_c","officialName":"Aldehyde dehydrogenase (propanal, NADP)","geneAssociation":"b3588","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALDD4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + btal_c --> (2) h_c + nadh_c + but_c","officialName":"Aldehyde dehydrogenase (butanal, NAD)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + all__D_c --> adp_c + h_c + all6p_c","officialName":"Allose kinase","geneAssociation":"b4084","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLPI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"all6p_c <==> allul6p_c","officialName":"Allose 6-phosphate isomerase","geneAssociation":"b4090","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLTAMH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h2o_c + (2) h_c + alltt_c --> (2) nh4_c + co2_c + urdglyc_c","officialName":"Allantoate amidohydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0516","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLTN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + alltn_c --> h_c + alltt_c","officialName":"Allantoinase","geneAssociation":"b0512","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLTNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + alltn_p <==> h_c + alltn_c","officialName":"Allantoin transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0511","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLTNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"alltn_e <==> alltn_p","officialName":"Allantoin transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLULPE","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"allul6p_c <==> f6p_c","officialName":"Allulose 6-phosphate epimerase","geneAssociation":"b4085","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + all__D_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + all__D_c","officialName":"D-allose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4087 and b4088 and b4086","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ALLtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"all__D_e <==> all__D_p","officialName":"Allose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ALPATE160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"alpp_p + pe160_p --> 2agpe160_p + lpp_p","officialName":"Apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase (phosphatidylethanolamine, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0657 and b1677","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"ALPATG160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"alpp_p + pg160_p --> 2agpg160_p + lpp_p","officialName":"Apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase (phosphatidylglycerol, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0657 and b1677","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"ALR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + mthgxl_c --> nadp_c + acetol_c","officialName":"Aldose reductase (methylglyoxal)","geneAssociation":"b3012 or b0207 or b1781 or b3001","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALR4x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + acetol_c --> 12ppd__R_c + nad_c","officialName":"Aldose reductase (acetol)","geneAssociation":"b3945","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ALTRH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"altrn_c --> h2o_c + 2ddglcn_c","officialName":"Altronate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b3091","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AM3PA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhm3p_c --> LalaDgluMdap_c + anhm_c","officialName":"Anhydrous-N-Acetylmuramyl-tripeptide amidase","geneAssociation":"b0110","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AM4PA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhm4p_c --> LalaDgluMdapDala_c + anhm_c","officialName":"Anhydrous-N-Acetylmuramyl-tetrapeptide amidase","geneAssociation":"b0110","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AM4PCP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + anhm4p_c --> ala__D_c + anhm3p_c","officialName":"Anhydrous-N-Acetylmuramyl-tetrapeptide L,D-carboxypeptidase","geneAssociation":"b1192","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"AMALT1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"malt_c + malttr_c --> glc__D_c + maltttr_c","officialName":"Amylomaltase (maltotriose)","geneAssociation":"b3416","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AMALT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"malt_c + maltttr_c --> glc__D_c + maltpt_c","officialName":"Amylomaltase (maltotetraose)","geneAssociation":"b3416","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AMALT3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"malt_c + maltpt_c --> malthx_c + glc__D_c","officialName":"Amylomaltase (maltopentaose)","geneAssociation":"b3416","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AMALT4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"malthx_c + malt_c --> glc__D_c + malthp_c","officialName":"Amylomaltase (maltohexaose)","geneAssociation":"b3416","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AMANAPEr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acmanap_c <==> acgam6p_c","officialName":"N-acetylmannosamine 6-phosphate epimerase","geneAssociation":"b3223","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AMANK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + acmana_c --> adp_c + h_c + acmanap_c","officialName":"N-acetyl-D-mannosamine kinase","geneAssociation":"b3222","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AMAOTr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amet_c + 8aonn_c <==> amob_c + dann_c","officialName":"Adenosylmethionine-8-amino-7-oxononanoate transaminase","geneAssociation":"b0774","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AMMQLT8","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amet_c + 2dmmql8_c --> h_c + ahcys_c + mql8_c","officialName":"S-adenosylmethione:2-demthylmenaquinole methyltransferase (menaquinone 8)","geneAssociation":"b3833","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AMPMS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + air_c --> (3) h_c + nadh_c + 4ampm_c + (2) for_c","officialName":"4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine synthetase","geneAssociation":"b3994","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AMPN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + amp_c --> ade_c + r5p_c","officialName":"AMP nucleosidase","geneAssociation":"b1982","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"AMPTASECG","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cgly_c --> cys__L_c + gly_c","officialName":"Alanyl aminopeptidase (cys-gly)","geneAssociation":"b0237 or b0932 or b4260 or b2523","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AMPTASEPG","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + progly_c --> gly_c + pro__L_c","officialName":"Aminopeptidase (pro-gly)","geneAssociation":"b4260 or b0237 or b2523 or b0932","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amp_e <==> amp_p","officialName":"AMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0929 or b1377 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ANHGMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"anhgm_e <==> anhgm_p","officialName":"GlcNAc-anhMurNAc transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ANHMK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + anhm_c --> adp_c + h_c + acmum6p_c","officialName":"1,6-anhydrous-N-Acetylmuramate kinase","geneAssociation":"b1640","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ANPRT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"anth_c + prpp_c --> ppi_c + pran_c","officialName":"Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1263","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ANS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"chor_c + gln__L_c --> h_c + glu__L_c + anth_c + pyr_c","officialName":"Anthranilate synthase","geneAssociation":"b1263 and b1264","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AOBUTDs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 2aobut_c --> co2_c + aact_c","officialName":"L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate decarboxylation (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AOXSr2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ala__L_c + pimACP_c --> ACP_c + co2_c + 8aonn_c","officialName":"8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0776","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"AP4AH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ap4a_c --> (2) adp_c + (2) h_c","officialName":"Ap4A hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0049","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"AP4AS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) atp_c + h_c --> ppi_c + ap4a_c","officialName":"Ap4A synthetase","geneAssociation":"b4129","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"AP5AH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ap5a_c --> adp_c + atp_c + (2) h_c","officialName":"Ap5A hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0049","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"APCS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ametam_c + 15dap_c --> h_c + 5mta_c + na15dap_c","officialName":"Aminopropylcadaverine synthase","geneAssociation":"b0121","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APG3PAT120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ddcap_c + glyc3p_c --> h_c + pi_c + 1ddecg3p_c","officialName":"Acyl-phosphate:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b3059","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APG3PAT140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ttdcap_c + glyc3p_c --> h_c + pi_c + 1tdecg3p_c","officialName":"Acyl-phosphate:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b3059","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APG3PAT141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ttdceap_c + glyc3p_c --> h_c + pi_c + 1tdec7eg3p_c","officialName":"Acyl-phosphate:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b3059","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APG3PAT160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hdcap_c + glyc3p_c --> h_c + pi_c + 1hdecg3p_c","officialName":"Acyl-phosphate:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b3059","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APG3PAT161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hdceap_c + glyc3p_c --> h_c + pi_c + 1hdec9eg3p_c","officialName":"Acyl-phosphate:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3059","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APG3PAT180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ocdcap_c + glyc3p_c --> h_c + pi_c + 1odecg3p_c","officialName":"Acyl-phosphate:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b3059","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APG3PAT181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ocdceap_c + glyc3p_c --> h_c + pi_c + 1odec11eg3p_c","officialName":"Acyl-phosphate:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b3059","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APH120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ddcap_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + ddca_c","officialName":"Acylphosphatase (C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b0968","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APH140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ttdcap_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + ttdca_c","officialName":"Acylphosphatase (C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b0968","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APH141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ttdceap_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + ttdcea_c","officialName":"Acylphosphatase (C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b0968","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APH160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + hdcap_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + hdca_c","officialName":"Acylphosphatase (C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b0968","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APH161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + hdceap_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + hdcea_c","officialName":"Acylphosphatase (C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b0968","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APH180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ocdcap_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + ocdca_c","officialName":"Acylphosphatase (C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b0968","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APH181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ocdceap_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + ocdcea_c","officialName":"Acylphosphatase (C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b0968","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APPLDHr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + aact_c <==> nad_c + appl_c","officialName":"Aminopropanol dehydrogenase reversible","geneAssociation":"b3945","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"APRAUR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 5apru_c --> nadp_c + 5aprbu_c","officialName":"5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribosylamino)uracil reductase","geneAssociation":"b0414","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ARAI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"arab__L_c <==> rbl__L_c","officialName":"L-arabinose isomerase","geneAssociation":"b0062","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTNR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) arbtn_fe3_c --> (2) h_c + fad_c + (2) arbtn_c + (2) fe2_c","officialName":"Aerobactin reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTNR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) arbtn_fe3_c + fmnh2_c --> (2) h_c + (2) arbtn_c + (2) fe2_c + fmn_c","officialName":"Aerobactin reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTNR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) arbtn_fe3_c + rbflvrd_c --> (2) h_c + (2) arbtn_c + (2) fe2_c + ribflv_c","officialName":"Aerobactin reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTNabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + arbtn_fe3_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + arbtn_fe3_c","officialName":"Aerobactin transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0153 and b0151 and b0152","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTNexs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"arbtn_e + fe3_e --> arbtn_fe3_e","officialName":"Aerobactin Fe-loading reaction (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTNtex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + arbtn_p --> h_c + arbtn_e","officialName":"Aerobactin secretion (to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTNtonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + arbtn_fe3_e --> h_c + arbtn_fe3_p","officialName":"Aerobactin transport via ton system (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTNtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + arbtn_c --> h_c + arbtn_p","officialName":"Aerobactin secretion (to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + arbt_p --> arbt6p_c + pyr_c","officialName":"Arbutin transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b3722 and b2415 and b2416) or (b2715 and b2415 and b2416)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBTtex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"arbt_e --> arbt_p","officialName":"Arbutin transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + arab__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + arab__L_c","officialName":"L-arabinose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1901 and b1900 and b4460","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + arab__L_p <==> h_c + arab__L_c","officialName":"L-arabinose transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2841","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBt3ipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + arab__L_c --> h_c + arab__L_p","officialName":"L-arabinose transport via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARBtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"arab__L_e <==> arab__L_p","officialName":"L-arabinose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGAGMt7pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"agm_c + arg__L_p <==> agm_p + arg__L_c","officialName":"Arginine/agmatine antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4115","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + arg__L_c --> co2_c + agm_c","officialName":"Arginine decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b4117","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGDCpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + arg__L_p --> agm_p + co2_p","officialName":"Arginine decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b2938","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGORNt7pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"orn_c + arg__L_p <==> arg__L_c + orn_p","officialName":"Arginine/ornithine antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1605","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGSL","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"argsuc_c <==> fum_c + arg__L_c","officialName":"Argininosuccinate lyase","geneAssociation":"b3960","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGSS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + asp__L_c + citr__L_c --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + argsuc_c","officialName":"Argininosuccinate synthase","geneAssociation":"b3172","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + arg__L_c + trnaarg_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + argtrna_c","officialName":"Arginyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b1876","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + arg__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + arg__L_c","officialName":"L-arginine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b2310 and b2307 and b2306 and b2308) or (b0863 and b0860 and b0861 and b0864 and b0862)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + arg__L_c --> h_c + arg__L_p","officialName":"L-arginine transport out via proton antiport (cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2923","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ARGtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"arg__L_e <==> arg__L_p","officialName":"L-arginine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ASAD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + nadp_c + aspsa_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + 4pasp_c","officialName":"Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b3433","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASCBPL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ascb6p_c --> h_c + 3dhgulnp_c","officialName":"L-ascorbate 6-phosphate lactonase","geneAssociation":"b4192","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASCBptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + ascb__L_p --> pyr_c + ascb6p_c","officialName":"L-ascorbate transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2415 and b2416 and b4195 and b4194 and b4193","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASCBtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ascb__L_e <==> ascb__L_p","officialName":"L-ascorbate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ASNN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + asn__L_c --> nh4_c + asp__L_c","officialName":"L-asparaginase","geneAssociation":"b1767 or b0828","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASNNpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + asn__L_p --> nh4_p + asp__L_p","officialName":"L-asparaginase","geneAssociation":"b2957","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASNS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gln__L_c + asp__L_c --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + glu__L_c + asn__L_c","officialName":"Asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)","geneAssociation":"b0674","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASNS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + nh4_c + asp__L_c --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + asn__L_c","officialName":"Asparagine synthetase","geneAssociation":"b3744","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASNTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + asn__L_c + trnaasn_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + asntrna_c","officialName":"Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0930","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"ASNabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + asn__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + asn__L_c","officialName":"L-asparagine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + asn__L_p <==> h_c + asn__L_c","officialName":"L-asparagine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1453","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"asn__L_e <==> asn__L_p","officialName":"L-asparagine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ASO3t8pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + aso3_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + aso3_p","officialName":"Arsenite efflux via ATP hydrolysis (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3502","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASO3tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"aso3_e <==> aso3_p","officialName":"Arsenite transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ASP1DC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + asp__L_c --> co2_c + ala_B_c","officialName":"Aspartate 1-decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b0131","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPCT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"asp__L_c + cbp_c --> h_c + pi_c + cbasp_c","officialName":"Aspartate carbamoyltransferase","geneAssociation":"(b4244 and b4245) or b4245","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPK","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + asp__L_c <==> adp_c + 4pasp_c","officialName":"Aspartate kinase","geneAssociation":"b0002 or b3940 or b4024","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPO3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"asp__L_c + q8_c --> h_c + iasp_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"L-aspartate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b2574","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPO4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"asp__L_c + mqn8_c --> h_c + mql8_c + iasp_c","officialName":"L-aspartate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b2574","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPO5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fum_c + asp__L_c --> h_c + iasp_c + succ_c","officialName":"L-aspartate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b2574","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPO6","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + asp__L_c --> h_c + h2o2_c + iasp_c","officialName":"L-aspartate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b2574","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"asp__L_c --> nh4_c + fum_c","officialName":"L-aspartase","geneAssociation":"b4139","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPTA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + asp__L_c <==> glu__L_c + oaa_c","officialName":"Aspartate transaminase","geneAssociation":"b0928","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + asp__L_c + trnaasp_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + asptrna_c","officialName":"Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b1866","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + asp__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + asp__L_c","officialName":"L-aspartate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0655 and b0654 and b0653 and b0652","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPt2_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + asp__L_p --> (2) h_c + asp__L_c","officialName":"Aspartate transport via proton symport (2 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPt2_3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_p + asp__L_p --> (3) h_c + asp__L_c","officialName":"L-asparate transport via proton symport (3 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4138 or b4123","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + asp__L_p --> h_c + asp__L_c","officialName":"L-aspartate transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4077","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + asp__L_p <==> h_c + asp__L_c","officialName":"L-aspartate transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ASPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"asp__L_e <==> asp__L_p","officialName":"L-aspartate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ASR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"aso4_c + (2) gthrd_c --> h2o_c + aso3_c + gthox_c","officialName":"Arsenate reductase","geneAssociation":"b3503 and b1064","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"AST","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succoa_c + arg__L_c --> h_c + coa_c + sucarg_c","officialName":"Arginine succinyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1747","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ATHRDHr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + athr__L_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + 2aobut_c","officialName":"L-allo-threonine dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1539","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ATPHs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + h_c --> nh4_c + itp_c","officialName":"ATP amine hydrolysis (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"ATPM","lowbnd":3.15,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c","officialName":"ATP maintenance requirement","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Biomass and maintenance functions"}
{"abbreviation":"ATPPRT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + prpp_c --> ppi_c + prbatp_c","officialName":"ATP phosphoribosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2019","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ATPS4rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adp_c + pi_c + (4) h_p <==> atp_c + h2o_c + (3) h_c","officialName":"ATP synthase (four protons for one ATP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"((b3736 and b3737 and b3738) and (b3731 and b3732 and b3733 and b3734 and b3735) and b3739) or ((b3736 and b3737 and b3738) and (b3731 and b3732 and b3733 and b3734 and b3735))","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"BALAt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ala_B_p --> h_c + ala_B_c","officialName":"Beta-alanine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4208","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"BALAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ala_B_e <==> ala_B_p","officialName":"Beta-alanine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"BETALDHx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + betald_c --> (2) h_c + nadh_c + glyb_c","officialName":"Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0312","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"BETALDHy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nadp_c + betald_c --> (2) h_c + nadph_c + glyb_c","officialName":"Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0312","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"BIOMASS_Ec_iJO1366_WT_53p95M","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(54.119975) atp_c + (48.752916) h2o_c + (0.012366) pe160_c + (0.009618) pe161_c + (0.004957) pe181_c + (0.005707) pg160_c + (0.004439) pg161_c + (0.002288) pg181_c + (0.001787) nad_c + (4.5e-05) nadh_c + (0.000112) nadp_c + (0.000335) nadph_c + (0.012379) nh4_c + (0.000279) accoa_c + (0.000168) coa_c + (9.8e-05) succoa_c + (0.255712) glu__L_c + (0.209121) gtp_c + (3.1e-05) malcoa_c + (0.000223) fad_c + (0.000223) amet_c + (0.000223) chor_c + (0.255712) gln__L_c + (0.000223) adocbl_c + (0.234232) asp__L_c + (0.03327) ptrc_c + (0.000223) 10fthf_c + (0.000223) thf_c + (0.499149) ala__L_c + (0.000223) pydx5p_c + (0.031798) pe160_p + (0.004892) pg160_p + (0.000223) 2dmmql8_c + (0.000223) mql8_c + (0.088988) cys__L_c + (0.595297) gly_c + (0.214798) pro__L_c + (0.006388) fe2_c + (0.000223) ribflv_c + (0.28742) arg__L_c + (0.234232) asn__L_c + (0.000223) q8h2_c + (0.000223) gthrd_c + (2.5e-05) 2fe2s_c + (0.000248) 4fe4s_c + (0.000223) 5mthf_c + (0.000116) bmocogdp_c + (2e-06) btn_c + (0.004952) ca2_c + (0.004952) cl_c + (0.002944) clpn160_p + (0.00229) clpn161_p + (0.00118) clpn181_p + (2.4e-05) cobalt2_c + (0.008151) colipa_e + (0.129799) ctp_c + (0.000674) cu2_c + (0.024805) datp_c + (0.025612) dctp_c + (0.025612) dgtp_c + (0.024805) dttp_c + (0.000223) enter_c + (0.007428) fe3_c + (0.154187) glycogen_c + (0.000223) hemeO_c + (0.092056) his__L_c + (0.282306) ile__L_c + (0.18569) k_c + (0.437778) leu__L_c + (3e-06) lipopb_c + (0.333448) lys__L_c + (0.149336) met__L_c + (0.008253) mg2_c + (0.000223) mlthf_c + (0.000658) mn2_c + (7e-06) mobd_c + (7e-06) mococdp_c + (7e-06) mocogdp_c + (0.001345) murein3p3p_p + (0.000605) murein3px4p_p + (0.005381) murein4p4p_p + (0.005448) murein4px4p_p + (0.000673) murein4px4px4p_p + (0.000307) ni2_c + (0.024732) pe161_p + (0.012747) pe181_p + (0.003805) pg161_p + (0.001961) pg181_p + (0.180021) phe__L_c + (0.000223) pheme_c + (0.209684) ser__L_c + (0.000223) sheme_c + (0.004126) so4_c + (0.006744) spmd_c + (0.000223) thmpp_c + (0.246506) thr__L_c + (0.055234) trp__L_c + (0.133993) tyr__L_c + (5.5e-05) udcpdp_c + (0.140101) utp_c + (0.411184) val__L_c + (0.000324) zn2_c --> (53.95) adp_c + (53.95) h_c + (53.945874) pi_c + (0.749831) ppi_c","officialName":"E. coli biomass objective function (iJO1366) - WT - with 53.95 GAM estimate","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Biomass and maintenance functions"}
{"abbreviation":"BIOMASS_Ec_iJO1366_core_53p95M","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":1,"equation":"(54.124831) atp_c + (48.601527) h2o_c + (0.017868) pe160_c + (0.054154) pe161_c + (0.001831) nad_c + (0.000447) nadp_c + (0.013013) nh4_c + (0.000576) coa_c + (0.26316) glu__L_c + (0.215096) gtp_c + (0.000223) fad_c + (0.000223) amet_c + (0.26316) gln__L_c + (0.241055) asp__L_c + (0.000223) 10fthf_c + (0.000223) thf_c + (0.513689) ala__L_c + (0.000223) pydx5p_c + (0.045946) pe160_p + (0.09158) cys__L_c + (0.612638) gly_c + (0.221055) pro__L_c + (0.006715) fe2_c + (0.000223) ribflv_c + (0.295792) arg__L_c + (0.241055) asn__L_c + (2.6e-05) 2fe2s_c + (0.00026) 4fe4s_c + (0.000122) bmocogdp_c + (2e-06) btn_c + (0.005205) ca2_c + (0.005205) cl_c + (2.5e-05) cobalt2_c + (0.133508) ctp_c + (0.000709) cu2_c + (0.026166) datp_c + (0.027017) dctp_c + (0.027017) dgtp_c + (0.026166) dttp_c + (0.007808) fe3_c + (0.094738) his__L_c + (0.290529) ile__L_c + (0.195193) k_c + (0.450531) leu__L_c + (0.343161) lys__L_c + (0.153686) met__L_c + (0.008675) mg2_c + (0.000223) mlthf_c + (0.000691) mn2_c + (7e-06) mobd_c + (0.000323) ni2_c + (0.02106) pe161_p + (0.185265) phe__L_c + (0.000223) pheme_c + (0.215792) ser__L_c + (0.000223) sheme_c + (0.004338) so4_c + (0.000223) thmpp_c + (0.253687) thr__L_c + (0.056843) trp__L_c + (0.137896) tyr__L_c + (5.5e-05) udcpdp_c + (0.144104) utp_c + (0.423162) val__L_c + (0.000341) zn2_c + (0.000223) 2ohph_c + (0.019456) kdo2lipid4_e + (0.013894) murein5px4p_p --> (53.95) adp_c + (53.95) h_c + (53.945662) pi_c + (0.773903) ppi_c","officialName":"E. coli biomass objective function (iJO1366) - core - with 53.95 GAM estimate","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Biomass and maintenance functions"}
{"abbreviation":"BMOCOS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"moco_c + mptamp_c --> amp_c + cu2_c + bmoco_c","officialName":"Bis-molybdenum cofactor synthase","geneAssociation":"b0827","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"BMOGDS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + gtp_c + bmoco_c --> ppi_c + bmoco1gdp_c","officialName":"Bis-molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide synthase (single GDP)","geneAssociation":"b3857 or (b3857 and b3856)","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"BMOGDS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + gtp_c + bmoco1gdp_c --> ppi_c + bmocogdp_c","officialName":"Bis-molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide synthase","geneAssociation":"b3857 or (b3857 and b3856)","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"BPNT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pap_c --> pi_c + amp_c","officialName":"3',5'-bisphosphate nucleotidase","geneAssociation":"b4214","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"BSORx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + btnso_c --> h2o_c + nad_c + btn_c","officialName":"Biotin sulfoxide reductase","geneAssociation":"b3551","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"BSORy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + btnso_c --> h2o_c + nadp_c + btn_c","officialName":"Biotin sulfoxide reductase","geneAssociation":"b3551","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"BTNt2ipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + btn_p --> h_c + btn_c","officialName":"Biotin transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"BTNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"btn_e <==> btn_p","officialName":"Biotin transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"BTS5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amet_c + 2fe2s_c + dtbt_c --> h_c + dad_5_c + btn_c + met__L_c + 2fe1s_c","officialName":"Biotin synthase","geneAssociation":"b0775","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"BUTCT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + but_c --> ac_c + btcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA:butyrate-CoA transferase","geneAssociation":"b2221 and b2222","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"BUTSO3abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + butso3_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + butso3_c","officialName":"Butanesulfonate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0936 and b0933 and b0934) or (b0365 and b0366 and b0367)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"BUTSO3tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"butso3_e <==> butso3_p","officialName":"Butanesulfonate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"BUTt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + but_p <==> h_c + but_c","officialName":"Butyrate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2223","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"BUTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"but_e <==> but_p","officialName":"Butyrate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"BWCOGDS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + gtp_c + bwco_c --> ppi_c + bwco1gdp_c","officialName":"Tungsten bispterin guanine dinucleotide synthase (single GDP)","geneAssociation":"b3857 or (b3857 and b3856)","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"BWCOGDS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + gtp_c + bwco1gdp_c --> ppi_c + bwcogdp_c","officialName":"Tungsten bispterin guanine dinucleotide synthase","geneAssociation":"b3857 or (b3857 and b3856)","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"BWCOS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mptamp_c + wco_c --> amp_c + cu2_c + bwco_c","officialName":"Tungsten bispterin cofactor synthase","geneAssociation":"b0827","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CA2t3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ca2_c --> h_c + ca2_p","officialName":"Calcium (Ca+2) transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1216","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CA2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ca2_e <==> ca2_p","officialName":"Calcium (Ca+2) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CADVtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + 15dap_c + lys__L_p --> h_c + lys__L_c + 15dap_p","officialName":"Lysine/Cadaverine antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4132","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h2o2_c --> (2) h2o_c + o2_c","officialName":"Catalase","geneAssociation":"b1732 or b3942","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"CAt6pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + ca2_c <==> na1_c + ca2_p","officialName":"Calcium / sodium antiporter (1:1)","geneAssociation":"b3196","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CBIAT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + cbi_c <==> adocbi_c + pppi_c","officialName":"Cobinamide adenyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1270","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CBItonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cbi_e --> h_c + cbi_p","officialName":"Cobinamide transport via ton system (extermal)","geneAssociation":"b3966 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CBIuabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cbi_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cbi_c","officialName":"Cobinamide transport via ABC system (uptake, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1711 and b1709 and b0158","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CBL1abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cbl1_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cbl1_c","officialName":"Cob(1)alamin transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1711 and b1709 and b0158","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CBL1tonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cbl1_e --> h_c + cbl1_p","officialName":"Cob(1)alamin transport via ton system (extermal)","geneAssociation":"b3966 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CBLAT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + cbl1_c <==> adocbl_c + pppi_c","officialName":"Cob(I)alamin adenosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1270","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CBMD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + cbm_c --> nh4_c + co2_c","officialName":"Carbamate deaminase","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"CBMKr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + nh4_c + co2_c <==> adp_c + (2) h_c + cbp_c","officialName":"Carbamate kinase","geneAssociation":"b0521 or b0323 or b2874","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"CBPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) atp_c + h2o_c + hco3_c + gln__L_c --> (2) adp_c + (2) h_c + pi_c + glu__L_c + cbp_c","officialName":"Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)","geneAssociation":"b0032 and b0033","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CCGS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + nh4_c + cdg_c --> adp_c + h2o_c + h_c + pi_c + preq0_c","officialName":"7-cyano-7-carbaguanine synthase","geneAssociation":"b0444","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CD2abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cd2_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cd2_p","officialName":"Cadmium (Cd+2) ABC transporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3469","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CD2t3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cd2_c --> h_c + cd2_p","officialName":"Cadmium (Cd+2) transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3915 or b0752","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CD2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cd2_e <==> cd2_p","officialName":"Cadmium (Cd+2) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CD2tpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cd2_p --> cd2_c","officialName":"Cadmium (+2) transport in via permease (no H+)","geneAssociation":"b3040","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CDAPPA120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cdpdddecg_c --> (2) h_c + pa120_c + cmp_c","officialName":"CDP-Diacylglycerol pyrophostatase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b3918","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CDAPPA140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cdpdtdecg_c --> (2) h_c + pa140_c + cmp_c","officialName":"CDP-Diacylglycerol pyrophostatase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b3918","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CDAPPA141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cdpdtdec7eg_c --> (2) h_c + pa141_c + cmp_c","officialName":"CDP-Diacylglycerol pyrophostatase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b3918","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CDAPPA160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cdpdhdecg_c --> (2) h_c + pa160_c + cmp_c","officialName":"CDP-Diacylglycerol pyrophostatase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b3918","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CDAPPA161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cdpdhdec9eg_c --> (2) h_c + pa161_c + cmp_c","officialName":"CDP-Diacylglycerol pyrophostatase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3918","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CDAPPA180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cdpdodecg_c --> (2) h_c + pa180_c + cmp_c","officialName":"CDP-Diacylglycerol pyrophostatase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b3918","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CDAPPA181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cdpdodec11eg_c --> (2) h_c + pa181_c + cmp_c","officialName":"CDP-Diacylglycerol pyrophostatase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b3918","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CDGR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_c + (2) nadph_c + preq0_c --> (2) nadp_c + preq1_c","officialName":"7-cyano-7-deazaguanine reductase","geneAssociation":"b2794","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CDGS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + cph4_c --> nh4_c + cdg_c","officialName":"7-deaza-7-carboxyguanine synthase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CDPMEK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 4c2me_c --> adp_c + h_c + 2p4c2me_c","officialName":"4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase","geneAssociation":"b1208","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CFAS160E","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pe161_c + (2) amet_c --> (2) h_c + (2) ahcys_c + cpe160_c","officialName":"Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (Phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1661","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CFAS160G","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pg161_c + (2) amet_c --> (2) h_c + (2) ahcys_c + cpg160_c","officialName":"Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (Phosphatidylglycerol, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1661","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CFAS180E","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pe181_c + (2) amet_c --> (2) h_c + (2) ahcys_c + cpe180_c","officialName":"Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (Phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1661","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CFAS180G","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pg181_c + (2) amet_c --> (2) h_c + (2) ahcys_c + cpg180_c","officialName":"Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (Phosphatidylglycerol, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1661","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CGLYabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cgly_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cgly_c","officialName":"L-Cysteinylglycine (Cys-Gly) transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3544 and b3543 and b3542 and b3541 and b3540","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CGLYtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cgly_e <==> cgly_p","officialName":"L-Cysteinylglycine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CHLabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + chol_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + chol_c","officialName":"Choline transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2128 and b2129 and b2130 and b2131","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CHLt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + chol_p --> h_c + chol_c","officialName":"Choline transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0314 or b1801","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CHLtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"chol_e <==> chol_p","officialName":"Choline transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CHOLD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + chol_c --> h_c + nadh_c + betald_c","officialName":"Choline dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0311","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"CHORM","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"chor_c --> pphn_c","officialName":"Chorismate mutase","geneAssociation":"b2599 or b2600","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CHORS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3psme_c --> pi_c + chor_c","officialName":"Chorismate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2329","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CHRPL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"chor_c --> pyr_c + 4hbz_c","officialName":"Chorismate pyruvate lyase","geneAssociation":"b4039","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CHTBSptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + chtbs_p --> pyr_c + chtbs6p_c","officialName":"Chitobiose transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CHTBStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"chtbs_e <==> chtbs_p","officialName":"Chitobiose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0929 or b1377 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CINNDO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + o2_c + cinnm_c --> nad_c + cenchddd_c","officialName":"Cinnamate dioxygenase","geneAssociation":"b2538 and b2539 and b2540 and b2542","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CITL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cit_c --> ac_c + oaa_c","officialName":"Citrate lyase","geneAssociation":"(b0615 and b0616 and b0617) and b0614","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"CITt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cit_c --> h_c + cit_p","officialName":"Citrate transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CITt7pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succ_c + cit_p --> cit_c + succ_p","officialName":"Citrate transport via succinate antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0612","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CITtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cit_e <==> cit_p","officialName":"Citrate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CLIPAabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + lipa_cold_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + lipa_cold_e","officialName":"Cold lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNH120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + clpn120_p --> h_p + pa120_p + pg120_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin hydrolase (periplasm, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNH140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + clpn140_p --> h_p + pa140_p + pg140_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin hydrolase (periplasm, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNH141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + clpn141_p --> h_p + pa141_p + pg141_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin hydrolase (periplasm, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNH160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + clpn160_p --> h_p + pg160_p + pa160_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin hydrolase (periplasm, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNH161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + clpn161_p --> h_p + pg161_p + pa161_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin hydrolase (periplasm, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNH180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + clpn180_p --> h_p + pa180_p + pg180_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin hydrolase (periplasm, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNH181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + clpn181_p --> h_p + pg181_p + pa181_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin hydrolase (periplasm, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNS120pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pg120_p <==> clpn120_p + glyc_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin synthase (periplasmic, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b0789 or b1249","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNS140pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pg140_p <==> clpn140_p + glyc_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin synthase (periplasmic, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1249 or b0789","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNS141pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pg141_p <==> clpn141_p + glyc_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin synthase (periplasmic, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b0789 or b1249","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNS160pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pg160_p <==> clpn160_p + glyc_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin synthase (periplasmic, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b0789 or b1249","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNS161pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pg161_p <==> clpn161_p + glyc_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin synthase (periplasmic, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1249 or b0789","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNS180pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pg180_p <==> clpn180_p + glyc_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin synthase (periplasmic, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b0789 or b1249","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLPNS181pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pg181_p <==> clpn181_p + glyc_p","officialName":"Cardiolipin synthase (periplasmic, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b0789 or b1249","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLt3_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + (2) cl_p --> h_p + (2) cl_c","officialName":"Chloride transport out via proton antiport (2:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0155 or b1592","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CLtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cl_e <==> cl_p","officialName":"Chloride (Cl-1) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CMPN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cmp_c --> r5p_c + csn_c","officialName":"CMP nucleosidase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"CMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cmp_e <==> cmp_p","officialName":"CMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cm_e <==> cm_p","officialName":"Chloramphenicol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CMtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cm_p --> h_c + cm_e","officialName":"Chloramphenicol transport via TolC system","geneAssociation":"(b0463 and b0462 and b3035) or (b0463 and b2470 and b3035)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CO2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"co2_e <==> co2_p","officialName":"CO2 transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CO2tpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"co2_p <==> co2_c","officialName":"CO2 transporter via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"COBALT2abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cobalt2_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cobalt2_p","officialName":"Cobalt (Co+2) ABC transporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3469","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"COBALT2t3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cobalt2_c --> h_c + cobalt2_p","officialName":"Cobalt (Co+2) transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0752 or b3915","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"COBALT2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cobalt2_e <==> cobalt2_p","officialName":"Cobalt (Co+2) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"COBALT2tpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cobalt2_p --> cobalt2_c","officialName":"Cobalt transport in via permease (no H+)","geneAssociation":"b3040 or b3816","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"COLIPAKpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"colipa_p + udcpdp_p --> colipap_p + udcpp_p","officialName":"Lipid A core kinase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2174","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"COLIPAPabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + colipap_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + colipap_e","officialName":"Core oligosaccharide lipid A diphosphate transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"COLIPAabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + colipa_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + colipa_p","officialName":"Core oligosaccharide lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"COLIPAabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + colipa_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + colipa_e","officialName":"Core oligosaccharide lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"CPGNR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) cpgn_c --> (2) h_c + fad_c + (2) fe2_c + (2) cpgn_un_c","officialName":"Coprogen(Fe(III)) reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CPGNR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fmnh2_c + (2) cpgn_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + fmn_c + (2) cpgn_un_c","officialName":"Coprogen(Fe(III)) reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CPGNR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rbflvrd_c + (2) cpgn_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + ribflv_c + (2) cpgn_un_c","officialName":"Coprogen(Fe(III)) reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CPGNUtex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cpgn_un_p --> h_c + cpgn_un_e","officialName":"Coprogen unloaded secretion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CPGNUtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cpgn_un_c --> h_c + cpgn_un_p","officialName":"Coprogen unloaded secretion","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CPGNabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cpgn_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cpgn_c","officialName":"Coprogen transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0153 and b0151 and b0152","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CPGNexs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe3_e + cpgn_un_e --> cpgn_e","officialName":"Coprogen Fe-loading reaction (spontaneaous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CPGNtonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cpgn_e --> h_c + cpgn_p","officialName":"Coprogen transport via ton system (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b1102 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CPH4S","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ahdt_c --> h_c + acald_c + pppi_c + cph4_c","officialName":"6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin synthase","geneAssociation":"b2765","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CPMPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gtp_c --> ppi_c + cpmp_c","officialName":"Cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0781 and b0783","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CPPPGO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + o2_c + cpppg3_c --> (2) h2o_c + (2) co2_c + pppg9_c","officialName":"Coproporphyrinogen oxidase (O2 required)","geneAssociation":"b2436","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CPPPGO2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) amet_c + cpppg3_c --> (2) co2_c + (2) dad_5_c + (2) met__L_c + pppg9_c","officialName":"Oxygen Independent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase","geneAssociation":"b3867","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNBTCT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"bbtcoa_c + crn_c <==> crncoa_c + gbbtn_c","officialName":"Gamma-butyrobetainyl-CoA: carnitine CoA transferase","geneAssociation":"b0038","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNCAL2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + coa_c + crn_c --> adp_c + pi_c + crncoa_c","officialName":"Carnitine-CoA Ligase","geneAssociation":"b0037","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNCAR","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"crncoa_c <==> crnDcoa_c","officialName":"Carnitine-CoA racemase","geneAssociation":"b0036","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNCBCT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"crn_c + ctbtcoa_c <==> crncoa_c + ctbt_c","officialName":"Crotonobetainyl-CoA: carnitine CoA transferase","geneAssociation":"b0038","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNCDH","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"crncoa_c <==> h2o_c + ctbtcoa_c","officialName":"Carnityl-CoA dehydratse","geneAssociation":"b0036","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNDCAL2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + coa_c + crn__D_c --> adp_c + pi_c + crnDcoa_c","officialName":"D-Carnitine-CoA Ligase","geneAssociation":"b0037","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNDabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + crn__D_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + crn__D_c","officialName":"D-carnitine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2677 and b2678 and b2679","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNDt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + crn__D_p <==> h_c + crn__D_c","officialName":"D-carnitine outward transport (H+ antiport)","geneAssociation":"b4111","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"crn__D_e <==> crn__D_p","officialName":"D-carnitine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + crn_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + crn_c","officialName":"L-carnitine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2677 and b2678 and b2679","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + crn_p <==> h_c + crn_c","officialName":"L-carnitine outward transport (H+ antiport)","geneAssociation":"b4111","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNt7pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gbbtn_c + crn_p --> crn_c + gbbtn_p","officialName":"Carnitine/butyrobetaine antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0040","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNt8pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"crn__D_c + crn_p --> crn_c + crn__D_p","officialName":"L-carnitine/D-carnitine antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0040","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CRNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"crn_e <==> crn_p","officialName":"L-carnitine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + accoa_c + oaa_c --> h_c + coa_c + cit_c","officialName":"Citrate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0720","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"CSND","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + csn_c --> nh4_c + ura_c","officialName":"Cytosine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b0337","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"CSNt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + csn_p --> h_c + csn_c","officialName":"Cytosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0336","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CSNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"csn_e <==> csn_p","officialName":"Cytosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CTBTCAL2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + coa_c + ctbt_c --> adp_c + pi_c + ctbtcoa_c","officialName":"Crotonobetaine-CoA Ligase","geneAssociation":"b0037","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CTBTabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + ctbt_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ctbt_c","officialName":"Crotonobetaine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2677 and b2678 and b2679","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CTBTt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ctbt_p <==> h_c + ctbt_c","officialName":"Cronobetaine outward transport (H+ antiport)","geneAssociation":"b4111","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CTECOAI6","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tdecoa_c <==> td2coa_c","officialName":"3-cis-2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3846","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CTECOAI7","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hdcoa_c <==> hdd2coa_c","officialName":"3-cis-2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3846","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CTECOAI8","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"odecoa_c <==> od2coa_c","officialName":"3-cis-2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3846","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CTPS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gln__L_c + utp_c --> adp_c + (2) h_c + pi_c + glu__L_c + ctp_c","officialName":"CTP synthase (glutamine)","geneAssociation":"b2780","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"CU1Opp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_p + o2_p + (4) cu_p --> (2) h2o_p + (4) cu2_p","officialName":"Cuprous Oxidase (Cu+1)","geneAssociation":"b0123","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CU1abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cu_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cu_p","officialName":"Copper (Cu +1) ABC transporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0484","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CU2abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cu2_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cu2_p","officialName":"Copper (Cu+2) ABC transporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3469","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CU2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cu2_e <==> cu2_p","officialName":"Copper (Cu+2) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0241 or b0929 or b1377","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CU2tpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cu2_p --> cu2_c","officialName":"Copper transport in via permease (no H+)","geneAssociation":"b3040","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CUt3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_e + cu_c --> h_c + cu_e","officialName":"Copper transport out via proton antiport","geneAssociation":"b0572 and b0573 and b0574 and b0575","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CUtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cu_e <==> cu_p","officialName":"Copper (Cu+1) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CYANST","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cyan_c + tsul_c --> h_c + so3_c + tcynt_c","officialName":"Cyanide sulfurtransferase","geneAssociation":"b3425","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"CYANSTpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cyan_p + tsul_p --> h_p + so3_p + tcynt_p","officialName":"Cyanide sulfurtransferase (periplasmic)","geneAssociation":"b1308","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CYANtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cyan_e <==> cyan_p","officialName":"Cyanide transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CYNTAH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_c + hco3_c + cynt_c --> nh4_c + (2) co2_c","officialName":"Cyanate aminohydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0340","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CYNTt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cynt_p --> h_c + cynt_c","officialName":"Cyanate transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0341","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CYNTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cynt_e <==> cynt_p","officialName":"Cyanate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSDDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cys__D_c --> nh4_c + pyr_c + h2s_c","officialName":"D-cysteine desulfhydrase","geneAssociation":"b1919","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cys__L_c --> nh4_c + pyr_c + h2s_c","officialName":"Cysteine Desulfhydrase","geneAssociation":"b3708 or b3008","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSDabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cys__D_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cys__D_c","officialName":"D-cysteine uptake via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cys__D_e <==> cys__D_p","officialName":"D-cysteine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acser_c + h2s_c --> h_c + ac_c + cys__L_c","officialName":"Cysteine synthase","geneAssociation":"b2414 or b2421","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSSADS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + 3sala_c --> ala__L_c + so2_c","officialName":"L-cysteine sulfinic acid desulfurase","geneAssociation":"b2810","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSTL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cyst__L_c --> nh4_c + pyr_c + hcys__L_c","officialName":"Cystathionine b-lyase","geneAssociation":"b1622 or b3008","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + cys__L_c + trnacys_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + cystrna_c","officialName":"Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0526","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSabc2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cys__L_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cys__L_p","officialName":"L-cysteine export via ABC system (cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0886 and b0887","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CYSabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + cys__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + cys__L_c","officialName":"L-cysteine uptake via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CYStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cys__L_e <==> cys__L_p","officialName":"L-cysteine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CYStpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cys__L_c --> cys__L_p","officialName":"L-cysteine export via facilitated transport","geneAssociation":"b2578 or b1533","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTBD2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + (0.5) o2_c + mql8_c --> h2o_c + (2) h_p + mqn8_c","officialName":"Cytochrome oxidase bd (menaquinol-8: 2 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0978 and b0979","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTBDpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + (0.5) o2_c + q8h2_c --> h2o_c + (2) h_p + q8_c","officialName":"Cytochrome oxidase bd (ubiquinol-8: 2 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0978 and b0979) or (b0733 and b0734)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTBO3_4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + (0.5) o2_c + q8h2_c --> h2o_c + (4) h_p + q8_c","officialName":"Cytochrome oxidase bo3 (ubiquinol-8: 4 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0429 and b0430 and b0431 and b0432","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + cytd_c --> nh4_c + uri_c","officialName":"Cytidine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b2143","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cytd_c --> rib__D_c + csn_c","officialName":"Cytidine hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b2162 or b0651 or b0030","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTDK2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gtp_c + cytd_c --> h_c + gdp_c + cmp_c","officialName":"Cytidine kinase (GTP)","geneAssociation":"b2066","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTDt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cytd_p --> h_c + cytd_c","officialName":"Cytidine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2393 or b2964","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTDt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + cytd_p <==> h_c + cytd_c","officialName":"Cytidine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2406","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cytd_e <==> cytd_p","officialName":"Cytidine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTK1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + cmp_c <==> adp_c + cdp_c","officialName":"Cytidylate kinase (CMP)","geneAssociation":"b0910","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"CYTK2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dcmp_c <==> adp_c + dcdp_c","officialName":"Cytidylate kinase (dCMP)","geneAssociation":"b0910","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DAAD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ala__D_c + fad_c --> nh4_c + pyr_c + fadh2_c","officialName":"D-Amino acid dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1189","subsystem":"Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DADA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + dad_2_c --> nh4_c + din_c","officialName":"Deoxyadenosine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b1623","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DADK","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + damp_c <==> adp_c + dadp_c","officialName":"Deoxyadenylate kinase","geneAssociation":"b0474","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DADNt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + dad_2_p --> h_c + dad_2_c","officialName":"Deoxyadenosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2964 or b2393","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DADNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dad_2_e <==> dad_2_p","officialName":"Deoxyadenosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0411","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DAGK120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr120_c + atp_c --> adp_c + h_c + pa120_c","officialName":"Diacylglycerol kinase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b4042","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAGK140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr140_c + atp_c --> adp_c + h_c + pa140_c","officialName":"Diacylglycerol kinase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b4042","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAGK141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr141_c + atp_c --> adp_c + h_c + pa141_c","officialName":"Diacylglycerol kinase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b4042","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAGK160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr160_c + atp_c --> adp_c + h_c + pa160_c","officialName":"Diacylglycerol kinase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b4042","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAGK161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr161_c + atp_c --> adp_c + h_c + pa161_c","officialName":"Diacylglycerol kinase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b4042","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAGK180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr180_c + atp_c --> adp_c + h_c + pa180_c","officialName":"Diacylglycerol kinase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b4042","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAGK181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12dgr181_c + atp_c --> adp_c + h_c + pa181_c","officialName":"Diacylglycerol kinase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b4042","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DALAt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ala__D_p --> h_c + ala__D_c","officialName":"D-alanine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4208","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DALAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ala__D_e <==> ala__D_p","officialName":"D-Alanine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DAMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"damp_e <==> damp_p","officialName":"DAMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DAPAL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 23dappa_c --> (2) nh4_c + pyr_c","officialName":"2,3-diaminopropionate amonnia lyase","geneAssociation":"b2871","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAPDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 26dap__M_c --> co2_c + lys__L_c","officialName":"Diaminopimelate decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b2838","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAPE","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"26dap_LL_c <==> 26dap__M_c","officialName":"Diaminopimelate epimerase","geneAssociation":"b3809","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DAPabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + 26dap__M_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + 26dap__M_c","officialName":"M-diaminopimelic acid ABC transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DAPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"15dap_e <==> 15dap_p","officialName":"1,5-Diaminopentane transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DASYN120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pa120_c + ctp_c --> ppi_c + cdpdddecg_c","officialName":"CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b0175","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DASYN140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pa140_c + ctp_c --> ppi_c + cdpdtdecg_c","officialName":"CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b0175","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DASYN141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pa141_c + ctp_c --> ppi_c + cdpdtdec7eg_c","officialName":"CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b0175","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DASYN160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pa160_c + ctp_c --> ppi_c + cdpdhdecg_c","officialName":"CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b0175","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DASYN161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pa161_c + ctp_c --> ppi_c + cdpdhdec9eg_c","officialName":"CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b0175","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DASYN180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pa180_c + ctp_c --> ppi_c + cdpdodecg_c","officialName":"CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b0175","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DASYN181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pa181_c + ctp_c --> ppi_c + cdpdodec11eg_c","officialName":"CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b0175","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DATPHs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + datp_c --> nh4_c + ditp_c","officialName":"DATP amine hydrolysis (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DB4PS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ru5p__D_c --> h_c + for_c + db4p_c","officialName":"3,4-Dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b3041","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DBTS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + co2_c + dann_c --> adp_c + (3) h_c + pi_c + dtbt_c","officialName":"Dethiobiotin synthase","geneAssociation":"b0778","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DC6PH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + chtbs6p_c --> acgam6p_c + acgam_c","officialName":"Diacetylchitobiose-6-phosphate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b1734","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DCAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dca_e <==> dca_p","officialName":"Decanoate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DCMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dcmp_e <==> dcmp_p","officialName":"DCMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DCTPD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + dctp_c --> nh4_c + dutp_c","officialName":"DCTP deaminase","geneAssociation":"b2065","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DCYTD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + dcyt_c --> nh4_c + duri_c","officialName":"Deoxycytidine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b2143","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DCYTt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + dcyt_p --> h_c + dcyt_c","officialName":"Deoxycytidine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2393 or b2964","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DCYTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dcyt_e <==> dcyt_p","officialName":"Deoxycytidine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0411","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DDCAtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ddca_e --> ddca_p","officialName":"Fatty acid (dodecanoate) transport via facilitated irreversible diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2344","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DDGALK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2dh3dgal_c --> adp_c + h_c + 2dh3dgal6p_c","officialName":"2-dehydro-3-deoxygalactonokinase","geneAssociation":"b3693","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DDGLCNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + 2ddglcn_p <==> h_c + 2ddglcn_c","officialName":"2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3909","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DDGLCNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2ddglcn_e <==> 2ddglcn_p","officialName":"2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0929 or b1377 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DDGLK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 2ddglcn_c --> adp_c + h_c + 2ddg6p_c","officialName":"2-dehydro-3-deoxygluconokinase","geneAssociation":"b3526","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DDPA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pep_c + e4p_c --> pi_c + 2dda7p_c","officialName":"3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthetase","geneAssociation":"b2601 or b0754 or b1704","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DDPGALA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2dh3dgal6p_c <==> pyr_c + g3p_c","officialName":"2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phosphogalactonate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b4477","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DGK1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dgmp_c <==> adp_c + dgdp_c","officialName":"Deoxyguanylate kinase (dGMP:ATP)","geneAssociation":"b3648","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DGMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dgmp_e <==> dgmp_p","officialName":"DGMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DGSNt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + dgsn_p --> h_c + dgsn_c","officialName":"Deoxyguanosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2964","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DGSNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dgsn_e <==> dgsn_p","officialName":"Deoxyguanosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DHACOAH","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 23dhacoa_c <==> 3hadpcoa_c","officialName":"2,3-dehydroadipyl-CoA hydratase","geneAssociation":"b1393","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHAD1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23dhmb_c --> h2o_c + 3mob_c","officialName":"Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate)","geneAssociation":"b3771","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHAD2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23dhmp_c --> h2o_c + 3mop_c","officialName":"Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate)","geneAssociation":"b3771","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHAPT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + dha_c --> pyr_c + dhap_c","officialName":"Dihydroxyacetone phosphotransferase","geneAssociation":"b1200 and b1199 and b1198 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dha_e <==> dha_p","officialName":"Dihydroxyacetone transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DHAtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dha_p <==> dha_c","officialName":"Dihydroxyacetone transport via facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DHBD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + 23ddhb_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + 23dhb_c","officialName":"2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0596","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHBS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + 23dhb_c --> ppi_c + 23dhba_c","officialName":"2,3-dihydroxybenzoate adenylate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0594","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHBSH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 23dhbzs_c --> ser__L_c + 23dhb_c","officialName":"2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine hydrolase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHCIND","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + cenchddd_c --> h_c + nadh_c + dhcinnm_c","officialName":"2,3-dihydroxycinnamate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2541","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHCINDO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dhcinnm_c + o2_c --> h_c + hkntd_c","officialName":"2,3-dihydroxycinnamate 1,2-dioxygenase","geneAssociation":"b0348","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHDPRy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 23dhdp_c --> nadp_c + thdp_c","officialName":"Dihydrodipicolinate reductase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"b0031","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHDPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pyr_c + aspsa_c --> (2) h2o_c + h_c + 23dhdp_c","officialName":"Dihydrodipicolinate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2478","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHFR","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + dhf_c <==> nadp_c + thf_c","officialName":"Dihydrofolate reductase","geneAssociation":"b1606 or b0048","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHFS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glu__L_c + dhpt_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + dhf_c","officialName":"Dihydrofolate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2315","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHMPTR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + dhmpt_c --> nadp_c + thmnp_c","officialName":"Dihydromonapterin reductase","geneAssociation":"b1606","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHNAOT4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + dhna_c + octdp_c --> ppi_c + co2_c + 2dmmql8_c","officialName":"1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate octaprenyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3930","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHNCOAS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + sbzcoa_c --> h2o_c + 14dhncoa_c","officialName":"1,4-dihydroxy-2-napthoyl-CoA synthase","geneAssociation":"b2262","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHNCOAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 14dhncoa_c --> h_c + coa_c + dhna_c","officialName":"1,4-dihydroxy-2-napthoyl-CoA thioesterase","geneAssociation":"b0736","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHNPA2r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dhnpt_c <==> 6hmhpt_c + gcald_c","officialName":"Dihydroneopterin aldolase reversible","geneAssociation":"b3058","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHNPTE","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dhnpt_c <==> dhmpt_c","officialName":"Dihydroneopterin epimerase","geneAssociation":"b3058","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHORD2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"q8_c + dhor__S_c --> q8h2_c + orot_c","officialName":"Dihydoorotic acid dehydrogenase (quinone8)","geneAssociation":"b0945","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHORD5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mqn8_c + dhor__S_c --> mql8_c + orot_c","officialName":"Dihydroorotic acid (menaquinone-8)","geneAssociation":"b0945","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHORDfum","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fum_c + dhor__S_c --> succ_c + orot_c","officialName":"Fumarate dependent DHORD","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHORTS","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dhor__S_c <==> h_c + cbasp_c","officialName":"Dihydroorotase","geneAssociation":"b1062","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHPPD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + cechddd_c --> h_c + nadh_c + dhpppn_c","officialName":"2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2541","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHPPDA2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + 25drapp_c --> nh4_c + 5apru_c","officialName":"Diaminohydroxyphosphoribosylaminopryrimidine deaminase (25drapp)","geneAssociation":"b0414","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHPS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4abz_c + 6hmhptpp_c --> ppi_c + dhpt_c","officialName":"Dihydropteroate synthase","geneAssociation":"b3177","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHPTDCs2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dhptd_c --> mdhdhf_c","officialName":"4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione cyclization (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHPTDNR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_c + nadph_c + dhptdn_c --> nadp_c + thptdn_c","officialName":"Dihydropteridine reductase","geneAssociation":"b0578","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHPTDNRN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_c + nadh_c + dhptdn_c --> nad_c + thptdn_c","officialName":"Dihydropteridine reductase (NADH)","geneAssociation":"b0578","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHPTPE","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ahdt_c <==> dhmptp_c","officialName":"Dihydroneopterin triphosphate 2'-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b2303","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DHQS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2dda7p_c --> pi_c + 3dhq_c","officialName":"3-dehydroquinate synthase","geneAssociation":"b3389","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DHQTi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3dhq_c --> h2o_c + 3dhsk_c","officialName":"3-dehydroquinate dehydratase, irreversible","geneAssociation":"b1693","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DIMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dimp_e <==> dimp_p","officialName":"DIMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DINSt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + din_p --> h_c + din_c","officialName":"Deoxyinosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2964","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DINStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"din_e <==> din_p","officialName":"Deoxyinosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DKGLCNR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 25dkglcn_c --> 2dhguln_c + nadp_c","officialName":"2,5-diketo-D-gluconate reductase","geneAssociation":"b0207 or b3012","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DKGLCNR2x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 25dkglcn_c --> nad_c + 5dglcn_c","officialName":"2,5-diketo-D-gluconate reductase (NADH)","geneAssociation":"b3553","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DKGLCNR2y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 25dkglcn_c --> nadp_c + 5dglcn_c","officialName":"2,5-diketo-D-gluconate reductase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"b3553","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DMATT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dmpp_c + ipdp_c --> ppi_c + grdp_c","officialName":"Dimethylallyltranstransferase","geneAssociation":"b0421","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DMPPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + h2mb4p_c --> h2o_c + nad_c + dmpp_c","officialName":"1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase (dmpp)","geneAssociation":"b0029","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DMQMT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amet_c + 2omhmbl_c --> h_c + ahcys_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"3-Dimethylubiquinonol 3-methyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2232","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DMSOR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mql8_c + dmso_c --> h2o_c + mqn8_c + dms_c","officialName":"Dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (Menaquinol 8)","geneAssociation":"(b1587 and b1588 and b1589 and b1590) or (b0894 and b0895 and b0896)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"DMSOR1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mql8_c + dmso_p --> h2o_p + mqn8_c + dms_p","officialName":"Dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (Menaquinol 8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1872 and b1873","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"DMSOR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2dmmql8_c + dmso_c --> h2o_c + dms_c + 2dmmq8_c","officialName":"Dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (Demethylmenaquinol 8)","geneAssociation":"b0894 and b0895 and b0896","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"DMSOR2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2dmmql8_c + dmso_p --> h2o_p + dms_p + 2dmmq8_c","officialName":"Dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (Demethylmenaquinol 8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1872 and b1873","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"DMSOtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dmso_e <==> dmso_p","officialName":"Dimethyl sulfoxide transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DMSOtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dmso_p <==> dmso_c","officialName":"Dimethyl sulfoxide transport via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DMStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dms_e <==> dms_p","officialName":"Dimethyl sulfide transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DM_4crsol_c","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4crsol_c --> ","officialName":"Sink needed to allow p-Cresol to leave system","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Intracellular demand"}
{"abbreviation":"DM_5drib_c","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"5drib_c --> ","officialName":"Sink needed to allow 5'-deoxyribose to leave system","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Intracellular demand"}
{"abbreviation":"DM_aacald_c","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"aacald_c --> ","officialName":"Sink needed to allow aminoacetaldehyde to leave system","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Intracellular demand"}
{"abbreviation":"DM_amob_c","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amob_c --> ","officialName":"Sink needed to allow S-Adenosyl-4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate to leave system","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Intracellular demand"}
{"abbreviation":"DM_mththf_c","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mththf_c --> ","officialName":"Sink needed to allow (2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran to leave system","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Intracellular demand"}
{"abbreviation":"DM_oxam_c","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"oxam_c --> ","officialName":"Sink needed to allow oxamate to leave system","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Intracellular demand"}
{"abbreviation":"DNMPPA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dhpmp_c --> pi_c + dhnpt_c","officialName":"Dihydroneopterin monophosphate dephosphorylase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DNTPPA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ahdt_c --> h_c + ppi_c + dhpmp_c","officialName":"Dihydroneopterin triphosphate pyrophosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0099 or b1865","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DOGULNR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 23doguln_c --> nad_c + 3dhguln_c","officialName":"2,3 dioxo-L-gulonate reductase","geneAssociation":"b3575","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DOPAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dopa_e <==> dopa_p","officialName":"Dopamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DOXRBCNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"doxrbcn_e <==> doxrbcn_p","officialName":"Doxorubicin transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DOXRBCNtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + doxrbcn_p --> h_c + doxrbcn_e","officialName":"Doxorubicin transport via TolC system","geneAssociation":"(b0463 and b0462 and b3035) or (b0463 and b2470 and b3035)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DPCOAK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dpcoa_c --> adp_c + h_c + coa_c","officialName":"Dephospho-CoA kinase","geneAssociation":"b0103","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DPR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 2dhp_c --> nadp_c + pant__R_c","officialName":"2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase","geneAssociation":"b0425 or b3774","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DRPA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2dr5p_c --> acald_c + g3p_c","officialName":"Deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b4381","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DSBAO1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"q8_c + dsbard_p --> q8h2_c + dsbaox_p","officialName":"DsbA protein reoxidation reaction (aerobic)","geneAssociation":"b3860 and b1185","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"DSBAO2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mqn8_c + dsbard_p --> mql8_c + dsbaox_p","officialName":"DsbA protein reoxidation reaction (anaerobic)","geneAssociation":"b3860 and b1185","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"DSBCGT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dsbcox_p + (2) gthrd_p --> dsbcrd_p + gthox_p","officialName":"DsbC:glutathione thiotransferase","geneAssociation":"b2893","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"DSBDR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dsbdox_c + trdrd_c --> dsbdrd_c + trdox_c","officialName":"DsbD reductase","geneAssociation":"(b4136 and b2582) or (b4136 and b3781)","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"DSBGGT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) gthrd_p + dsbgox_p --> gthox_p + dsbgrd_p","officialName":"DsbG:glutathione thiotransferase","geneAssociation":"b0604","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"DSERDHr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + ser__D_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + 2amsa_c","officialName":"D-serine dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1539","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DSERt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ser__D_p --> h_c + ser__D_c","officialName":"D-serine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4208","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DSERtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__D_e <==> ser__D_p","officialName":"D-serine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DTARTD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tartr__D_c --> h2o_c + oaa_c","officialName":"D(-)-tartrate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b4122","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"DTMPK","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dtmp_c <==> adp_c + dtdp_c","officialName":"DTMP kinase","geneAssociation":"b1098","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DTMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dtmp_e <==> dtmp_p","officialName":"DTMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DUMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dump_e <==> dump_p","officialName":"DUMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"DURADx","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + 56dura_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + ura_c","officialName":"Dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NAD)","geneAssociation":"b2147 and b2146","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DURIK1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + duri_c --> adp_c + h_c + dump_c","officialName":"Deoxyuridine kinase (ATP:Deoxyuridine)","geneAssociation":"b1238","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DURIPP","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + duri_c <==> ura_c + 2dr1p_c","officialName":"Deoxyuridine phosphorylase","geneAssociation":"b4382 or b4384","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DURIt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + duri_p --> h_c + duri_c","officialName":"Deoxyuridine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2964 or b2393","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DURItex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"duri_e <==> duri_p","officialName":"Deoxyuridine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0411","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"DUTPDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dutp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + dump_c","officialName":"DUTP diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3640 or b2251","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"DXPRIi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + dxyl5p_c --> nadp_c + 2me4p_c","officialName":"1-deoxy-D-xylulose reductoisomerase","geneAssociation":"b0173","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DXPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pyr_c + g3p_c --> co2_c + dxyl5p_c","officialName":"1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0420","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"DXYLK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dxyl_c --> adp_c + h_c + dxyl5p_c","officialName":"1-Deoxy-D-xylulose kinase","geneAssociation":"b3564","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"D_LACt2pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + lac__D_p <==> h_c + lac__D_c","officialName":"D-lactate transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3603 or b2975","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"D_LACtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lac__D_e <==> lac__D_p","officialName":"D-lactate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"E4PD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + e4p_c <==> (2) h_c + nadh_c + 4per_c","officialName":"Erythrose 4-phosphate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2927 or b1779","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR100x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + tdec2eACP_c --> nad_c + dcaACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C10:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR100y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + tdec2eACP_c --> nadp_c + dcaACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C10:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR120x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + tddec2eACP_c --> nad_c + ddcaACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR120y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + tddec2eACP_c --> nadp_c + ddcaACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR121x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + t3c5ddeceACP_c --> nad_c + cddec5eACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C12:1)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR121y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + t3c5ddeceACP_c --> nadp_c + cddec5eACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C12:1)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR140x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + tmrs2eACP_c --> nad_c + myrsACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR140y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + tmrs2eACP_c --> nadp_c + myrsACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR141x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + t3c7mrseACP_c --> nad_c + tdeACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR141y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + t3c7mrseACP_c --> nadp_c + tdeACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR160x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + tpalm2eACP_c --> nad_c + palmACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR160y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + tpalm2eACP_c --> nadp_c + palmACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR161x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + t3c9palmeACP_c --> nad_c + hdeACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR161y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + t3c9palmeACP_c --> nadp_c + hdeACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR180x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + toctd2eACP_c --> nad_c + ocdcaACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR180y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + toctd2eACP_c --> nadp_c + ocdcaACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR181x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + t3c11vaceACP_c --> nad_c + octeACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR181y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + t3c11vaceACP_c --> nadp_c + octeACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR40x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + but2eACP_c --> nad_c + butACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C4:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR40y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + but2eACP_c --> nadp_c + butACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C4:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR60x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + thex2eACP_c --> nad_c + hexACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C6:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR60y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + thex2eACP_c --> nadp_c + hexACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C6:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR80x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + toct2eACP_c --> nad_c + ocACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) (n-C8:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"EAR80y","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + toct2eACP_c --> nadp_c + ocACP_c","officialName":"Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH) (n-C8:0)","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ECA4COLIPAabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + eca4colipa_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + eca4colipa_e","officialName":"Enterobacterial common antigen (x4) core oligosaccharide lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ECA4OALpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"colipa_p + eca4und_p --> h_p + udcpdp_p + eca4colipa_p","officialName":"Enterobacterial common antigen (x4) O-antigen ligase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3622","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ECAP1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) unagamuf_p --> h_p + udcpdp_p + eca2und_p","officialName":"Enterobacterial common antigen polymerase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3793 and b3785","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ECAP2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"eca2und_p + unagamuf_p --> h_p + udcpdp_p + eca3und_p","officialName":"Enterobacterial common antigen polymerase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3793 and b3785","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ECAP3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"unagamuf_p + eca3und_p --> h_p + udcpdp_p + eca4und_p","officialName":"Enterobacterial common antigen polymerase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3793 and b3785","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ECAtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"unagamuf_c --> unagamuf_p","officialName":"Enterobacterial common antigen transferase (flippase, cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3792","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ECOAH1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hbcoa_c <==> h2o_c + b2coa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ECOAH2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hhcoa_c <==> h2o_c + hx2coa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ECOAH3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hocoa_c <==> h2o_c + oc2coa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ECOAH4","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hdcoa_c <==> h2o_c + dc2coa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ECOAH5","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hddcoa_c <==> h2o_c + dd2coa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (3-hydroxydodecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ECOAH6","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3htdcoa_c <==> h2o_c + td2coa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ECOAH7","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hhdcoa_c <==> h2o_c + hdd2coa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (3-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ECOAH8","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hodcoa_c <==> h2o_c + od2coa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (3-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"EDA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2ddg6p_c --> pyr_c + g3p_c","officialName":"2-dehydro-3-deoxy-phosphogluconate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b1850","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"EDD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"6pgc_c --> h2o_c + 2ddg6p_c","officialName":"6-phosphogluconate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b1851","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"EDTXS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ddcaACP_c + kdo2lipid4_c --> ACP_c + kdo2lipid4L_c","officialName":"Endotoxin Synthesis (lauroyl transferase)","geneAssociation":"b1054","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"EDTXS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"myrsACP_c + kdo2lipid4L_c --> ACP_c + lipa_c","officialName":"Endotoxin Synthesis (myristoyl transferase)","geneAssociation":"b1855","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"EDTXS3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hdeACP_c + kdo2lipid4_c --> ACP_c + kdo2lipid4p_c","officialName":"Endotoxin Synthesis (palmitoleoyl ACP)","geneAssociation":"b2378","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"EDTXS4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"myrsACP_c + kdo2lipid4p_c --> ACP_c + lipa_cold_c","officialName":"Endotoxin Synthesis (myristoyl transferase)","geneAssociation":"b1855","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"EGMEACPR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + egmeACP_c --> nadp_c + gmeACP_c","officialName":"Enoylglutaryl-[ACP] methyl ester reductase","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ENLIPAabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + enlipa_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + enlipa_e","officialName":"Phosphoethanolamine lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ENO","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2pg_c <==> h2o_c + pep_c","officialName":"Enolase","geneAssociation":"b2779","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ENTCS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) 23dhba_c + (3) seramp_c --> (9) h_c + (6) amp_c + enter_c","officialName":"Enterochelin synthase","geneAssociation":"b0583","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ENTERES","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h2o_c + enter_c --> (3) h_c + (3) 23dhbzs_c","officialName":"Enterochelin Esterase","geneAssociation":"b0585","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ENTERES2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h2o_c + feenter_c --> (3) h_c + fe3_c + (3) 23dhbzs_c","officialName":"Enterochelin Esterase (Fe containing)","geneAssociation":"b0585","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"EPMEACPR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + epmeACP_c --> nadp_c + pmeACP_c","officialName":"Enoylpimeloyl-[ACP] methyl ester reductase","geneAssociation":"b1288","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ETHAAL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"etha_c --> nh4_c + acald_c","officialName":"Ethanolamine ammonia-lyase","geneAssociation":"b2440 and b2441","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ETHAt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + etha_p --> h_c + etha_c","officialName":"Ethanolamine transport in via proton symport","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ETHAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"etha_e <==> etha_p","officialName":"Ethanolamine transport via diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ETHSO3abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + ethso3_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ethso3_c","officialName":"Ethanesulfonate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0936 and b0933 and b0934","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ETHSO3tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ethso3_e <==> ethso3_p","officialName":"Ethanesulfonate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ETOHtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"etoh_e <==> etoh_p","officialName":"Ethanol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ETOHtrpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"etoh_p <==> etoh_c","officialName":"Ethanol reversible transport via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_12ppd__R_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12ppd__R_e --> ","officialName":"(R)-Propane-1,2-diol exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_12ppd__S_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"12ppd__S_e --> ","officialName":"(S)-Propane-1,2-diol exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_14glucan_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"14glucan_e --> ","officialName":"1,4-alpha-D-glucan exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_15dap_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"15dap_e --> ","officialName":"1,5-Diaminopentane exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_23camp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23camp_e --> ","officialName":"2',3'-Cyclic AMP exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_23ccmp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23ccmp_e --> ","officialName":"2',3'-Cyclic CMP exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_23cgmp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23cgmp_e --> ","officialName":"2',3'-Cyclic GMP exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_23cump_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23cump_e --> ","officialName":"2',3'-Cyclic UMP exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_23dappa_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"23dappa_e --> ","officialName":"2,3-diaminopropionate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_26dap__M_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"26dap__M_e --> ","officialName":"Meso-2,6-Diaminoheptanedioate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_2ddglcn_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2ddglcn_e --> ","officialName":"2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_34dhpac_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"34dhpac_e --> ","officialName":"3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_3amp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3amp_e --> ","officialName":"3'-AMP exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_3cmp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3cmp_e --> ","officialName":"3'-cmp exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_3gmp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3gmp_e --> ","officialName":"3'-GMP exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
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{"abbreviation":"EX_acald_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"acald_e --> ","officialName":"Acetaldehyde exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
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{"abbreviation":"EX_agm_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"agm_e --> ","officialName":"Agmatine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_akg_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_e --> ","officialName":"2-Oxoglutarate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
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{"abbreviation":"EX_alaala_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"alaala_e --> ","officialName":"D-Alanyl-D-alanine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
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{"abbreviation":"EX_pppn_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pppn_e --> ","officialName":"Phenylpropanoate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ppt_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ppt_e --> ","officialName":"Phosphonate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_pro__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pro__L_e --> ","officialName":"L-Proline exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_progly_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"progly_e --> ","officialName":"L-Prolinylglycine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_psclys_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"psclys_e --> ","officialName":"Psicoselysine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_pser__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pser__L_e --> ","officialName":"O-Phospho-L-serine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ptrc_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ptrc_e --> ","officialName":"Putrescine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_pydam_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydam_e --> ","officialName":"Pyridoxamine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_pydx_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydx_e --> ","officialName":"Pyridoxal exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_pydxn_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydxn_e --> ","officialName":"Pyridoxine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_pyr_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pyr_e --> ","officialName":"Pyruvate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_quin_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"quin_e --> ","officialName":"Quinate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_r5p_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"r5p_e --> ","officialName":"Alpha-D-Ribose 5-phosphate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_rfamp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rfamp_e --> ","officialName":"Rifampin exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_rib__D_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rib__D_e --> ","officialName":"D-Ribose exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_rmn_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rmn_e --> ","officialName":"L-Rhamnose exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_sbt__D_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"sbt__D_e --> ","officialName":"D-Sorbitol exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_sel_e","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"sel_e <==> ","officialName":"Selenate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ser__D_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__D_e --> ","officialName":"D-Serine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ser__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_e --> ","officialName":"L-Serine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_skm_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"skm_e --> ","officialName":"Shikimate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_slnt_e","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"slnt_e <==> ","officialName":"Selenite exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_so2_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"so2_e --> ","officialName":"Sulfur dioxide exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_so3_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"so3_e --> ","officialName":"Sulfite exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_so4_e","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"so4_e <==> ","officialName":"Sulfate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_spmd_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"spmd_e --> ","officialName":"Spermidine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_succ_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succ_e --> ","officialName":"Succinate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_sucr_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"sucr_e --> ","officialName":"Sucrose exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_sulfac_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"sulfac_e --> ","officialName":"Sulfoacetate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tartr__D_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tartr__D_e --> ","officialName":"D-tartrate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tartr__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tartr__L_e --> ","officialName":"L-tartrate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_taur_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"taur_e --> ","officialName":"Taurine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tcynt_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tcynt_e --> ","officialName":"Thiocyanate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_thm_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thm_e --> ","officialName":"Thiamin exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_thr__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thr__L_e --> ","officialName":"L-Threonine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_thrp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thrp_e --> ","officialName":"L-Threonine O-3-phosphate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_thym_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thym_e --> ","officialName":"Thymine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_thymd_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thymd_e --> ","officialName":"Thymidine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tma_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tma_e --> ","officialName":"Trimethylamine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tmao_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tmao_e --> ","officialName":"Trimethylamine N-oxide exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tre_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tre_e --> ","officialName":"Trehalose exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_trp__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"trp__L_e --> ","officialName":"L-Tryptophan exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tsul_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tsul_e --> ","officialName":"Thiosulfate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ttdca_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ttdca_e --> ","officialName":"Tetradecanoate (n-C14:0) exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ttdcea_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ttdcea_e --> ","officialName":"Tetradecenoate (n-C14:1) exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ttrcyc_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ttrcyc_e --> ","officialName":"Tetracycline exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tungs_e","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tungs_e <==> ","officialName":"Tungstate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tym_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tym_e --> ","officialName":"Tyramine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tyr__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tyr__L_e --> ","officialName":"L-Tyrosine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_tyrp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tyrp_e --> ","officialName":"Phosphotyrosine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_uacgam_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uacgam_e --> ","officialName":"UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_udpacgal_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpacgal_e --> ","officialName":"UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_udpg_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpg_e --> ","officialName":"UDPglucose exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_udpgal_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpgal_e --> ","officialName":"UDPgalactose exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_udpglcur_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpglcur_e --> ","officialName":"UDP-D-glucuronate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ump_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ump_e --> ","officialName":"UMP exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_ura_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ura_e --> ","officialName":"Uracil exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_urea_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"urea_e --> ","officialName":"Urea exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_uri_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uri_e --> ","officialName":"Uridine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_val__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"val__L_e --> ","officialName":"L-Valine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_xan_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xan_e --> ","officialName":"Xanthine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_xmp_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xmp_e --> ","officialName":"Xanthosine 5'-phosphate exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_xtsn_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xtsn_e --> ","officialName":"Xanthosine exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_xyl__D_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xyl__D_e --> ","officialName":"D-Xylose exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_xylu__L_e","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xylu__L_e --> ","officialName":"L-Xylulose exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"EX_zn2_e","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"zn2_e <==> ","officialName":"Zinc exchange","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Extracellular exchange"}
{"abbreviation":"F6PA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"f6p_c <==> g3p_c + dha_c","officialName":"Fructose 6-phosphate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b0825 or b3946","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"F6PP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + f6p_c --> pi_c + fru_c","officialName":"D-fructose 6-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0822","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"F6Pt6_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pi_c + f6p_p --> (2) pi_p + f6p_c","officialName":"Fructose-6-phosphate transport via phosphate antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3666","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"F6Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"f6p_e <==> f6p_p","officialName":"Fructose 6-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FA100ACPHi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dcaACP_c --> h_c + ACP_c + dca_c","officialName":"Fatty-acyl-ACP hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0404","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FA120ACPHi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ddcaACP_c --> h_c + ddca_c + ACP_c","officialName":"Fatty-acyl-ACP hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0404","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FA140ACPHi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + myrsACP_c --> h_c + ttdca_c + ACP_c","officialName":"Fatty-acyl-ACP hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0404","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FA141ACPHi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + tdeACP_c --> h_c + ttdcea_c + ACP_c","officialName":"Fatty-acyl-ACP hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0404","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FA160ACPHi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + palmACP_c --> h_c + hdca_c + ACP_c","officialName":"Fatty-acyl-ACP hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0404","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FA161ACPHi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + hdeACP_c --> h_c + hdcea_c + ACP_c","officialName":"Fatty-acyl-ACP hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0404","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FA80ACPHi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ocACP_c --> h_c + ACP_c + octa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acyl-ACP hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0404","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE100","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dcacoa_c --> h_c + coa_c + dca_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (decanoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ddcacoa_c --> h_c + ddca_c + coa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (dodecanoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + tdcoa_c --> h_c + ttdca_c + coa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (tetradecanoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + tdecoa_c --> h_c + ttdcea_c + coa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (tetradecenoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pmtcoa_c --> h_c + hdca_c + coa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (hexadecanoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + hdcoa_c --> h_c + hdcea_c + coa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (hexadecenoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + stcoa_c --> h_c + ocdca_c + coa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (octadecanoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + odecoa_c --> h_c + ocdcea_c + coa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (octadecenoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE60","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + hxcoa_c --> h_c + coa_c + hxa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (hexanoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAE80","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + occoa_c --> h_c + coa_c + octa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA thioesterase (octanoate)","geneAssociation":"b0452","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL100t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + dca_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + dcacoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (decanoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1805 or b1701","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL120t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + ddca_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + ddcacoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (dodecanoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1701 or b1805","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL140t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + ttdca_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + tdcoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (tetradecanoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1701 or b1805","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL141t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + ttdcea_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + tdecoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (tetradecenoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1701 or b1805","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL160t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + hdca_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + pmtcoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (hexadecanoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1701 or b1805","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL161t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + hdcea_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + hdcoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (hexadecenoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1805 or b1701","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL180t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + ocdca_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + stcoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (octadecanoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1701 or b1805","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL181t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + ocdcea_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + odecoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (octadecenoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1805 or b1701","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL60t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + hxa_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + hxcoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (hexanoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1805 or b1701","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FACOAL80t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_p + coa_c + octa_p --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + occoa_c","officialName":"Fatty-acid-CoA ligase (octanoate transport via vectoral Co-A coupling)","geneAssociation":"b1805 or b1701","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FADRx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + fad_c --> nad_c + fadh2_c","officialName":"FAD reductase","geneAssociation":"b3844","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FADRx2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + fad_c --> nadp_c + fadh2_c","officialName":"FAD reductase","geneAssociation":"b2763 and b2764","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FALDH2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + hmgth_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + Sfglutth_c","officialName":"Formaldehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0356","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FALDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fald_e <==> fald_p","officialName":"Formaldehyde transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FALDtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fald_p <==> fald_c","officialName":"Formaldehyde transport via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FALGTHLs","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gthrd_c + fald_c <==> hmgth_c","officialName":"Formaldehyde glutathione ligase (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FBA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fdp_c <==> g3p_c + dhap_c","officialName":"Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b2097 or b1773 or b2925","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FBA3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"s17bp_c <==> e4p_c + dhap_c","officialName":"Sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-lyase","geneAssociation":"b2925","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"FBP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + fdp_c --> pi_c + f6p_c","officialName":"Fructose-bisphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3925 or b4232 or b2930","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FCI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fuc__L_c <==> fcl__L_c","officialName":"L-fucose isomerase","geneAssociation":"b2802","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FCLK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + fcl__L_c --> adp_c + h_c + fc1p_c","officialName":"L-fuculokinase","geneAssociation":"b2803","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FCLPA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fc1p_c <==> dhap_c + lald__L_c","officialName":"L-fuculose 1-phosphate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b2738 or b2800","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FCLT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe2_c + ppp9_c --> (2) h_c + pheme_c","officialName":"Ferrochelatase","geneAssociation":"b0475","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FDH4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + q8_c + for_p --> h_p + co2_p + q8h2_c","officialName":"Formate dehydrogenase (quinone-8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b3892 and b3893 and b3894) or (b1474 and b1475 and b1476)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"FDH5pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + mqn8_c + for_p --> h_p + mql8_c + co2_p","officialName":"Formate Dehydrogenase (menaquinone-8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b1474 and b1475 and b1476) or (b3892 and b3893 and b3894)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"FDMO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + fmnh2_c + isetac_c --> h2o_c + h_c + fmn_c + so3_c + gcald_c","officialName":"FMNH2-dependent monooxygenase","geneAssociation":"b0935","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FDMO2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + fmnh2_c + mso3_c --> h2o_c + h_c + fmn_c + so3_c + fald_c","officialName":"FMNH2-dependent monooxygenase (methanesulfonate)","geneAssociation":"b0935","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FDMO3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + fmnh2_c + ethso3_c --> h2o_c + h_c + acald_c + fmn_c + so3_c","officialName":"FMNH2-dependent monooxygenase (ethanesulfonate)","geneAssociation":"b0935","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FDMO4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + fmnh2_c + butso3_c --> h2o_c + h_c + btal_c + fmn_c + so3_c","officialName":"FMNH2-dependent monooxygenase (butanesulfonate)","geneAssociation":"b0935","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FDMO6","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + fmnh2_c + sulfac_c --> h2o_c + h_c + fmn_c + so3_c + glx_c","officialName":"FMNH2-dependent monooxygenase (sulfoacetate)","geneAssociation":"b0935","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE2abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + fe2_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + fe2_c","officialName":"Iron (II) transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3409","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE2t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fe2_p --> h_c + fe2_c","officialName":"Iron (II) transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2392","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE2t3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fe2_c --> h_c + fe2_p","officialName":"Iron (Fe+2) transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3915","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe2_e <==> fe2_p","officialName":"Iron (II) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FE2tpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe2_p --> fe2_c","officialName":"Iron (+2) transport in via permease (no H+)","geneAssociation":"b3040","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3DCITabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + fe3dcit_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + (2) cit_c + fe3_c","officialName":"Iron transport from ferric-dicitrate via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4290 and b4289 and b4288 and b4287","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3DCITtonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fe3dcit_e --> h_c + fe3dcit_p","officialName":"Ferric-dicitrate transport via ton system (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b4291 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3DHBZR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe3dhbzs_c --> fe3_c + 23dhbzs_c","officialName":"Release of Fe(III) from ferric 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3DHBZSabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + fe3dhbzs_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + fe3dhbzs_c","officialName":"Ferric 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0592 and b0588 and b0590 and b0589","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3DHBZStonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fe3dhbzs_e --> h_c + fe3dhbzs_p","officialName":"Ferric 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine transport via ton system (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"(b0805 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)) or (b2155 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006))","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3HOXR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) fe3hox_c --> (2) h_c + fad_c + (2) fe2_c + (2) fe3hox_un_c","officialName":"Fe(III)hydroxamate reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3HOXR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fmnh2_c + (2) fe3hox_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + fmn_c + (2) fe3hox_un_c","officialName":"Fe(III)hydroxamate reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3HOXR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rbflvrd_c + (2) fe3hox_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + ribflv_c + (2) fe3hox_un_c","officialName":"Fe(III)hydroxamate reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3HOXUtex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fe3hox_un_c --> h_c + fe3hox_un_p","officialName":"Fe(III)hydroxamate unloaded secretion","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3HOXUtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fe3hox_un_p --> h_c + fe3hox_un_e","officialName":"Fe(III)hydroxamate unloaded secretion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3HOXabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + fe3hox_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + fe3hox_c","officialName":"Ferric-dicitrate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0153 and b0151 and b0152","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3HOXexs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe3_e + fe3hox_un_e --> fe3hox_e","officialName":"Fe(III) hydroxamate Fe-loading reaction (spontaneaous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3HOXtonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fe3hox_e --> h_c + fe3hox_p","officialName":"Fe(III)hydroxamine transport via ton system (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0150 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3Ri","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) fe3_c --> (2) h_c + fad_c + (2) fe2_c","officialName":"Fe(III) reduction","geneAssociation":"b3844","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + fe3_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + fe3_c","officialName":"Iron (III) transport via ABC system (periplasm to cytoplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FE3tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe3_e <==> fe3_p","officialName":"Iron (III) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FECRMR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) fecrm_c --> (2) h_c + fad_c + (2) fe2_c + (2) fecrm_un_c","officialName":"Ferrichrome reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FECRMR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fmnh2_c + (2) fecrm_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + fmn_c + (2) fecrm_un_c","officialName":"Ferrichrome reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FECRMR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rbflvrd_c + (2) fecrm_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + ribflv_c + (2) fecrm_un_c","officialName":"Ferrichrome reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FECRMUtex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fecrm_un_p --> h_c + fecrm_un_e","officialName":"Ferrichrome (minus Fe) secretion (to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FECRMUtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fecrm_un_c --> h_c + fecrm_un_p","officialName":"Ferrichrome (minus Fe) secretion (to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FECRMabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + fecrm_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + fecrm_c","officialName":"Ferrichrome transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0153 and b0151 and b0152","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FECRMexs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe3_e + fecrm_un_e --> fecrm_e","officialName":"Ferrichrome Fe(III)-loading reaction (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FECRMtonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fecrm_e --> h_c + fecrm_p","officialName":"Ferrichrome transport via ton system (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0150 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FEENTERR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) feenter_c --> (2) h_c + fad_c + (2) fe2_c + (2) enter_c","officialName":"Fe-enterobactin reduction (Fe(III)-unloading)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEENTERR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fmnh2_c + (2) feenter_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + fmn_c + (2) enter_c","officialName":"Fe-enterobactin reduction (Fe(III)-unloading)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEENTERR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rbflvrd_c + (2) feenter_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + ribflv_c + (2) enter_c","officialName":"Fe-enterobactin reduction (Fe(III)-unloading)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEENTERabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + feenter_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + feenter_c","officialName":"Fe-enterobactin transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0592 and b0588 and b0590 and b0589","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEENTERexs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe3_e + enter_e --> feenter_e","officialName":"Enterobactin Fe(III) binding (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEENTERtex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + enter_p --> h_c + enter_e","officialName":"Enterochelin transport (secretion periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3035","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEENTERtonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + feenter_e --> h_c + feenter_p","officialName":"Fe-enterobactin transport via ton system (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0584 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FEENTERtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + enter_c --> h_c + enter_p","officialName":"Enterochelin transport (secretion)","geneAssociation":"b0591","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FEOXAMR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) feoxam_c --> (2) h_c + fad_c + (2) fe2_c + (2) feoxam_un_c","officialName":"Ferroxamine reductase","geneAssociation":"b4367","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEOXAMR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fmnh2_c + (2) feoxam_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + fmn_c + (2) feoxam_un_c","officialName":"Ferroxamine reductase","geneAssociation":"b4367","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEOXAMR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rbflvrd_c + (2) feoxam_c --> (2) h_c + (2) fe2_c + ribflv_c + (2) feoxam_un_c","officialName":"Ferroxamine reductase","geneAssociation":"b4367","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEOXAMUtex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + feoxam_un_p --> h_c + feoxam_un_e","officialName":"Ferroxamine (minus Fe3) secretion (to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEOXAMUtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + feoxam_un_c --> h_c + feoxam_un_p","officialName":"Ferroxamine (minus Fe3) secretion (to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEOXAMabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + feoxam_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + feoxam_c","officialName":"Ferroxamine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0153 and b0151 and b0152","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEOXAMexs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe3_e + feoxam_un_e --> feoxam_e","officialName":"Ferroxamine Fe3-loading reaction (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FEOXAMtonex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + feoxam_e --> h_c + feoxam_p","officialName":"Ferroxamine transport via ton system (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0150 and (b1252 and b3005 and b3006)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FEROpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_p + o2_p + (4) fe2_p --> (2) h2o_p + (4) fe3_p","officialName":"Ferroxidase","geneAssociation":"b0123","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FESD1s","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + h2o2_c + (2) 4fe4s_c --> (2) h2o_c + (2) fe3_c + (2) 3fe4s_c","officialName":"Iron-sulfur cluster damage (peroxide, spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FESD2s","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + (2) 4fe4s_c + (2) no_c --> h2o_c + (2) fe3_c + (2) 3fe4s_c + n2o_c","officialName":"Iron-sulfur cluster damage (nitrous oxide, spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FESR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe2_c + 3fe4s_c --> 4fe4s_c","officialName":"Iron-sulfur cluster repair","geneAssociation":"b4209","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FFSD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + suc6p_c --> g6p_c + fru_c","officialName":"Beta-fructofuranosidase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FHL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + for_c --> co2_c + h2_c","officialName":"Formate-hydrogen lyase","geneAssociation":"(b4079 and (b2481 and b2482 and b2483 and b2484 and b2485 and b2486 and b2487 and b2488 and b2489 and b2490)) or (b4079 and (b2719 and b2720 and b2721 and b2722 and b2723 and b2724))","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FLDR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadph_c + (2) flxso_c --> h_c + nadp_c + (2) flxr_c","officialName":"Flavodoxin reductase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"(b0684 and b3924) or (b2895 and b3924)","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"FLVR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + ribflv_c --> nadp_c + rbflvrd_c","officialName":"Flavin reductase","geneAssociation":"b3844 or (b2763 and b2764)","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FLVRx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + ribflv_c --> nad_c + rbflvrd_c","officialName":"Flavin reductase (NAD)","geneAssociation":"b3844","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FMETTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"10fthf_c + mettrna_c --> h_c + thf_c + fmettrna_c","officialName":"Methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3288","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"FMNAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + fmn_c --> ppi_c + fad_c","officialName":"FMN adenylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0025","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FMNRx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + fmn_c --> nad_c + fmnh2_c","officialName":"FMN reductase","geneAssociation":"b0937 or b3844","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FMNRx2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + fmn_c --> nadp_c + fmnh2_c","officialName":"FMN reductase","geneAssociation":"b3844 or b0937 or (b2763 and b2764)","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"FOMETRi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 5fthf_c --> h2o_c + methf_c","officialName":"Aminomethyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2912","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FORCT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"forcoa_c + oxa_c <==> for_c + oxalcoa_c","officialName":"Formyl-CoA Transferase","geneAssociation":"b2374","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FORt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + for_p --> h_c + for_c","officialName":"Formate transport via proton symport (uptake only, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0904 or b2492","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FORtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"for_e <==> for_p","officialName":"Formate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FORtppi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"for_c --> for_p","officialName":"Formate transport via diffusion (cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0904 or b2492","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FRD2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fum_c + mql8_c --> mqn8_c + succ_c","officialName":"Fumarate reductase","geneAssociation":"b4151 and b4152 and b4153 and b4154","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"FRD3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fum_c + 2dmmql8_c --> succ_c + 2dmmq8_c","officialName":"Fumarate reductase","geneAssociation":"b4151 and b4152 and b4153 and b4154","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"FRUK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + f1p_c --> adp_c + h_c + fdp_c","officialName":"Fructose-1-phosphate kinase","geneAssociation":"b2168","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FRULYSDG","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + frulysp_c <==> g6p_c + lys__L_c","officialName":"Fructoselysine phosphate deglycase","geneAssociation":"b3371","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FRULYSE","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"psclys_c <==> frulys_c","officialName":"Fructoselysine 3-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b4474","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FRULYSK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + frulys_c --> adp_c + h_c + frulysp_c","officialName":"Fructoselysine Kinase","geneAssociation":"b3374","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FRULYSt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + frulys_p --> h_c + frulys_c","officialName":"Fructoselysine transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3370","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FRULYStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"frulys_e <==> frulys_p","officialName":"Fructoselysine transporter via diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FRUURt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fruur_p <==> h_c + fruur_c","officialName":"D-fructuronate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4321","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FRUURtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fruur_e <==> fruur_p","officialName":"D-fructuronate transport via diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FRUpts2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + fru_p --> pyr_c + f6p_c","officialName":"Fructose transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (f6p generating) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1817 and b1818 and b1819 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FRUptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + fru_p --> pyr_c + f1p_c","officialName":"D-fructose transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2167 and b2169 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FRUtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fru_e <==> fru_p","officialName":"D-fructose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FTHFD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 10fthf_c --> h_c + thf_c + for_c","officialName":"Formyltetrahydrofolate deformylase","geneAssociation":"b1232","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FTHFLi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + thf_c + for_c --> adp_c + pi_c + 10fthf_c","officialName":"Formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"FUCtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fuc__L_e <==> fuc__L_p","officialName":"L-fucose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FUCtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fuc__L_p <==> h_c + fuc__L_c","officialName":"L-fucose transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2801","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FUM","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + fum_c <==> mal__L_c","officialName":"Fumarase","geneAssociation":"b1612 or b4122 or b1611","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"FUMt2_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + fum_p --> (2) h_c + fum_c","officialName":"Fumarate transport via proton symport (2 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FUMt2_3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_p + fum_p --> (3) h_c + fum_c","officialName":"Fumarate transport via proton symport (3 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4138 or b4123 or b0621","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"FUMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fum_e <==> fum_p","officialName":"Fumarate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FUSAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fusa_e <==> fusa_p","officialName":"Fusidic acid transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"FUSAtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + fusa_p --> h_c + fusa_e","officialName":"Fusidic acid transport via TolC system","geneAssociation":"(b0463 and b0462 and b3035) or (b0463 and b2470 and b3035)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"G1PACT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + gam1p_c --> h_c + coa_c + acgam1p_c","officialName":"Glucosamine-1-phosphate N-acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3730","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"G1PPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + g1p_p --> pi_p + glc__D_p","officialName":"Glucose-1-phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b1002","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"G1PTT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + dttp_c + g1p_c --> ppi_c + dtdpglu_c","officialName":"Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2039 or b3789","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"G1Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g1p_e <==> g1p_p","officialName":"D-glucose 1-phosphate transport via diffusion","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"G1SAT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu1sa_c <==> 5aop_c","officialName":"Glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase","geneAssociation":"b0154","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"G2PP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + glyc2p_c --> pi_c + glyc_c","officialName":"Glycerol-2-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b2533","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G2PPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + glyc2p_p --> pi_p + glyc_p","officialName":"Glycerol 2-phosphate phosphatase (periplasmic)","geneAssociation":"b4055","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PAT120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ddcaACP_c + glyc3p_c --> ACP_c + 1ddecg3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b4041","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PAT140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"myrsACP_c + glyc3p_c --> ACP_c + 1tdecg3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b4041","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PAT141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tdeACP_c + glyc3p_c --> ACP_c + 1tdec7eg3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b4041","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PAT160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"palmACP_c + glyc3p_c --> ACP_c + 1hdecg3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b4041","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PAT161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hdeACP_c + glyc3p_c --> ACP_c + 1hdec9eg3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b4041","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PAT180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ocdcaACP_c + glyc3p_c --> ACP_c + 1odecg3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b4041","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PAT181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"octeACP_c + glyc3p_c --> ACP_c + 1odec11eg3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b4041","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PCabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + g3pc_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + g3pc_c","officialName":"Sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3452 and b3453 and b3450 and b3451","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PCtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g3pc_e <==> g3pc_p","officialName":"Glycero-3-phosphocholine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PD2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + glyc3p_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + dhap_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP)","geneAssociation":"b3608","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PD5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + q8_c --> q8h2_c + dhap_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone-8)","geneAssociation":"(b2241 and b2242 and b2243) or b3426","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PD6","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + mqn8_c --> mql8_c + dhap_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (menaquinone-8)","geneAssociation":"b2241 and b2242 and b2243","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PD7","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + 2dmmq8_c --> 2dmmql8_c + dhap_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (demethylmenaquinone-8)","geneAssociation":"b2241 and b2242 and b2243","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PEabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + g3pe_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + g3pe_c","officialName":"Sn-glycerol-3-phosphoethanolamine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3452 and b3453 and b3450 and b3451","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PEtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g3pe_e <==> g3pe_p","officialName":"Glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0929 or b1377 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PGabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + g3pg_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + g3pg_c","officialName":"Sn-glycerol-3-phosphoglycerol transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3452 and b3453 and b3450 and b3451","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PGtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g3pg_e <==> g3pg_p","officialName":"Glycerophoglycerol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PIabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + g3pi_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + g3pi_c","officialName":"Sn-glycerol-3-phosphoethanolamine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3452 and b3453 and b3450 and b3451","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PItex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g3pi_e <==> g3pi_p","officialName":"Glycero-3-phospho-1-inositol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PSabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + g3ps_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + g3ps_c","officialName":"Sn-glycerol-3-phosphoserine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3452 and b3453 and b3450 and b3451","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g3ps_e <==> g3ps_p","officialName":"Glycerophosphserine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"G3PT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + glyc3p_c --> pi_c + glyc_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0822","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G5SADs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu5sa_c --> h2o_c + h_c + 1pyr5c_c","officialName":"L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde dehydratase (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G5SD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + glu5p_c --> pi_c + nadp_c + glu5sa_c","officialName":"Glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0243","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G6PDA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gam6p_c --> nh4_c + f6p_c","officialName":"Glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase","geneAssociation":"b0678","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"G6PDH2r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + g6p_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + 6pgl_c","officialName":"Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1852","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"G6PP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + g6p_c --> pi_c + glc__D_c","officialName":"Glucose-6-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0822","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"G6Pt6_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pi_c + g6p_p --> (2) pi_p + g6p_c","officialName":"Glucose-6-phosphate transport via phosphate antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3666","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"G6Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g6p_e <==> g6p_p","officialName":"Glucose 6-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GAL1PPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + gal1p_p --> pi_p + gal_p","officialName":"D-galactose 1-phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b1002","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GAL1Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gal1p_e <==> gal1p_p","officialName":"D-galactose 1-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GALBDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gal_bD_e <==> gal_bD_p","officialName":"Beta D-galactose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"galct__D_c --> h2o_c + 5dh4dglc_c","officialName":"Galactarate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b3128","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTLO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + galctn__L_c --> h_c + nadh_c + tagur_c","officialName":"L-galactonate oxidoreductase","geneAssociation":"b4358","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTND","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"galctn__D_c --> h2o_c + 2dh3dgal_c","officialName":"Galactonate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b4478","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTNLt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + galctn__L_p --> h_c + galctn__L_c","officialName":"L-galactonate transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4356","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTNLtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"galctn__L_e <==> galctn__L_p","officialName":"L-galactonate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTNt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + galctn__D_p --> h_c + galctn__D_c","officialName":"D-galactonate transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3691","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"galctn__D_e <==> galctn__D_p","officialName":"D-galactonate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + galct__D_p <==> h_c + galct__D_c","officialName":"D-galactarte transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2789 or b3127","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GALCTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"galct__D_e <==> galct__D_p","officialName":"D-galactarte transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GALKr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gal_c <==> adp_c + h_c + gal1p_c","officialName":"Galactokinase","geneAssociation":"b2045 or b0757","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GALM2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gal_bD_p --> gal_p","officialName":"Aldose-1-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b0756","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GALS3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + melib_c --> glc__D_c + gal_c","officialName":"A-galactosidase (melibiose)","geneAssociation":"b4119","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GALT1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gicolipa_c + udpg_c --> h_c + udp_c + gagicolipa_c","officialName":"Galactosyltransferase I (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3628","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"GALTptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + galt_p --> pyr_c + galt1p_c","officialName":"Galactitol transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2094 and b2093 and b2092 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GALTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"galt_e <==> galt_p","officialName":"Galactitol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GALURt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + galur_p <==> h_c + galur_c","officialName":"D-galacturonate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3093","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GALURtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"galur_e <==> galur_p","officialName":"D-galacturonate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GALUi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + utp_c + g1p_c --> ppi_c + udpg_c","officialName":"UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (irreversible)","geneAssociation":"b1236","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GALabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gal_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + gal_c","officialName":"D-galactose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b2149 and b2150 and b2148) or (b4231 and b4227 and b4485 and b4230)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GALt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + gal_p --> h_c + gal_c","officialName":"D-galactose transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2943","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GALtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gal_e <==> gal_p","officialName":"D-galactose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GAM6Pt6_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pi_c + gam6p_p --> (2) pi_p + gam6p_c","officialName":"D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate transport via phosphate antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3666","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GAMAN6Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gam6p_e <==> gam6p_p","officialName":"D-glucosamine 6-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GAMptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + gam_p --> pyr_c + gam6p_c","officialName":"D-glucosamine transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1817 and b1818 and b1819 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GAMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gam_e <==> gam_p","officialName":"D-glucosamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GAPD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + nad_c + g3p_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + 13dpg_c","officialName":"Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1779","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GARFT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"10fthf_c + gar_c <==> h_c + thf_c + fgam_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2500","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GART","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + for_c + gar_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + fgam_c","officialName":"GAR transformylase-T","geneAssociation":"b1849","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GBBTNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gbbtn_e <==> gbbtn_p","officialName":"Gamma-butyrobetaine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GCALDD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + gcald_c --> (2) h_c + nadh_c + glyclt_c","officialName":"Glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1415","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GDMANE","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gdpddman_c --> gdpofuc_c","officialName":"GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose epimerase","geneAssociation":"b2052","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GDPDPK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gdp_c --> h_c + amp_c + ppgpp_c","officialName":"GDP diphosphokinase","geneAssociation":"b2784 or b3650","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GDPMNH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gdpmann_c --> h_c + gdp_c + man_c","officialName":"GDP-mannose mannosyl hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b2051","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GDPMNP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gdpmann_c --> (2) h_c + gmp_c + man1p_c","officialName":"GDP-mannose phyrophosphatase","geneAssociation":"b2467","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GDPTPDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gdptp_c --> ppi_c + gtp_c","officialName":"Guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-triphosphate 3'-diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3650","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GDPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gdp_e <==> gdp_p","officialName":"GDP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GF6PTA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gln__L_c + f6p_c --> glu__L_c + gam6p_c","officialName":"Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase","geneAssociation":"b3729","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GGGABADr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nadp_c + ggbutal_c <==> (2) h_c + nadph_c + gg4abut_c","officialName":"Gamma-glutamyl-gamma aminobutyric acid dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1300","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GGGABAH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gg4abut_c --> 4abut_c + glu__L_c","officialName":"Gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b1298","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GGPTRCO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + o2_c + ggptrc_c --> nh4_c + h2o2_c + ggbutal_c","officialName":"Gamma glutamyl putrescine oxidase","geneAssociation":"b1301","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GGPTRCS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glu__L_c + ptrc_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ggptrc_c","officialName":"Gamma glutamyl putrescine synthase","geneAssociation":"b1297","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GHBDHx","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + sucsal_c <==> nad_c + ghb_c","officialName":"Gamma-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (NADH)","geneAssociation":"b3882","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GHMT2r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thf_c + ser__L_c <==> h2o_c + gly_c + mlthf_c","officialName":"Glycine hydroxymethyltransferase, reversible","geneAssociation":"b2551","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GK1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gmp_c <==> adp_c + gdp_c","officialName":"Guanylate kinase (GMP:ATP)","geneAssociation":"b3648","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"GLBRAN2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glycogen_c --> bglycogen_c","officialName":"1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme (glycogen -> bglycogen)","geneAssociation":"b3432","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCATr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + glc__D_c <==> coa_c + acglc__D_c","officialName":"D-glucose O-acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0459","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCDpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + q8_c + glc__D_p --> h_p + q8h2_c + glcn_p","officialName":"Glucose dehydrogenase (ubiquinone-8 as acceptor) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0124 or b0837","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + glcn_p <==> h_c + glcn_c","officialName":"D-gluconate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4321 or b4476 or b3415 or b4265","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glcn_e <==> glcn_p","officialName":"D-gluconate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + glycogen_c --> g1p_c","officialName":"Glycogen phosphorylase","geneAssociation":"b3428 or b3417","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCP2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + bglycogen_c --> g1p_c","officialName":"Glycogen phosphorylase","geneAssociation":"b3417 or b3428","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCRAL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"5dh4dglc_c --> pyr_c + 2h3oppan_c","officialName":"5-dehydro-4-deoxyglucarate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b3126","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCRD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glcr_c --> h2o_c + 5dh4dglc_c","officialName":"Glucarate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b2788 or b2787","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCRt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + glcr_p <==> h_c + glcr_c","officialName":"D-glucarate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3127 or b2789","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCRtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glcr_e <==> glcr_p","officialName":"D-glucarate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adpglc_c --> adp_c + h_c + glycogen_c","officialName":"Glycogen synthase (ADPGlc)","geneAssociation":"b3429","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCTR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpg_c + icolipa_c --> h_c + udp_c + gicolipa_c","officialName":"Glucosyltransferase I (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3631","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCTR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gagicolipa_c + udpg_c --> h_c + udp_c + ggagicolipa_c","officialName":"Glucosyltransferase II (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3627","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCTR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpg_c + ggagicolipa_c --> h_c + udp_c + gggagicolipa_c","officialName":"Glucosyltransferase III (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3626","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCUR1Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glcur1p_e <==> glcur1p_p","officialName":"D-glucuronate 1-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCURt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + glcur_p <==> h_c + glcur_c","officialName":"D-glucuronate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3909 or b3093","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCURtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glcur_e <==> glcur_p","officialName":"D-glucuronat transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + glc__D_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + glc__D_c","officialName":"D-glucose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2149 and b2150 and b2148","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + glc__D_p --> g6p_c + pyr_c","officialName":"D-glucose transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b2417 and b1621 and b2415 and b2416) or (b2417 and b1101 and b2415 and b2416) or (b1817 and b1818 and b1819 and b2415 and b2416)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + glc__D_p --> h_c + glc__D_c","officialName":"D-glucose transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2943","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCtex_copy1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glc__D_e <==> glc__D_p","officialName":"Glucose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLCtex_copy2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glc__D_e --> glc__D_p","officialName":"Glucose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4036","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLDBRAN2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"bglycogen_c --> glycogen_c","officialName":"Glycogen debranching enzyme (bglycogen -> glycogen)","geneAssociation":"b3431","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLGC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + g1p_c --> ppi_c + adpglc_c","officialName":"Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3430","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLNS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + nh4_c + glu__L_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + gln__L_c","officialName":"Glutamine synthetase","geneAssociation":"b3870 or b1297","subsystem":"Glutamate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLNTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gln__L_c + trnagln_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + glntrna_c","officialName":"Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0680","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"GLNabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gln__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + gln__L_c","officialName":"L-glutamine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0811 and b0810 and b0809","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gln__L_e <==> gln__L_p","officialName":"L-glutamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLTPD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + galt1p_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + tag6p__D_c","officialName":"Galactitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2091","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLU5K","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glu__L_c --> adp_c + glu5p_c","officialName":"Glutamate 5-kinase","geneAssociation":"b0242","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUABUTt7pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4abut_c + glu__L_p <==> glu__L_c + 4abut_p","officialName":"4-aminobutyrate/glutamate antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1492","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUCYS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glu__L_c + cys__L_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + glucys_c","officialName":"Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase","geneAssociation":"b2688","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + glu__L_c --> co2_c + 4abut_c","officialName":"Glutamate Decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b3517 or b1493","subsystem":"Glutamate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUDy","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nadp_c + glu__L_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + nh4_c + akg_c","officialName":"Glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP)","geneAssociation":"b1761","subsystem":"Glutamate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gln__L_c --> nh4_c + glu__L_c","officialName":"Glutaminase","geneAssociation":"b1812 or b0485 or b1524","subsystem":"Glutamate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUNpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + gln__L_p --> nh4_p + glu__L_p","officialName":"Glutaminase","geneAssociation":"b2957","subsystem":"Glutamate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUPRT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gln__L_c + prpp_c --> ppi_c + glu__L_c + pram_c","officialName":"Glutamine phosphoribosyldiphosphate amidotransferase","geneAssociation":"b2312","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUR","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu__D_c <==> glu__L_c","officialName":"Glutamate racemase","geneAssociation":"b3967","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUSy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + akg_c + gln__L_c --> nadp_c + (2) glu__L_c","officialName":"Glutamate synthase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"b3212 and b3213","subsystem":"Glutamate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUTRR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + glutrna_c --> nadp_c + glu1sa_c + trnaglu_c","officialName":"Glutamyl-tRNA reductase","geneAssociation":"b1210","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glu__L_c + trnaglu_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + glutrna_c","officialName":"Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b2400","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + glu__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + glu__L_c","officialName":"L-glutamate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0655 and b0654 and b0653 and b0652","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + glu__L_p <==> h_c + glu__L_c","officialName":"L-glutamate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4077","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + glu__L_p --> glu__L_c + na1_c","officialName":"Na+/glutamate symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3653","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLUtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu__L_e <==> glu__L_p","officialName":"L-glutamate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLXCL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + (2) glx_c --> co2_c + 2h3oppan_c","officialName":"Glyoxalate carboligase","geneAssociation":"b0507","subsystem":"Glyoxylate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYALDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyald_e <==> glyald_p","officialName":"Glyceraldehyde transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYALDtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyald_p <==> glyald_c","officialName":"Glyceraldehyde facilitated diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3927","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYAT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + gly_c <==> coa_c + 2aobut_c","officialName":"Glycine C-acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3617","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYBabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + glyb_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + glyb_c","officialName":"Glycine betaine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2128 and b2129 and b2130 and b2131","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYBt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + glyb_p --> h_c + glyb_c","officialName":"Glycine betaine transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1801 or b4111","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYBtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyb_e <==> glyb_p","officialName":"Glycine betaine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYC2Pabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + glyc2p_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + glyc2p_c","officialName":"Sn-Glycerol 2-phosphate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3452 and b3453 and b3450 and b3451","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYC2Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc2p_e <==> glyc2p_p","officialName":"Glycerol-2-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0241 or b0929 or b1377","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYC3Pabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + glyc3p_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3452 and b3453 and b3450 and b3451","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYC3Pt6pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + glyc3p_p --> pi_p + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate : phosphate antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2240","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYC3Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_e <==> glyc3p_p","officialName":"Glycerol-3-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCAt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + glyc__R_p <==> h_c + glyc__R_c","officialName":"D-glycerate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2789 or b3127","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc__R_e <==> glyc__R_p","officialName":"D-glycerate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCDx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + glyc_c --> h_c + nadh_c + dha_c","officialName":"Glycerol dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b3945","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glyc__R_c --> adp_c + h_c + 3pg_c","officialName":"Glycerate kinase","geneAssociation":"b0514","subsystem":"Glyoxylate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCK2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glyc__R_c --> adp_c + h_c + 2pg_c","officialName":"Glycerate kinase","geneAssociation":"b3124","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + thf_c + gly_c --> nadh_c + nh4_c + co2_c + mlthf_c","officialName":"Glycine Cleavage System","geneAssociation":"b2904 and b2903 and b2905 and b0116","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCLTDx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + glx_c --> nad_c + glyclt_c","officialName":"Glycolate dehydrogenase (NAD)","geneAssociation":"b3553 or b1033","subsystem":"Glyoxylate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCLTDy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + glx_c --> nadp_c + glyclt_c","officialName":"Glycolate dehydrogenase (NADP)","geneAssociation":"b1033 or b3553","subsystem":"Glyoxylate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCLTt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + glyclt_p <==> h_c + glyclt_c","officialName":"Glycolate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3603 or b2975","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCLTt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + glyclt_p --> na1_c + glyclt_c","officialName":"Glycolate transport via sodium symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4067","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCLTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyclt_e <==> glyclt_p","officialName":"Glycolate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCTO2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"q8_c + glyclt_c --> q8h2_c + glx_c","officialName":"Glycolate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b2979 and b4467 and b4468","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCTO3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mqn8_c + glyclt_c --> mql8_c + glx_c","officialName":"Glycolate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b2979 and b4467 and b4468","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCTO4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2dmmq8_c + glyclt_c --> 2dmmql8_c + glx_c","officialName":"Glycolate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b2979 and b4467 and b4468","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc_e <==> glyc_p","officialName":"Glycerol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYCtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc_c <==> glyc_p","officialName":"Glycerol transport via channel (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3927 or s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glyc_c --> adp_c + h_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Glycerol kinase","geneAssociation":"b3926","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYOX","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + lgt__S_c --> h_c + lac__D_c + gthrd_c","officialName":"Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0212","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYOX3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + mthgxl_c --> h_c + lac__D_c","officialName":"Glyoxalase III","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gly_c + trnagly_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + glytrna_c","officialName":"Glycyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b3559 and b3560","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + gly_p --> h_c + gly_c","officialName":"Glycine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4208 or b1801","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + gly_p <==> h_c + gly_c","officialName":"Glycine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + gly_p --> na1_c + gly_c","officialName":"Glycine transport in via sodium symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0007","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GLYtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gly_e <==> gly_p","officialName":"Glycine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GMAND","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gdpmann_c --> h2o_c + gdpddman_c","officialName":"GDP-D-mannose dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b2053","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GMHEPAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + gmhep1p_c --> ppi_c + adphep_DD_c","officialName":"D-glycero-D-manno-hepose 1-phosphate adenyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3052","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"GMHEPK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gmhep7p_c --> adp_c + h_c + gmhep17bp_c","officialName":"D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate kinase","geneAssociation":"b3052","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"GMHEPPA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gmhep17bp_c --> pi_c + gmhep1p_c","officialName":"D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0200","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"GMPR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + nadph_c + gmp_c --> nadp_c + nh4_c + imp_c","officialName":"GMP reductase","geneAssociation":"b0104","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GMPS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gln__L_c + xmp_c --> (2) h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + glu__L_c + gmp_c","officialName":"GMP synthase","geneAssociation":"b2507","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gmp_e <==> gmp_p","officialName":"GMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GND","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + 6pgc_c --> nadph_c + co2_c + ru5p__D_c","officialName":"Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2029","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"GNK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glcn_c --> adp_c + h_c + 6pgc_c","officialName":"Gluconokinase","geneAssociation":"b4268 or b3437","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GOFUCR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + gdpofuc_c --> nadp_c + gdpfuc_c","officialName":"GDP-4-oxo-L-fucose reductase","geneAssociation":"b2052","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GP4GH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gp4g_c --> (2) h_c + (2) gdp_c","officialName":"Gp4G hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0049","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + g3pc_c --> h_c + glyc3p_c + chol_c","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphocholine)","geneAssociation":"b3449","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + g3pc_p --> h_p + chol_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphocholine)","geneAssociation":"b2239","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + g3pe_c --> h_c + glyc3p_c + etha_c","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphoethanolamine)","geneAssociation":"b3449","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + g3pe_p --> h_p + etha_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphoethanolamine)","geneAssociation":"b2239","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + g3ps_c --> h_c + glyc3p_c + ser__L_c","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphoserine)","geneAssociation":"b3449","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + g3ps_p --> h_p + glyc3p_p + ser__L_p","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphoserine)","geneAssociation":"b2239","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + g3pg_c --> h_c + glyc_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphoglycerol)","geneAssociation":"b3449","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + g3pg_p --> h_p + glyc_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphoglycerol)","geneAssociation":"b2239","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + g3pi_c --> h_c + glyc3p_c + inost_c","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphoinositol)","geneAssociation":"b3449","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GPDDA5pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + g3pi_p --> h_p + glyc3p_p + inost_p","officialName":"Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (Glycerophosphoinositol)","geneAssociation":"b2239","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GRTT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"grdp_c + ipdp_c --> ppi_c + frdp_c","officialName":"Geranyltranstransferase","geneAssociation":"b0421","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GRXR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) gthrd_c + grxox_c --> gthox_c + grxrd_c","officialName":"Glutaredoxin reductase","geneAssociation":"b1064 or b3610 or b1654 or b0849","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"GSNK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gsn_c --> adp_c + h_c + gmp_c","officialName":"Guanosine kinase","geneAssociation":"b0477","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"GSNt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + gsn_p --> h_c + gsn_c","officialName":"Guanosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2964","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GSNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gsn_e <==> gsn_p","officialName":"Guanosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GSPMDA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gtspmd_c --> gthrd_c + spmd_c","officialName":"Glutathionylspermidine amidase","geneAssociation":"b2988","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GSPMDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gthrd_c + spmd_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + gtspmd_c","officialName":"Glutathionylspermidine synthetase","geneAssociation":"b2988","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GTHOXtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gthox_e <==> gthox_p","officialName":"Glutathione (ox) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GTHOr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + gthox_c <==> nadp_c + (2) gthrd_c","officialName":"Glutathione oxidoreductase","geneAssociation":"b3500","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GTHPi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o2_c + (2) gthrd_c --> (2) h2o_c + gthox_c","officialName":"Glutathione peridoxase","geneAssociation":"b1710","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"GTHRDHpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + gthrd_p --> cgly_p + glu__L_p","officialName":"Glutathione hydralase (periplasmic)","geneAssociation":"b3447","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GTHRDabc2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gthrd_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + gthrd_p","officialName":"Glutathione export via ABC system (cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0886 and b0887","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GTHRDabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gthrd_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + gthrd_c","officialName":"Reduced glutathione via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0829 and b0830 and b0831 and b0832","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GTHRDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gthrd_e <==> gthrd_p","officialName":"Glutathione transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GTHS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gly_c + glucys_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + gthrd_c","officialName":"Glutathione synthetase","geneAssociation":"b2947","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GTPCI","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gtp_c --> h_c + for_c + ahdt_c","officialName":"GTP cyclohydrolase I","geneAssociation":"b2153","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GTPCII2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h2o_c + gtp_c --> (2) h_c + ppi_c + for_c + 25drapp_c","officialName":"GTP cyclohydrolase II (25drapp)","geneAssociation":"b1277","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GTPDPDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gdptp_c --> h_c + pi_c + ppgpp_c","officialName":"Guanosine-5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3779","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GTPDPK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gtp_c --> h_c + amp_c + gdptp_c","officialName":"GTP diphosphokinase","geneAssociation":"b2784","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"GTPHs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + gtp_c --> nh4_c + xtp_c","officialName":"GTP amine hydrolysis (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"GTPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gtp_e <==> gtp_p","officialName":"GTP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"GUACYC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gtp_c --> ppi_c + 35cgmp_c","officialName":"Guanylate cyclase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"GUAD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + h_c + gua_c --> nh4_c + xan_c","officialName":"Guanine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b2883","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"GUAPRT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"prpp_c + gua_c --> ppi_c + gmp_c","officialName":"Guanine phosphoribosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0238 or b0125","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"GUAt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + gua_p --> h_c + gua_c","officialName":"Guanine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3654","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GUAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gua_e <==> gua_p","officialName":"Guanine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0411","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GUAtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gua_p <==> gua_c","officialName":"Guanine transport via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"GUI1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glcur_c <==> fruur_c","officialName":"Glucuronate isomerase (D-glucuronate)","geneAssociation":"b3092","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GUI2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"galur_c <==> tagur_c","officialName":"Glucuronate isomerase (D-galacturonate)","geneAssociation":"b3092","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"GUR1PPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + glcur1p_p --> pi_p + glcur_p","officialName":"Glucuronate 1-phosphate phosphatase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"H2O2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o2_e <==> h2o2_p","officialName":"Hydrogen peroxide transport via diffusion (external)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"H2Otex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_e <==> h2o_p","officialName":"H2O transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001 or b0957 or b3875 or b2215 or b0241 or b1319 or b1377 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"H2Otpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p <==> h2o_c","officialName":"H2O transport via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001 or b0875","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"H2SO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) o2_c + h2s_c --> (2) h_c + so4_c","officialName":"Hydrogen sulfide oxidation","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"H2St1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2s_c --> h2s_p","officialName":"H2s transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"H2Stex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2s_e <==> h2s_p","officialName":"H2s transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"H2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2_e <==> h2_p","officialName":"Hydrogen transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"H2tpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2_p <==> h2_c","officialName":"Hydrogen transport diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HACD1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + aacoa_c <==> nad_c + 3hbcoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (acetoacetyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HACD2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 3ohcoa_c <==> nad_c + 3hhcoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (3-oxohexanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HACD3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 3oocoa_c <==> nad_c + 3hocoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (3-oxooctanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HACD4","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 3odcoa_c <==> nad_c + 3hdcoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (3-oxodecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HACD5","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 3oddcoa_c <==> nad_c + 3hddcoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (3-oxododecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HACD6","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 3otdcoa_c <==> nad_c + 3htdcoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (3-oxotetradecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HACD7","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 3ohdcoa_c <==> nad_c + 3hhdcoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (3-oxohexadecanoyl-CoA)","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HACD8","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 3ohodcoa_c <==> nad_c + 3hodcoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA), peroxisomal","geneAssociation":"b3846 or b2341","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HADPCOADH3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + 3hadpcoa_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + oxadpcoa_c","officialName":"3-hydroxyadipyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NAD+)","geneAssociation":"b1395","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HBZOPT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4hbz_c + octdp_c --> ppi_c + 3ophb_c","officialName":"Hydroxybenzoate octaprenyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b4040","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"HCINNMt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + 3hcinnm_p <==> h_c + 3hcinnm_c","officialName":"3-hydroxycinnamic acid transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0353","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HCINNMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hcinnm_e <==> 3hcinnm_p","officialName":"3-hydroxycinnamic acid transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"HCO3E","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + co2_c <==> h_c + hco3_c","officialName":"HCO3 equilibration reaction","geneAssociation":"b0126 or b0339","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"HCYSMT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amet_c + hcys__L_c --> h_c + ahcys_c + met__L_c","officialName":"Homocysteine S-methyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0261","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HCYSMT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hcys__L_c + mmet_c --> h_c + (2) met__L_c","officialName":"Homocysteine Methyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0261","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HDCAtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hdca_e --> hdca_p","officialName":"Hexadecanoate transport via facilitated irreversible diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2344","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HDCEAtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hdcea_e --> hdcea_p","officialName":"Hexadecenoate transport via facilitated irreversible diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2344","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HEMEOS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pheme_c + frdp_c --> ppi_c + hemeO_c","officialName":"Heme O synthase","geneAssociation":"b0428","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"HEPK1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + hhlipa_c --> adp_c + h_c + phhlipa_c","officialName":"LPS heptose kinase I (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3630","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"HEPK2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + hphhlipa_c --> adp_c + h_c + phphhlipa_c","officialName":"LPS heptose kinase II (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3625","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"HEPT1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adphep_LD_c + lipa_c --> adp_c + h_c + hlipa_c","officialName":"Heptosyltransferase I (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3621","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"HEPT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adphep_LD_c + hlipa_c --> adp_c + h_c + hhlipa_c","officialName":"Heptosyltransferase II (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3620","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"HEPT3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adphep_LD_c + phhlipa_c --> adp_c + h_c + hphhlipa_c","officialName":"Heptosyltransferase III (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3632","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"HEPT4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adphep_LD_c + gggagicolipa_c --> adp_c + h_c + colipa_c","officialName":"Heptosyltransferase IV (LPS core synthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3623","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"HETZK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 4mhetz_c --> adp_c + h_c + 4mpetz_c","officialName":"Hydroxyethylthiazole kinase","geneAssociation":"b2104","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"HEX1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glc__D_c --> adp_c + h_c + g6p_c","officialName":"Hexokinase (D-glucose:ATP)","geneAssociation":"b2388","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"HEX4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + man_c --> adp_c + h_c + man6p_c","officialName":"Hexokinase (D-mannose:ATP)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HEX7","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + fru_c --> adp_c + h_c + f6p_c","officialName":"Hexokinase (D-fructose:ATP)","geneAssociation":"b0394","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HEXt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + hxa_p <==> h_c + hxa_c","officialName":"Hexanoate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2223","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HG2abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + hg2_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + hg2_p","officialName":"Mercury (Hg+2) ABC transporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3469","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HG2t3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + hg2_c --> h_c + hg2_p","officialName":"Mercury (Hg+2) transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3915","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HG2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hg2_e <==> hg2_p","officialName":"Mercury (Hg+2) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"HISTD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + (2) nad_c + histd_c --> (3) h_c + (2) nadh_c + his__L_c","officialName":"Histidinol dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2020","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HISTP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + hisp_c --> pi_c + histd_c","officialName":"Histidinol-phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b2022","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HISTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + his__L_c + trnahis_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + histrna_c","officialName":"Histidyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b2514","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"HISabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + his__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + his__L_c","officialName":"L-histidine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2309 and b2307 and b2306 and b2308","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HISt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + his__L_p <==> h_c + his__L_c","officialName":"L-histidine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0112","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HIStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"his__L_e <==> his__L_p","officialName":"L-histidine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"HKNDDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + hkndd_c --> h_c + succ_c + op4en_c","officialName":"2-hydroxy-6-ketonona-2,4-dienedioic acid hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0349","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HKNTDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + hkntd_c --> h_c + fum_c + op4en_c","officialName":"2-hydroxy-6-ketononotrienedioate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0349","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HMBS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + (4) ppbng_c --> (4) nh4_c + hmbil_c","officialName":"Hydroxymethylbilane synthase","geneAssociation":"b3805","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"HMPK1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 4ahmmp_c --> adp_c + h_c + 4ampm_c","officialName":"Hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase (ATP)","geneAssociation":"b2103 or b2418","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"HOMt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + hom__L_c --> h_c + hom__L_p","officialName":"L-homoserineserine efflux via proton symport","geneAssociation":"b0813 or b3824","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HOMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hom__L_e <==> hom__L_p","officialName":"L-homoserine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"HOPNTAL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"4h2opntn_c --> acald_c + pyr_c","officialName":"4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b0352","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HPPK2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 6hmhpt_c --> h_c + amp_c + 6hmhptpp_c","officialName":"6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase","geneAssociation":"b0142","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"HPPPNDO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + dhpppn_c --> h_c + hkndd_c","officialName":"2,3-dihydroxypheylpropionate 1,2-dioxygenase","geneAssociation":"b0348","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HPPPNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + 3hpppn_p <==> h_c + 3hpppn_c","officialName":"3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0353","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"HPPPNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hpppn_e <==> 3hpppn_p","officialName":"3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0929 or b1377 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"HPYRI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hpyr_c <==> 2h3oppan_c","officialName":"Hydroxypyruvate isomerase","geneAssociation":"b0508","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HPYRRx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + hpyr_c --> nad_c + glyc__R_c","officialName":"Hydroxypyruvate reductase (NADH)","geneAssociation":"b1033 or b3553","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HPYRRy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + hpyr_c --> nadp_c + glyc__R_c","officialName":"Hydroxypyruvate reductase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"b1033 or b3553","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HSDy","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + hom__L_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + aspsa_c","officialName":"Homoserine dehydrogenase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"b3940 or b0002","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HSK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + hom__L_c --> adp_c + h_c + phom_c","officialName":"Homoserine kinase","geneAssociation":"b0003","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HSST","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succoa_c + hom__L_c --> coa_c + suchms_c","officialName":"Homoserine O-succinyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b4013","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HSTPT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu__L_c + imacp_c --> akg_c + hisp_c","officialName":"Histidinol-phosphate transaminase","geneAssociation":"b2021","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HXAND","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + hxan_c --> h_c + nadh_c + xan_c","officialName":"Hypoxanthine dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2866 and b2867 and b2868","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"HXAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hxa_e <==> hxa_p","officialName":"Hexanoate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0241 or b0929 or b1377","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"HXCT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + hxa_c --> ac_c + hxcoa_c","officialName":"Acetyl-CoA:hexanoate-CoA transferase","geneAssociation":"b2221 and b2222","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"HXPRT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hxan_c + prpp_c --> ppi_c + imp_c","officialName":"Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hypoxanthine)","geneAssociation":"b0238 or b0125","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"HYD1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + q8_c + h2_c --> (2) h_p + q8h2_c","officialName":"Hydrogenase (ubiquinone-8: 2 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0972 and b0973 and b0974) or (b2994 and b2995 and b2996 and b2997) or (b2719 and b2720 and b2721 and b2722 and b2723 and b2724)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"HYD2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + mqn8_c + h2_c --> (2) h_p + mql8_c","officialName":"Hydrogenase (menaquinone8: 2 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0972 and b0973 and b0974) or (b2994 and b2995 and b2996 and b2997)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"HYD3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + 2dmmq8_c + h2_c --> (2) h_p + 2dmmql8_c","officialName":"Hydrogenase (Demethylmenaquinone-8: 2 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0972 and b0973 and b0974) or (b2994 and b2995 and b2996 and b2997)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"HYPOE","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pyam5p_c --> pi_c + pydam_c","officialName":"Hypothetical enyme","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"HYXNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hxan_e <==> hxan_p","officialName":"Hypoxanthine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"HYXNtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hxan_p <==> hxan_c","officialName":"Hypoxanthine transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"Htex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_e <==> h_p","officialName":"Proton transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0929 or b1377 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"I2FE2SR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2fe1s_c + iscssh_c + iscu_c --> (4) h_c + iscs_c + iscu_2fe2s_c","officialName":"ISC [2Fe-2S] regeneration","geneAssociation":"b2530 and b2529","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"I2FE2SS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) fe2_c + (2) iscssh_c + iscu_c --> (6) h_c + fad_c + (2) iscs_c + iscu_2fe2s_c","officialName":"ISC [2Fe-2S] Synthesis","geneAssociation":"b3807 and b2530 and b2529","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"I2FE2SS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fadh2_c + (2) fe2_c + (2) iscssh_c + iscu_2fe2s_c --> (6) h_c + fad_c + (2) iscs_c + iscu_2fe2s2_c","officialName":"ISC [2Fe-2S] Synthesis II","geneAssociation":"b3807 and b2530 and b2529","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"I2FE2ST","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + iscu_2fe2s_c --> 2fe2s_c + iscu_c","officialName":"ISC [2Fe-2S] Transfer","geneAssociation":"b2528 and b2529","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"I4FE4SR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + fadh2_c + iscu_2fe2s2_c --> fad_c + iscu_4fe4s_c","officialName":"ISC [4Fe-4S] Reduction","geneAssociation":"b2529","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"I4FE4ST","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + iscu_4fe4s_c --> 4fe4s_c + iscu_c","officialName":"ISC [4Fe-4S] Transfer","geneAssociation":"b2528 and b2529","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ICDHyr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + icit_c <==> nadph_c + co2_c + akg_c","officialName":"Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP)","geneAssociation":"b1136","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"ICHORS_copy1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"chor_c <==> ichor_c","officialName":"Isochorismate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2265","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ICHORS_copy2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"chor_c --> ichor_c","officialName":"Isochorismate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0593","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ICHORT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ichor_c --> pyr_c + 23ddhb_c","officialName":"Isochorismatase","geneAssociation":"b0595","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ICL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"icit_c --> succ_c + glx_c","officialName":"Isocitrate lyase","geneAssociation":"b4015","subsystem":"Anaplerotic Reactions"}
{"abbreviation":"ICYSDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cys__L_c + iscs_c --> ala__L_c + iscssh_c","officialName":"ISC Cysteine desulfuration","geneAssociation":"b2530","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"IDOND","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 5dglcn_c <==> nad_c + idon__L_c","officialName":"L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b4267","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"IDOND2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 5dglcn_c --> nadp_c + idon__L_c","officialName":"L-indonate 5-dehydrogenase (NADP)","geneAssociation":"b4267","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"IDONt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + idon__L_p <==> h_c + idon__L_c","officialName":"L-idonate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4265","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"IDONtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"idon__L_e <==> idon__L_p","officialName":"L-idonate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"IG3PS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gln__L_c + prlp_c --> h_c + glu__L_c + aicar_c + eig3p_c","officialName":"Imidazole-glycerol-3-phosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2023 and b2025","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"IGPDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"eig3p_c --> h2o_c + imacp_c","officialName":"Imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b2022","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"IGPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 2cpr5p_c --> h2o_c + co2_c + 3ig3p_c","officialName":"Indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b1262","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ILETA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + ile__L_c <==> glu__L_c + 3mop_c","officialName":"Isoleucine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b3770","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ILETRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ile__L_c + trnaile_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + iletrna_c","officialName":"Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0026","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"ILEabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + ile__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ile__L_c","officialName":"L-isoleucine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3454 and b3455 and b3457 and b3460 and b3456","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ILEt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ile__L_p <==> h_c + ile__L_c","officialName":"L-isoleucine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0401","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ILEtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ile__L_e <==> ile__L_p","officialName":"L-isoleucine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"IMPC","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + imp_c <==> fprica_c","officialName":"IMP cyclohydrolase","geneAssociation":"b4006","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"IMPD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + imp_c --> h_c + nadh_c + xmp_c","officialName":"IMP dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2508","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"IMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"imp_e <==> imp_p","officialName":"IMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"INDOLEt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + indole_c --> h_p + indole_p","officialName":"Indole transport via proton symport, irreversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b3265 and b3266) and b3035","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"INDOLEt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + indole_p <==> h_c + indole_c","officialName":"Indole transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3161","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"INDOLEtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"indole_e <==> indole_p","officialName":"Indole transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"INOSTt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + inost_p --> na1_c + inost_c","officialName":"Na+/myo-inositol symporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3679","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"INSH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ins_c --> hxan_c + rib__D_c","officialName":"Inosine hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0030","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"INSK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ins_c --> adp_c + h_c + imp_c","officialName":"Insosine kinase","geneAssociation":"b0477","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"INSTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"inost_e <==> inost_p","officialName":"Inositol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"INSt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ins_p --> h_c + ins_c","officialName":"Inosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2964","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"INSt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ins_p <==> h_c + ins_c","officialName":"Inosine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2406","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"INStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ins_e <==> ins_p","officialName":"Inosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0411","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"IPDDI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ipdp_c <==> dmpp_c","officialName":"Isopentenyl-diphosphate D-isomerase","geneAssociation":"b2889","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"IPDPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + h2mb4p_c --> h2o_c + nad_c + ipdp_c","officialName":"1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase (ipdp)","geneAssociation":"b0029","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"IPMD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + 3c2hmp_c --> h_c + nadh_c + 3c4mop_c","officialName":"3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0073","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"IPPMIa","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3c2hmp_c <==> h2o_c + 2ippm_c","officialName":"3-isopropylmalate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b0071 and b0072","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"IPPMIb","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2ippm_c <==> 3c3hmp_c","officialName":"2-isopropylmalate hydratase","geneAssociation":"b0071 and b0072","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"IPPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + accoa_c + 3mob_c --> h_c + coa_c + 3c3hmp_c","officialName":"2-isopropylmalate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0074","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ISETACabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + isetac_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + isetac_c","officialName":"Isethionate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0365 and b0366 and b0367) or (b0936 and b0933 and b0934)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ISETACtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"isetac_e <==> isetac_p","officialName":"Isethionate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"K2L4Aabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + kdo2lipid4_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + kdo2lipid4_p","officialName":"KDO(2)-lipid IV A transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"K2L4Aabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + kdo2lipid4_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + kdo2lipid4_e","officialName":"KDO(2)-lipid IV A transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"KARA1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + 23dhmb_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + alac__S_c","officialName":"Ketol-acid reductoisomerase (2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate)","geneAssociation":"b3774","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"KARA2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 2ahbut_c <==> nadp_c + 23dhmp_c","officialName":"Ketol-acid reductoisomerase (2-Acetolactate)","geneAssociation":"b3774","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"KAS14","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + acACP_c --> actACP_c + ACP_c + co2_c","officialName":"Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase","geneAssociation":"b2323 or b1095","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"KAS15","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + accoa_c --> actACP_c + co2_c + coa_c","officialName":"Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (2)","geneAssociation":"b1091","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"KDOCT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ctp_c + kdo_c --> ppi_c + ckdo_c","officialName":"3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0918","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"KDOPP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + kdo8p_c --> pi_c + kdo_c","officialName":"3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate-8-phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3198","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"KDOPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ara5p_c + pep_c --> pi_c + kdo8p_c","officialName":"3-deoxy -D-manno-octulosonic -acid 8-phosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b1215","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"KG6PDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 3dhgulnp_c --> co2_c + xu5p__L_c","officialName":"3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b4196 or b3581","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"Kabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + k_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + k_c","officialName":"Potassium ABC transporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0698 and b0697 and b0696) or (b0698 and b0697 and b0696 and b4513)","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"Kt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + k_p --> h_c + k_c","officialName":"Potassium transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b1291 and b3290 and b3849) or b1250 or (b1291 and b3290 and b1363) or b3747","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"Kt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + k_c --> h_c + k_p","officialName":"Potassium transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1216 or b0842 or b3350 or b0047","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"Ktex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"k_e <==> k_p","officialName":"Potassium transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"LA4NTpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"colipa_p + uLa4n_p --> acolipa_p + udcpp_p","officialName":"4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinotransferase (LPS lipid A modification, periplasmic face of membrane))","geneAssociation":"b2257","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LACZ","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + lcts_c --> glc__D_c + gal_c","officialName":"B-galactosidase","geneAssociation":"b0344","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LACZpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + lcts_p --> glc__D_p + gal_p","officialName":"B-galactosidase","geneAssociation":"b2132","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LADGMDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + LalaDgluMdap_c --> LalaDglu_c + 26dap__M_c","officialName":"L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b1326","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LALADGLUtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"LalaDglu_e <==> LalaDglu_p","officialName":"L-alanyl-D-glutamate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"LALADGLUtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + LalaDglu_p --> h_c + LalaDglu_c","officialName":"L-alanyl-D-glutamate transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1634 or b3496 or b4130 or b0709","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LALALGLUtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"LalaLglu_e <==> LalaLglu_p","officialName":"L-alanyl-L-glutamate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"LALALGLUtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + LalaLglu_p --> h_c + LalaLglu_c","officialName":"L-alanyl-L-glutamate transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1634 or b3496 or b4130 or b0709","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LALDO2x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + mthgxl_c --> nad_c + lald__D_c","officialName":"D-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase","geneAssociation":"b3945","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LALDO3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + mthgxl_c --> nadp_c + lald__L_c","officialName":"L-Lactaldehyde:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LALGP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + LalaLglu_c --> glu__L_c + ala__L_c","officialName":"L-alanyl-gamma-L-glutamate peptidase","geneAssociation":"b0237","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LCADi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + lald__L_c --> (2) h_c + nadh_c + lac__L_c","officialName":"Lactaldehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1415","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LCARR","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + lald__D_c <==> 12ppd__R_c + nad_c","officialName":"Lacaldehyde reductase (R-propane-1,2-diol forming)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LCARS","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + lald__L_c <==> 12ppd__S_c + nad_c","officialName":"Lacaldehyde reductase (S-propane-1,2-diol forming)","geneAssociation":"b2799","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LCTSt3ipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + lcts_c --> h_c + lcts_p","officialName":"Lactose transport via proton aniport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2170 or b0070 or b1528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LCTStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lcts_e <==> lcts_p","officialName":"Lactose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"LCTStpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + lcts_p <==> h_c + lcts_c","officialName":"Lactose transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0343","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LDH_D","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + lac__D_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + pyr_c","officialName":"D-lactate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2133 or b1380","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LDH_D2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lac__D_c + q8_c --> pyr_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"D-lactate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2133","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"LEUTAi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu__L_c + 4mop_c --> akg_c + leu__L_c","officialName":"Leucine transaminase (irreversible)","geneAssociation":"b3770 or b4054","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LEUTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + leu__L_c + trnaleu_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + leutrna_c","officialName":"Leucyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0642","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"LEUabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + leu__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + leu__L_c","officialName":"L-leucine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b3454 and b3455 and b3457 and b3460 and b3456) or (b3454 and b3455 and b3457 and b3458 and b3456)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LEUt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + leu__L_p <==> h_c + leu__L_c","officialName":"L-leucine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0401","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LEUtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"leu__L_e <==> leu__L_p","officialName":"L-leucine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"LGTHL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mthgxl_c + gthrd_c --> lgt__S_c","officialName":"Lactoylglutathione lyase","geneAssociation":"b1651","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPACabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + lipa_cold_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + lipa_cold_p","officialName":"Lipid (cold) A transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPAHT2ex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_e + colipa_e + hdca_e --> h2o_e + hacolipa_e","officialName":"Core oligosaccharide lipid A:hexadecanoate transferase (n-C16:0) (extracellular membrane)","geneAssociation":"b0622","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPAHTex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_e + hdca_e + lipa_e --> h2o_e + halipa_e","officialName":"Lipid A:hexadecanoate transferase (n-C16:0) (extracellular membrane)","geneAssociation":"b0622","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPAMPL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lipoamp_c --> amp_c + lipopb_c","officialName":"Lipoyl-adenylate protein ligase","geneAssociation":"b4386","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPATPT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + lipoate_c --> ppi_c + lipoamp_c","officialName":"Lipoate-ATP adenylate transferase","geneAssociation":"b4386","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPAabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + lipa_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + lipa_p","officialName":"Lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPAabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + lipa_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + lipa_e","officialName":"Lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPOCT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ocACP_c --> ACP_c + octapb_c","officialName":"Lipoyl(octanoyl) transferase","geneAssociation":"b0630","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPOS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nad_c + (2) amet_c + 4fe4s_c + octapb_c --> nadh_c + (2) dad_5_c + (2) fe2_c + 2fe2s_c + lipopb_c + (2) met__L_c","officialName":"Lipoate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0628","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPOt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + lipoate_p --> h_c + lipoate_c","officialName":"Lipoate transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LIPOtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lipoate_e <==> lipoate_p","officialName":"Lipoate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"LPADSS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lipidX_c + u23ga_c --> h_c + udp_c + lipidAds_c","officialName":"Lipid A disaccaride synthase","geneAssociation":"b0182","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1A120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1ddecg3p_p --> h_p + ddca_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1A140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1tdecg3p_p --> h_p + ttdca_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1A141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1tdec7eg3p_p --> h_p + ttdcea_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1A160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1hdecg3p_p --> h_p + hdca_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1A161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1hdec9eg3p_p --> h_p + hdcea_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1A180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1odecg3p_p --> h_p + ocdca_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1A181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1odec11eg3p_p --> h_p + ocdcea_p + glyc3p_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1E120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpe120_p --> h_p + ddca_p + g3pe_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1E140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpe140_p --> h_p + ttdca_p + g3pe_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1E141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpe141_p --> h_p + ttdcea_p + g3pe_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1E160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpe160_p --> h_p + hdca_p + g3pe_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1E161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpe161_p --> h_p + hdcea_p + g3pe_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1E180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpe180_p --> h_p + ocdca_p + g3pe_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1E181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpe181_p --> h_p + ocdcea_p + g3pe_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1G120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpg120_p --> h_p + ddca_p + g3pg_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1G140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpg140_p --> h_p + ttdca_p + g3pg_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1G141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpg141_p --> h_p + ttdcea_p + g3pg_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1G160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpg160_p --> h_p + hdca_p + g3pg_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1G161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpg161_p --> h_p + hdcea_p + g3pg_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1G180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpg180_p --> h_p + ocdca_p + g3pg_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL1G181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + 1agpg181_p --> h_p + ocdcea_p + g3pg_p","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L1 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0494","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2A120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2ddecg3p_c --> (2) h_c + ddca_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2A140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2tdecg3p_c --> (2) h_c + ttdca_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2A141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2tdec7eg3p_c --> (2) h_c + ttdcea_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2A160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2hdecg3p_c --> (2) h_c + hdca_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2A161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2hdec9eg3p_c --> (2) h_c + hdcea_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2A180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2odecg3p_c --> (2) h_c + ocdca_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2A181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2odec11eg3p_c --> (2) h_c + ocdcea_c + glyc3p_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphotidate, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATE120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe120_c + pg120_c --> g3pe_c + apg120_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATE140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe140_c + pg140_c --> g3pe_c + apg140_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATE141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe141_c + pg141_c --> g3pe_c + apg141_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATE160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe160_c + pg160_c --> g3pe_c + apg160_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATE161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe161_c + pg161_c --> g3pe_c + apg161_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATE180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe180_c + pg180_c --> g3pe_c + apg180_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATE181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpe181_c + pg181_c --> g3pe_c + apg181_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATG120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg120_c + pg120_c --> g3pg_c + apg120_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoglycerol, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATG140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg140_c + pg140_c --> g3pg_c + apg140_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoglycerol, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATG141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg141_c + pg141_c --> g3pg_c + apg141_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoglycerol, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATG160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg160_c + pg160_c --> g3pg_c + apg160_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoglycerol, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATG161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg161_c + pg161_c --> g3pg_c + apg161_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoglycerol, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATG180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg180_c + pg180_c --> g3pg_c + apg180_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoglycerol, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2ATG181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2agpg181_c + pg181_c --> g3pg_c + apg181_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (acyltransferase, 2-acyl-glycerophosphoglycerol, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2E120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpe120_c --> h_c + ddca_c + g3pe_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2E140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpe140_c --> h_c + ttdca_c + g3pe_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2E141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpe141_c --> h_c + ttdcea_c + g3pe_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2E160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpe160_c --> h_c + hdca_c + g3pe_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2E161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpe161_c --> h_c + hdcea_c + g3pe_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2E180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpe180_c --> h_c + ocdca_c + g3pe_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2E181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpe181_c --> h_c + ocdcea_c + g3pe_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoethanolamine, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2G120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpg120_c --> h_c + ddca_c + g3pg_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2G140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpg140_c --> h_c + ttdca_c + g3pg_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2G141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpg141_c --> h_c + ttdcea_c + g3pg_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2G160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpg160_c --> h_c + hdca_c + g3pg_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2G161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpg161_c --> h_c + hdcea_c + g3pg_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2G180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpg180_c --> h_c + ocdca_c + g3pg_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LPLIPAL2G181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2agpg181_c --> h_c + ocdcea_c + g3pg_c","officialName":"Lysophospholipase L2 (2-acylglycerophosphoglycerol, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b3825","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LSERDHr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + ser__L_c <==> h_c + nadph_c + 2amsa_c","officialName":"L-serine dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1539","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LYSDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + lys__L_c --> co2_c + 15dap_c","officialName":"Lysine decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b0186 or b4131","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LYSTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + lys__L_c + trnalys_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + lystrna_c","officialName":"Lysyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b4129 or b2890","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"LYSabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + lys__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + lys__L_c","officialName":"L-lysine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2310 and b2307 and b2306 and b2308","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LYSt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + lys__L_p --> h_c + lys__L_c","officialName":"L-lysine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2156","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LYSt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + lys__L_c --> h_c + lys__L_p","officialName":"L-lysine transport out via proton antiport (cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2923","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LYStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lys__L_e <==> lys__L_p","officialName":"L-lysine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"LYXI","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lyx__L_c --> xylu__L_c","officialName":"Lyxose isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3903","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"LYXt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + lyx__L_p --> h_c + lyx__L_c","officialName":"L-Lyxose transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3907","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"LYXtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lyx__L_e <==> lyx__L_p","officialName":"L-Lyxose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"L_LACD2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"q8_c + lac__L_c --> pyr_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"L-Lactate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone)","geneAssociation":"b3605 or (b0306 and b0307 and b0308)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"L_LACD3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mqn8_c + lac__L_c --> pyr_c + mql8_c","officialName":"L-Lactate dehydrogenase (menaquinone)","geneAssociation":"b3605 or (b0306 and b0307 and b0308)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"L_LACt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + lac__L_p <==> h_c + lac__L_c","officialName":"L-lactate reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3603 or b2975","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"L_LACtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"lac__L_e <==> lac__L_p","officialName":"L-lactate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0929 or b1377 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"M1PD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + mnl1p_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + f6p_c","officialName":"Mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b3600","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MACPD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c --> co2_c + acACP_c","officialName":"Malonyl-ACP decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b2323","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MALCOAMT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"malcoa_c + amet_c --> ahcys_c + malcoame_c","officialName":"Malonyl-CoA methyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0777","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MALDDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + mal__D_c --> nadh_c + co2_c + pyr_c","officialName":"Malate decarboxylating oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)","geneAssociation":"b1800","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MALDt2_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + mal__D_p --> (2) h_c + mal__D_c","officialName":"D-Malate transport via proton symport (2 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mal__D_e <==> mal__D_p","officialName":"D-Malate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MALS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + accoa_c + glx_c --> h_c + coa_c + mal__L_c","officialName":"Malate synthase","geneAssociation":"b4014 or b2976","subsystem":"Anaplerotic Reactions"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTATr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + malt_c <==> coa_c + acmalt_c","officialName":"Maltose O-acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0459","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTHXabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + malthx_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + malthx_c","officialName":"Maltohexaose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4034 and b4033 and b4032 and b4035","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTHXtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"malthx_e --> malthx_p","officialName":"Maltohexaose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm) irreversible","geneAssociation":"b4036","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTPTabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + maltpt_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + maltpt_c","officialName":"Maltopentaose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4034 and b4033 and b4032 and b4035","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTPTtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"maltpt_e --> maltpt_p","officialName":"MaltopentaoseMaltotriose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm) irreversible","geneAssociation":"b4036","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTTRabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + malttr_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + malttr_c","officialName":"Maltotriose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4034 and b4033 and b4032 and b4035","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTTRtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"malttr_e --> malttr_p","officialName":"Maltotriose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm) irreversible","geneAssociation":"b4036","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTTTRabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + maltttr_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + maltttr_c","officialName":"Maltotetraose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4034 and b4033 and b4032 and b4035","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTTTRtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"maltttr_e --> maltttr_p","officialName":"MaltotetraoseMaltotriose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm) irreversible","geneAssociation":"b4036","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + malt_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + malt_c","officialName":"Maltose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4034 and b4033 and b4032 and b4035","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + malt_p --> pyr_c + malt6p_c","officialName":"Maltose transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2417 and b1621 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALTtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"malt_e --> malt_p","officialName":"MaltoseMaltotriose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm) irreversible","geneAssociation":"b4036","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALt2_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + mal__L_p --> (2) h_c + mal__L_c","officialName":"Malate transport via proton symport (2 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALt2_3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_p + mal__L_p --> (3) h_c + mal__L_c","officialName":"Malate transport via proton symport (3 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4123 or b4138","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + mal__L_c --> h_c + mal__L_p","officialName":"L-malate transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MALtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mal__L_e <==> mal__L_p","officialName":"Malate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MAN1PT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + gdp_c + man1p_c --> pi_c + gdpmann_c","officialName":"Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (GDP)","geneAssociation":"b2049","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MAN6PI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"man6p_c <==> f6p_c","officialName":"Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase","geneAssociation":"b1613","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MAN6Pt6_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) pi_c + man6p_p --> (2) pi_p + man6p_c","officialName":"Mannose-6-phosphate transport via phosphate antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3666","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MAN6Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"man6p_e <==> man6p_p","officialName":"Mannose 6-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MANAO","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + mana_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + fruur_c","officialName":"Mannonate oxidoreductase","geneAssociation":"b4323","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MANGLYCptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + manglyc_p --> pyr_c + man6pglyc_c","officialName":"2-O-alpha-mannosyl-D-glycerate transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0731 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MANGLYCtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"manglyc_e <==> manglyc_p","officialName":"2-O-alpha-mannosyl-D-glycerate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MANPGH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + man6pglyc_c --> glyc__R_c + man6p_c","officialName":"2-O-alpha-mannosyl-6-phosphate-D-glycerate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0732","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MANptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + man_p --> pyr_c + man6p_c","officialName":"D-mannose transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1817 and b1818 and b1819 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MANtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"man_e <==> man_p","officialName":"D-mannose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MCITD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2mcit_c --> h2o_c + 2mcacn_c","officialName":"2-methylcitrate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b0334","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MCITL2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"micit_c <==> pyr_c + succ_c","officialName":"Methylisocitrate lyase","geneAssociation":"b0331","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MCITS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ppcoa_c + oaa_c --> h_c + coa_c + 2mcit_c","officialName":"2-methylcitrate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0333","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MCOATA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ACP_c + malcoa_c <==> malACP_c + coa_c","officialName":"Malonyl-CoA-ACP transacylase","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b1092","subsystem":"Membrane Lipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MCPST","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cyan_c + mercppyr_c --> h_c + pyr_c + tcynt_c","officialName":"3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase","geneAssociation":"b2521","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MCTP1App","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"murein5p5p_p --> ala__D_p + murein5px4p_p","officialName":"Murein crosslinking transpeptidase 1A:(A2pm->D-ala) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0084 or b0635 or b0149 or b3396","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MCTP1Bpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"murein5p5p_p --> alaala_p + murein5px3p_p","officialName":"Murein crosslinking transpeptidase 1B:(A2pm->A2pm) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0149 or b3396","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MCTP2App","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"murein5p5p5p_p --> (2) ala__D_p + murein5px4px4p_p","officialName":"Murein crosslinking transpeptidase 1A:(A2pm->D-ala) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0084 or b0635 or b3396 or b0149","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDCP1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5px4p_p --> ala__D_p + murein4px4p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-carboxypeptidase (murein5px4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0632 or b3182 or b0839 or b2010","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDCP2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5px4px4p_p --> ala__D_p + murein4px4px4p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-carboxypeptidase (murein5px4px4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0632 or b3182 or b0839 or b2010","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDCP3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5p5p_p --> ala__D_p + murein5p4p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-carboxypeptidase (murein5p5p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0632 or b3182 or b0839 or b2010","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDCP4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5p4p_p --> ala__D_p + murein4p4p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-carboxypeptidase (murein5p4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0632 or b3182 or b0839 or b2010","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDCP5pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5p3p_p --> ala__D_p + murein4p3p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-carboxypeptidase (murein5p3p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0632 or b3182 or b0839 or b2010","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDEP1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein4px4p_p --> murein4p4p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-endopeptidase (murein4px4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3182 or b2328 or b2134","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDEP2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein3px4p_p --> murein4p3p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-endopeptidase (murein3px4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3182 or b2328 or b2134","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDEP3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5px4p_p --> murein5p4p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-endopeptidase (murein5px4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3182 or b2328 or b2134","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MDDEP4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein4px4px4p_p --> murein4px4p4p_p","officialName":"Murein D,D-endopeptidase (murein4px4px4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3182 or b2328 or b2134","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MDH","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + mal__L_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + oaa_c","officialName":"Malate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b3236","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"MDH2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"q8_c + mal__L_c --> q8h2_c + oaa_c","officialName":"Malate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone 8 as acceptor)","geneAssociation":"b2210","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"MDH3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mqn8_c + mal__L_c --> mql8_c + oaa_c","officialName":"Malate dehydrogenase (menaquinone 8 as acceptor)","geneAssociation":"b2210","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"ME1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + mal__L_c --> nadh_c + co2_c + pyr_c","officialName":"Malic enzyme (NAD)","geneAssociation":"b1479","subsystem":"Anaplerotic Reactions"}
{"abbreviation":"ME2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + mal__L_c --> nadph_c + co2_c + pyr_c","officialName":"Malic enzyme (NADP)","geneAssociation":"b2463","subsystem":"Anaplerotic Reactions"}
{"abbreviation":"MECDPDH5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + (2) flxr_c + 2mecdp_c --> h2o_c + h2mb4p_c + (2) flxso_c","officialName":"2C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4 cyclodiphosphate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"(b2895 and b2515) or (b0684 and b2515)","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MECDPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2p4c2me_c --> cmp_c + 2mecdp_c","officialName":"2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2746","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MELIBt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + melib_p --> h_c + melib_c","officialName":"Melibiose transport in via symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4120","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MELIBt3ipp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + melib_c --> h_c + melib_p","officialName":"Melibiose transport in via antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MELIBtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"melib_e <==> melib_p","officialName":"Melibiose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MEOHtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"meoh_e <==> meoh_p","officialName":"Methanol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b0929 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MEOHtrpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"meoh_p <==> meoh_c","officialName":"Methanol reversible transport via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MEPCT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ctp_c + 2me4p_c --> ppi_c + 4c2me_c","officialName":"2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2747","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"METAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + met__L_c --> pi_c + ppi_c + amet_c","officialName":"Methionine adenosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2942","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"METDabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + met__D_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + met__D_c","officialName":"D-methionine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0198 and b0199 and b0197","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"METDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"met__D_e <==> met__D_p","officialName":"D-methionine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"METOX1s","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o2_c + met__L_c --> h2o_c + metsox_S__L_c","officialName":"Methionine oxidation (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"METOX2s","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o2_c + met__L_c --> h2o_c + metsox_R__L_c","officialName":"Methionine oxidation 2 (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"METS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"5mthf_c + hcys__L_c --> h_c + thf_c + met__L_c","officialName":"Methionine synthase","geneAssociation":"b4019 or b3829","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"METSOX1abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + metsox_S__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + metsox_S__L_c","officialName":"L-methionine S-oxide transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"METSOX1tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"metsox_S__L_e <==> metsox_S__L_p","officialName":"L-methionine S-oxide diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"METSOX2abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + metsox_R__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + metsox_R__L_c","officialName":"L-methionine R-oxide transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"METSOX2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"metsox_R__L_e <==> metsox_R__L_p","officialName":"L-methionine R-oxide diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"METSOXR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"trdrd_c + metsox_S__L_c --> h2o_c + met__L_c + trdox_c","officialName":"L-methionine-S-oxide reductase","geneAssociation":"(b4219 and b2582) or (b4219 and b3781) or (b3551 and b2582) or (b3551 and b3781)","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"METSOXR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"trdrd_c + metsox_R__L_c --> h2o_c + met__L_c + trdox_c","officialName":"L-methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase","geneAssociation":"(b1778 and b2582) or (b1778 and b3781)","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"METTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + met__L_c + trnamet_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + mettrna_c","officialName":"Methionyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b2114","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"METabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + met__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + met__L_c","officialName":"L-methionine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0198 and b0199 and b0197","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"METtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"met__L_e <==> met__L_p","officialName":"L-methionine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MG2t3_2pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + mg2_p <==> (2) h_p + mg2_c","officialName":"Magnesium (Mg+2) transport in/out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MG2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mg2_e <==> mg2_p","officialName":"Magnesium (Mg+2) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MG2tpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mg2_p --> mg2_c","officialName":"Magnesium (+2) transport in via diffusion","geneAssociation":"b3816","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MG2uabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + mg2_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + mg2_c","officialName":"Magnesium (Mg+2) ABC transporter (ubtake, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4242","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MGSA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dhap_c --> pi_c + mthgxl_c","officialName":"Methylglyoxal synthase","geneAssociation":"b0963","subsystem":"Methylglyoxal Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MI1PP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + mi1p__D_c --> pi_c + inost_c","officialName":"Myo-inositol 1-phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b2533","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MICITDr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2mcacn_c <==> micit_c","officialName":"2-methylisocitrate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b0118","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MINCYCtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mincyc_e <==> mincyc_p","officialName":"Minocycline transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MINCYCtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + mincyc_p --> h_c + mincyc_e","officialName":"Minocycline transport via TolC system","geneAssociation":"(b0463 and b0462 and b3035) or (b0463 and b2470 and b3035)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MINOHPtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"minohp_e --> minohp_p","officialName":"Myo-inositol phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MLDCP1App","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5px4p_p --> alaala_p + murein3px4p_p","officialName":"Murein L,D-carboxypeptidase (murein5px4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MLDCP1Bpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein4p4p_p --> ala__D_p + murein4p3p_p","officialName":"Murein L,D-carboxypeptidase (murein4p4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MLDCP2App","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5p5p_p --> alaala_p + murein5p3p_p","officialName":"Murein L,D-carboxypeptidase (murein5p5p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MLDCP2Bpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein4p3p_p --> ala__D_p + murein3p3p_p","officialName":"Murein L,D-carboxypeptidase (murein4p3p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MLDCP3App","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5px3p_p --> alaala_p + murein3px3p_p","officialName":"Murein L,D-carboxypeptidase (murein5px3p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MLDEP1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein3px3p_p --> murein3p3p_p","officialName":"Murein L,D-endopeptidase (murein3px3p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MLDEP2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + murein5px3p_p --> murein5p3p_p","officialName":"Murein L,D-endopeptidase (murein5px3p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTG1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + malttr_c --> glc__D_c + malt_c","officialName":"Maltodextrin glucosidase (maltotriose)","geneAssociation":"b0403","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTG2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + maltttr_c --> glc__D_c + malttr_c","officialName":"Maltodextrin glucosidase (maltotetraose)","geneAssociation":"b0403","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTG3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + maltpt_c --> glc__D_c + maltttr_c","officialName":"Maltodextrin glucosidase (maltopentaose)","geneAssociation":"b0403","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTG4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + malthx_c --> glc__D_c + maltpt_c","officialName":"Maltodextrin glucosidase (maltohexaose)","geneAssociation":"b0403","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTG5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + malthp_c --> malthx_c + glc__D_c","officialName":"Maltodextrin glucosidase (maltoheptaose)","geneAssociation":"b0403","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTGY1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"murein4p4p_p --> (2) anhgm4p_p","officialName":"Murein lytic transglycosylase (murein4p4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2558 or b2963 or b4392 or b2813 or b2701 or b1193","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTGY2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"murein4p3p_p --> anhgm3p_p + anhgm4p_p","officialName":"Murein lytic transglycosylase (murein4p3p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1193 or b2558 or b2963 or b4392 or b2813 or b2701","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTGY3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"murein3p3p_p --> (2) anhgm3p_p","officialName":"Murein lytic transglycosylase (murein3p3p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1193 or b2963 or b2558 or b4392 or b2813 or b2701","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTGY4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"murein4px4p4p_p --> anhgm4p_p + murein4px4p_p","officialName":"Murein lytic transglycosylase (murein4px4p4p) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2701 or b1193 or b2963 or b2558 or b4392 or b2813","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTP1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + maltpt_c <==> maltttr_c + g1p_c","officialName":"Maltodextrin phosphorylase (maltopentaose)","geneAssociation":"b3417","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTP2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + malthx_c <==> maltpt_c + g1p_c","officialName":"Maltodextrin phosphorylase (maltohexaose)","geneAssociation":"b3417","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MLTP3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + malthp_c <==> malthx_c + g1p_c","officialName":"Maltodextrin phosphorylase (maltoheptaose)","geneAssociation":"b3417","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MMCD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + mmcoa__S_c --> co2_c + ppcoa_c","officialName":"Methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b2919","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MMETt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + mmet_p --> h_c + mmet_c","officialName":"S-methylmethionine permease (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0260","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MMETtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mmet_e <==> mmet_p","officialName":"S-methyl-L-methionine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MMM","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succoa_c --> mmcoa__S_c","officialName":"Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase","geneAssociation":"b2917","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MN2t3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + mn2_c --> h_c + mn2_p","officialName":"Manganese (Mn+2) transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3915 or b0752","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MN2tpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mn2_p --> mn2_c","officialName":"Manganese transport in via permease (no H+)","geneAssociation":"b3040","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MN6PP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + man6p_c --> pi_c + man_c","officialName":"Mannose 6-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0822","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MNLptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + mnl_p --> pyr_c + mnl1p_c","officialName":"Mannitol transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3599 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MNLtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mnl_e <==> mnl_p","officialName":"Mannitol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MNNH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mana_c --> h2o_c + 2ddglcn_c","officialName":"D-mannonate hydrolyase","geneAssociation":"b4322","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MNt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + mn2_p --> h_c + mn2_c","officialName":"Manganese (Mn+2) transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2392","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mn2_e <==> mn2_p","officialName":"Manganese (Mn+2) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MOADSUx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadh_c + iscssh_c + moadamp_c --> amp_c + nad_c + iscs_c + moadcosh_c","officialName":"MoaD sulfuration (nadh, assumed)","geneAssociation":"b2530 and b0784","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MOAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ckdo_c + lipidA_c --> h_c + cmp_c + kdolipid4_c","officialName":"3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase","geneAssociation":"b3633","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MOAT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ckdo_c + kdolipid4_c --> h_c + cmp_c + kdo2lipid4_c","officialName":"3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase","geneAssociation":"b3633","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MOAT3C","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"phphhlipa_c + ckdo_c --> h_c + cmp_c + kphphhlipa_c","officialName":"3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid transferase III (LPS core biosynthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3624","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"MOBDabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + mobd_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + mobd_c","officialName":"Molybdate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0763 and b0764 and b0765) or (b2422 and b2424 and b2423 and b3917) or (b2422 and b2425 and b2424 and b2423)","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MOBDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mobd_e <==> mobd_p","officialName":"Molybdate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MOCDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ctp_c + moco_c --> ppi_c + mococdp_c","officialName":"Molybdopterin cytidine dinucleotide synthase","geneAssociation":"b2877","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MOCOS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + mobd_c + mptamp_c --> h2o_c + amp_c + cu2_c + moco_c","officialName":"Molybdenum cofactor synthase","geneAssociation":"b0827","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MOGDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + gtp_c + moco_c --> ppi_c + mocogdp_c","officialName":"Molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide synthase","geneAssociation":"b3857 or (b3857 and b3856)","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MOHMT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + mlthf_c + 3mob_c --> thf_c + 2dhp_c","officialName":"3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0134","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MOX","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + mal__L_c <==> h2o2_c + oaa_c","officialName":"Malate oxidase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"MPTAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + mpt_c --> ppi_c + mptamp_c","officialName":"Molybdopterin adenylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0009","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MPTG","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) uaagmda_c --> (2) h_c + (2) udcpdp_c + murein5p5p_p","officialName":"Murein polymerizing transglycosylase","geneAssociation":"(b3396 and b1069) or (b0149 and b1069) or (b1069 and b2519)","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MPTG2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"murein5p5p_p + uaagmda_c --> h_c + udcpdp_c + murein5p5p5p_p","officialName":"Murein polymerizing transglycosylase 2 (three linked units)","geneAssociation":"(b3396 and b1069) or (b0149 and b1069) or (b1069 and b2519)","subsystem":"Murein Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MPTS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cu2_c + cpmp_c + (2) moadcosh_c --> (5) h_c + mpt_c + (2) moadcoo_c","officialName":"Molybdopterin synthase","geneAssociation":"b0784 and b0785","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MPTSS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + moadcoo_c --> ppi_c + moadamp_c","officialName":"Molybdopterin synthase sulfurylase","geneAssociation":"b0826","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"MSAR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + msa_c --> nadp_c + 3hpp_c","officialName":"Malonic semialdehyde reductase","geneAssociation":"b1008 or b1539","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"MSO3abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + mso3_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + mso3_c","officialName":"Methanesulfonate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0936 and b0933 and b0934","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"MSO3tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mso3_e <==> mso3_p","officialName":"Methanesulfonate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"MTAN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 5mta_c --> ade_c + 5mtr_c","officialName":"Methylthioadenosine nucleosidase","geneAssociation":"b0159","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MTHFC","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + methf_c <==> h_c + 10fthf_c","officialName":"Methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0529","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MTHFD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadp_c + mlthf_c <==> nadph_c + methf_c","officialName":"Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP)","geneAssociation":"b0529","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MTHFR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + nadh_c + mlthf_c --> nad_c + 5mthf_c","officialName":"5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADH)","geneAssociation":"b3941","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MTHTHFSs","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + mdhdhf_c --> mththf_c","officialName":"(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran synthesis (spontaneous)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"MTRPOX","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + o2_c + Nmtrp_c --> h2o2_c + trp__L_c + fald_c","officialName":"N-methyltryptophan oxidase","geneAssociation":"b1059","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"N2Otex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"n2o_e <==> n2o_p","officialName":"Nitrious oxide transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"N2Otpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"n2o_p <==> n2o_c","officialName":"Nitrious oxide transport (diffusion)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NACODA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + acg5sa_c --> ac_c + glu5sa_c","officialName":"N-acetylornithine deacetylase","geneAssociation":"b3957","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NACtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nac_e <==> nac_p","officialName":"Nicotinic acid transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"NACtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nac_p --> nac_c","officialName":"Nicotinic acid uptake (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"NADDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c --> (2) h_c + amp_c + nmn_c","officialName":"NAD diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3996 or b2411","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NADH10","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + mqn8_c --> nad_c + mql8_c","officialName":"NADH dehydrogenase (menaquinone-8 & 0 protons)","geneAssociation":"b1109","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADH16pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + nadh_c + q8_c --> (3) h_p + nad_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone-8 & 3 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2276 and b2277 and b2278 and b2279 and b2280 and b2281 and b2282 and b2283 and b2284 and b2285 and b2286 and b2287 and b2288","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADH17pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + nadh_c + mqn8_c --> (3) h_p + nad_c + mql8_c","officialName":"NADH dehydrogenase (menaquinone-8 & 3 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2276 and b2277 and b2278 and b2279 and b2280 and b2281 and b2282 and b2283 and b2284 and b2285 and b2286 and b2287 and b2288","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADH18pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + nadh_c + 2dmmq8_c --> (3) h_p + nad_c + 2dmmql8_c","officialName":"NADH dehydrogenase (demethylmenaquinone-8 & 3 protons) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2276 and b2277 and b2278 and b2279 and b2280 and b2281 and b2282 and b2283 and b2284 and b2285 and b2286 and b2287 and b2288","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADH5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + q8_c --> nad_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone-8 )","geneAssociation":"b1109","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADH9","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 2dmmq8_c --> nad_c + 2dmmql8_c","officialName":"NADH dehydrogenase (demethylmenaquinone-8 & 0 protons)","geneAssociation":"b1109","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + nad_c --> adp_c + h_c + nadp_c","officialName":"NAD kinase","geneAssociation":"b2615","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NADN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c --> h_c + adprib_c + ncam_c","officialName":"NAD nucleosidase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NADPHQR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + q8_c --> nadp_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"NADPH Quinone Reductase (Ubiquinone-8)","geneAssociation":"b3028","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADPHQR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + mqn8_c --> nadp_c + mql8_c","officialName":"NADPH Quinone Reductase (Menaquinone-8)","geneAssociation":"b3028","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADPHQR4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 2dmmq8_c --> nadp_c + 2dmmql8_c","officialName":"NADPH Quinone Reductase (2-Demethylmenaquinone-8)","geneAssociation":"b3028","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NADPPPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nadp_c --> pi_c + nad_c","officialName":"NADP phosphatase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NADS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + nh4_c + dnad_c --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + nad_c","officialName":"NAD synthase (nh3)","geneAssociation":"b1740","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NADTRHD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + nadph_c --> nadh_c + nadp_c","officialName":"NAD transhydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b3962 or (b1602 and b1603)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NAMNPP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + prpp_c + nac_c --> adp_c + pi_c + ppi_c + nicrnt_c","officialName":"Nicotinic acid mononucleotide pyrophosphorylase","geneAssociation":"b0931","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NAt3_1p5pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_p + (2) na1_c --> (3) h_c + (2) na1_p","officialName":"Sodium proton antiporter (H:NA is 1.5) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1186","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NAt3_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + na1_c --> (2) h_c + na1_p","officialName":"Sodium proton antiporter (H:NA is 2) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0019","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NAt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + na1_c --> h_c + na1_p","officialName":"Sodium transport out via proton antiport (cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0842 or b1216","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_e <==> na1_p","officialName":"Sodium transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"NDPK1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gdp_c <==> adp_c + gtp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (ATP:GDP)","geneAssociation":"b0474 or b2518","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NDPK2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + udp_c <==> adp_c + utp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (ATP:UDP)","geneAssociation":"b0474 or b2518","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NDPK3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + cdp_c <==> adp_c + ctp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (ATP:CDP)","geneAssociation":"b2518 or b0474","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NDPK4","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dtdp_c <==> adp_c + dttp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (ATP:dTDP)","geneAssociation":"b0474 or b2518","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NDPK5","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dgdp_c <==> adp_c + dgtp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (ATP:dGDP)","geneAssociation":"b0474 or b2518","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NDPK6","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dudp_c <==> adp_c + dutp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (ATP:dUDP)","geneAssociation":"b2518 or b0474","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NDPK7","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dcdp_c <==> adp_c + dctp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (ATP:dCDP)","geneAssociation":"b0474 or b2518","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NDPK8","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dadp_c <==> adp_c + datp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (ATP:dADP)","geneAssociation":"b0474 or b2518","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NH4tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nh4_e <==> nh4_p","officialName":"Ammonia transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"NH4tpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nh4_p <==> nh4_c","officialName":"Ammonia reversible transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0451 or s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NHFRBO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + (2) no_c --> h2o_c + nad_c + n2o_c","officialName":"NADH:flavorubredoxin oxidoreductase","geneAssociation":"b2710 and b2711","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NI2abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + ni2_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ni2_p","officialName":"Nickle (Ni+2) ABC transporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3469","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NI2t3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ni2_c --> h_c + ni2_p","officialName":"Nickle (Ni+2) transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3915 or b0752","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NI2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ni2_e <==> ni2_p","officialName":"Nickel transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"NI2tpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ni2_p --> ni2_c","officialName":"Nickel (+2) transport in via permease (no H+)","geneAssociation":"b3816","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NI2uabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + ni2_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ni2_c","officialName":"Nickel transport via ABC system (uptake, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b3476 and b3477 and b3478 and b3479 and b3480) or b4242","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NMNAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + nmn_c --> ppi_c + nad_c","officialName":"Nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b4390 or b0639","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NMNDA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nmn_c --> nh4_c + nicrnt_c","officialName":"Nicotinamide-nucleotide amidase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NMNN","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nmn_c --> h_c + r5p_c + ncam_c","officialName":"NMN nucleosidase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NMNPtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nmn_p --> nmn_c","officialName":"NMN permease (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0751","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"NMNt7pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nmn_p --> h_c + r5p_c + ncam_c","officialName":"NMN transport via NMN glycohydrolase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"NMNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nmn_e <==> nmn_p","officialName":"NMN transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"NNAM","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ncam_c --> nh4_c + nac_c","officialName":"Nicotinamidase","geneAssociation":"b1768","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NNATr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + nicrnt_c <==> ppi_c + dnad_c","officialName":"Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0639","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NNDMBRT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nicrnt_c + dmbzid_c --> h_c + nac_c + 5prdmbz_c","officialName":"Nicotinate-nucleotide dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1991","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NNDPR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + prpp_c + quln_c --> ppi_c + co2_c + nicrnt_c","officialName":"Nicotinate-nucleotide diphosphorylase (carboxylating)","geneAssociation":"b0109","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"NO2t2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + no2_p <==> h_c + no2_c","officialName":"Nitrite transport in via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3367 or b1223","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NO2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"no2_e <==> no2_p","officialName":"Nitrite transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"NO3R1bpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"q8h2_c + no3_p --> h2o_p + q8_c + no2_p","officialName":"Nitrate reductase (Ubiquinol-8)","geneAssociation":"(b2203 and b2206) and b2202 and b2205 and b2204","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NO3R1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + q8h2_c + no3_c --> h2o_c + (2) h_p + q8_c + no2_c","officialName":"Nitrate reductase (Ubiquinol-8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b1465 and b1466 and b1467 and b1468) or (b1224 and b1225 and b1226 and b1227)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NO3R2bpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mql8_c + no3_p --> h2o_p + mqn8_c + no2_p","officialName":"Nitrate reductase (Menaquinol-8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b2203 and b2206) and b2202","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NO3R2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + mql8_c + no3_c --> h2o_c + (2) h_p + mqn8_c + no2_c","officialName":"Nitrate reductase (Menaquinol-8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b1465 and b1466 and b1467 and b1468) or (b1224 and b1225 and b1226 and b1227)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NO3t7pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"no2_c + no3_p --> no2_p + no3_c","officialName":"Nitrate transport in via nitrite antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1223 or b1469","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NO3tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"no3_e <==> no3_p","officialName":"Nitrate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b0241 or b0929 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"NODOx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadh_c + (2) o2_c + (2) no_c --> h_c + nad_c + (2) no3_c","officialName":"Nitric oxide dioxygenase","geneAssociation":"b2552","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NODOy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadph_c + (2) o2_c + (2) no_c --> h_c + nadp_c + (2) no3_c","officialName":"Nitric oxide dioxygenase","geneAssociation":"b2552","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NOVBCNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"novbcn_e <==> novbcn_p","officialName":"Novobiocin transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"NOVBCNtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + novbcn_p --> h_c + novbcn_e","officialName":"Novobiocin transport via TolC system","geneAssociation":"(b0463 and b0462 and b3035) or (b0463 and b2470 and b3035)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"NOtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"no_e <==> no_p","officialName":"Nitric oxide transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"NOtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"no_p <==> no_c","officialName":"NO transport (diffusion)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dump_c --> pi_c + duri_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dUMP)","geneAssociation":"b2291 or b2744 or b4374","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD10","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + xmp_c --> pi_c + xtsn_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (XMP)","geneAssociation":"b2744","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD10pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + xmp_p --> pi_p + xtsn_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (XMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD11","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + imp_c --> pi_c + ins_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (IMP)","geneAssociation":"b2744","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD11pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + imp_p --> pi_p + ins_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (IMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD12","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dimp_c --> pi_c + din_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dIMP)","geneAssociation":"b2291 or b2744","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD12pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + dimp_p --> pi_p + din_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dIMP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + dump_p --> pi_p + duri_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dUMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ump_c --> pi_c + uri_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (UMP)","geneAssociation":"b2744 or b4374","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + ump_p --> pi_p + uri_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (UMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dcmp_c --> pi_c + dcyt_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dCMP)","geneAssociation":"b2744 or b2291","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + dcmp_p --> pi_p + dcyt_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dCMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + cmp_c --> pi_c + cytd_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (CMP)","geneAssociation":"b2744","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + cmp_p --> pi_p + cytd_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (CMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dtmp_c --> pi_c + thymd_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dTMP)","geneAssociation":"b2291 or b2744 or b4374","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD5pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + dtmp_p --> pi_p + thymd_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dTMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD6","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + damp_c --> pi_c + dad_2_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dAMP)","geneAssociation":"b2291 or b2744","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD6pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + damp_p --> pi_p + dad_2_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dAMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD7","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + amp_c --> pi_c + adn_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (AMP)","geneAssociation":"b2744","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD7pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + amp_p --> pi_p + adn_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (AMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD8","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dgmp_c --> pi_c + dgsn_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dGMP)","geneAssociation":"b2291 or b2744","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD8pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + dgmp_p --> pi_p + dgsn_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (dGMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD9","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gmp_c --> pi_c + gsn_c","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (GMP)","geneAssociation":"b2744","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTD9pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + gmp_p --> pi_p + gsn_p","officialName":"5'-nucleotidase (GMP)","geneAssociation":"b0480 or b4055","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTP1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-triphosphatase (ATP)","geneAssociation":"b0650 or b4161","subsystem":"Biomass and maintenance functions"}
{"abbreviation":"NTP10","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + itp_c --> h_c + pi_c + idp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-triphosphatase (ITP)","geneAssociation":"b4161 or b4394","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTP11","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ditp_c --> h_c + pi_c + didp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-triphosphatase (dITP)","geneAssociation":"b4394","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTP12","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + xtp_c --> h_c + pi_c + xdp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-triphosphatase (XTP)","geneAssociation":"b4394","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTP3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gtp_c --> h_c + pi_c + gdp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-triphosphatase (GTP)","geneAssociation":"b4161","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTP3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + gtp_p --> h_p + pi_p + gdp_p","officialName":"Nucleoside-triphosphatase (GTP) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0980","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTP5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ctp_c --> h_c + pi_c + cdp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside-triphosphatase (CTP)","geneAssociation":"b4161","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dgtp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + dgmp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (dgtp)","geneAssociation":"b0099 or b2781","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP10","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ditp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + dimp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (ditp)","geneAssociation":"b2954","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP11","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + xtp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + xmp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (xtp)","geneAssociation":"b2954","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gtp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + gmp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (gtp)","geneAssociation":"b0099 or b2781","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dctp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + dcmp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (dctp)","geneAssociation":"b2781 or b2251 or b1759","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ctp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + cmp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (ctp)","geneAssociation":"b1759 or b2781","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP5","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + datp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + damp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (datp)","geneAssociation":"b2781 or b1865","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP6","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (atp)","geneAssociation":"b2781","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP7","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dttp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + dtmp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (dttp)","geneAssociation":"b2781 or b2251","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP8","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + utp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + ump_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (utp)","geneAssociation":"b2781","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPP9","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + itp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + imp_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphorylase (itp)","geneAssociation":"b2954","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPTP1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + dgtp_c --> pppi_c + dgsn_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate tripolyhydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0160","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTPTP2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + gtp_c --> pppi_c + gsn_c","officialName":"Nucleoside triphosphate tripolyhydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0160","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"NTRIR2x","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(5) h_c + (3) nadh_c + no2_c --> (2) h2o_c + (3) nad_c + nh4_c","officialName":"Nitrite Reductase (NADH)","geneAssociation":"b3365 and b3366","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"NTRIR3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + (3) q8h2_c + no2_p --> (2) h2o_p + nh4_p + (3) q8_c","officialName":"Nitrite Reductase (Ubiquinole-8, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4070 and b4071 and b4072 and b4073","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"NTRIR4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + (3) mql8_c + no2_p --> (2) h2o_p + nh4_p + (3) mqn8_c","officialName":"Nitrite Reductase (Menaquinole-8, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4070 and b4071 and b4072 and b4073","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"O16A4COLIPAabctex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + o16a4colipa_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + o16a4colipa_e","officialName":"O16 antigen (x4) core oligosaccharide lipid A transport via ABC system (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b3200 and b3201 and b3199 and b4261 and b4262","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16A4Lpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"colipa_p + o16a4und_p --> h_p + udcpdp_p + o16a4colipa_p","officialName":"O16 anitgen (x4) ligase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3622","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16AP1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) o16aund_p --> h_p + udcpdp_p + o16a2und_p","officialName":"O16 antigen polymerase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2035 and b2027","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16AP2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o16a2und_p + o16aund_p --> h_p + udcpdp_p + o16a3und_p","officialName":"O16 antigen polymerase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2035 and b2027","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16AP3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o16aund_p + o16a3und_p --> h_p + udcpdp_p + o16a4und_p","officialName":"O16 antigen polymerase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2035 and b2027","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16AT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + ragund_c --> coa_c + aragund_c","officialName":"Rhamanosyl-N-acetylglucosamyl-undecaprenyl diphosphate O-acetyltransferase (LPS O16 antigen biosynthesis)","geneAssociation":"b2033","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16AUNDtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o16aund_c --> o16aund_p","officialName":"O16 antigen (flippase, cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2037","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16GALFT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"garagund_c + udpgalfur_c --> h_c + udp_c + gfgaragund_c","officialName":"Galactofuranosyltransferase (LPS O16 antigen biosynthesis)","geneAssociation":"b2034","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16GLCT1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpg_c + aragund_c --> h_c + udp_c + garagund_c","officialName":"Glucosyltransferase I (LPS O16 antigen biosynthesis)","geneAssociation":"b2032","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O16GLCT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpg_c + gfgaragund_c --> h_c + udp_c + o16aund_c","officialName":"Glucosyltransferase II (LPS O16 antigen biosynthesis)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"O2Stex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2s_e <==> o2s_p","officialName":"Superoxide anion transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"O2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_e <==> o2_p","officialName":"Oxygen transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"O2tpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_p <==> o2_c","officialName":"O2 transport via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"OAADC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + oaa_c --> co2_c + pyr_c","officialName":"Oxaloacetate decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b1850","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"OBTFL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"coa_c + 2obut_c --> ppcoa_c + for_c","officialName":"2-Oxobutanoate formate lyase","geneAssociation":"((b0902 and b0903) and b2579) or (b0902 and b0903) or (b0902 and b3114)","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"OCBT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"orn_c + cbp_c <==> h_c + pi_c + citr__L_c","officialName":"Ornithine carbamoyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b4254 or b0273","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"OCDCAtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ocdca_e --> ocdca_p","officialName":"Octadecanoate transport via facilitated irreversible diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2344","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"OCDCEAtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ocdcea_e --> ocdcea_p","officialName":"Octadecenoate (n-C18:1) transport via facilitated irreversible diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2344","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"OCTAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"octa_e <==> octa_p","officialName":"Octanoate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"OCTDPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(5) ipdp_c + frdp_c --> (5) ppi_c + octdp_c","officialName":"Octaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b3187","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OCTNLL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + octa_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + octapb_c","officialName":"Octanoate non-lipoylated apo domain ligase","geneAssociation":"b4386","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OGMEACPD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hgmeACP_c --> h2o_c + egmeACP_c","officialName":"3-Oxo-glutaryl-[ACP] methyl ester dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b0180","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OGMEACPR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + ogmeACP_c --> nadp_c + hgmeACP_c","officialName":"3-Oxo-glutaryl-[ACP] methyl ester reductase","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OGMEACPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + malcoame_c --> co2_c + coa_c + ogmeACP_c","officialName":"3-Oxo-glutaryl-[ACP] methyl ester synthase","geneAssociation":"b1091","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OHPBAT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu__L_c + ohpb_c <==> phthr_c + akg_c","officialName":"O-Phospho-4-hydroxy-L-threonine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase","geneAssociation":"b0907","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OHPHM","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amet_c + 2ohph_c --> h_c + ahcys_c + 2omph_c","officialName":"2-octaprenyl-6-hydroxyphenol methylase","geneAssociation":"b2232","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OMBZLM","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"amet_c + 2ombzl_c --> h_c + ahcys_c + 2ommbl_c","officialName":"2-Octaprenyl-6-methoxy-benzoquinol methylase","geneAssociation":"b3833","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OMCDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 3c4mop_c --> co2_c + 4mop_c","officialName":"2-Oxo-4-methyl-3-carboxypentanoate decarboxylation","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"OMMBLHX","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(0.5) o2_c + 2ommbl_c --> 2omhmbl_c","officialName":"2-Octaprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol hydroxylase","geneAssociation":"b0662","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OMMBLHX3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) atp_c + (3) h2o_c + nad_c + 2ommbl_c --> (2) adp_c + (3) h_c + (2) pi_c + nadh_c + 2omhmbl_c","officialName":"2-Octaprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol hydroxylase (anaerobic)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OMPDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + orot5p_c --> co2_c + ump_c","officialName":"Orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b1281","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OMPHHX","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(0.5) o2_c + 2omph_c --> 2ombzl_c","officialName":"2-octaprenyl-6-methoxyphenol hydroxylase","geneAssociation":"b2907","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OMPHHX3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) atp_c + (3) h2o_c + nad_c + 2omph_c --> (2) adp_c + (3) h_c + (2) pi_c + nadh_c + 2ombzl_c","officialName":"2-octaprenyl-6-methoxyphenol hydroxylase (anaerobic)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OP4ENH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + op4en_c --> 4h2opntn_c","officialName":"2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase","geneAssociation":"b0350","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"OPHBDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 3ophb_c --> co2_c + 2oph_c","officialName":"Octaprenyl-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b3843 and b2311","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OPHHX","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(0.5) o2_c + 2oph_c --> 2ohph_c","officialName":"2-Octaprenylphenol hydroxylase","geneAssociation":"b3835","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OPHHX3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) atp_c + (3) h2o_c + nad_c + 2oph_c --> (2) adp_c + (3) h_c + (2) pi_c + nadh_c + 2ohph_c","officialName":"2-Octaprenylphenol hydroxylase (anaerobic)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OPMEACPD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hpmeACP_c --> h2o_c + epmeACP_c","officialName":"3-Oxo-pimeloyl-[ACP] methyl ester dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b0180","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OPMEACPR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + opmeACP_c --> nadp_c + hpmeACP_c","officialName":"3-Oxo-pimeloyl-[ACP] methyl ester reductase","geneAssociation":"b1093","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OPMEACPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + malACP_c + gmeACP_c --> ACP_c + co2_c + opmeACP_c","officialName":"3-Oxo-pimeloyl-[ACP] methyl ester synthase","geneAssociation":"b2323","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"ORNDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + orn_c --> co2_c + ptrc_c","officialName":"Ornithine Decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b2965 or b0693","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ORNabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + orn_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + orn_c","officialName":"Ornithine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2310 and b2307 and b2306 and b2308","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"ORNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"orn_e <==> orn_p","officialName":"Ornithine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"OROTt2_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + orot_p --> (2) h_c + orot_c","officialName":"Orotate transport via proton symport (2 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"OROTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"orot_e <==> orot_p","officialName":"Orotate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ORPT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ppi_c + orot5p_c <==> prpp_c + orot_c","officialName":"Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3642","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"OXAMTC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + oxur_c --> cbp_c + oxam_c","officialName":"Oxamate transcarbamoylase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"OXCDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + oxalcoa_c --> co2_c + forcoa_c","officialName":"Oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b2373","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"OXCOAHDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h2o_c + nadp_c + 2oxpaccoa_c --> (2) h_c + nadph_c + 3oxdhscoa_c","officialName":"Oxepin-CoA hydrolase/ 3-oxo-5,6-dehydrosuberyl-CoA semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+)","geneAssociation":"b1387","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"OXDHCOAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"coa_c + 3oxdhscoa_c --> accoa_c + 23dhacoa_c","officialName":"3-oxo-5,6-dehydrosuberyl-CoA thiolase","geneAssociation":"b1394 and b1397","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"P5CD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h2o_c + nad_c + 1pyr5c_c --> h_c + nadh_c + glu__L_c","officialName":"1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1014","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"P5CR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + nadph_c + 1pyr5c_c --> nadp_c + pro__L_c","officialName":"Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase","geneAssociation":"b0386","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PA120abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pa120_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pa120_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate transport via ABC system (n-C12:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PA140abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pa140_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pa140_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate transport via ABC system (n-C14:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PA141abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pa141_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pa141_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate transport via ABC system (n-C14:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PA160abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pa160_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pa160_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate transport via ABC system (n-C16:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PA161abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pa161_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pa161_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate transport via ABC system (n-C16:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PA180abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pa180_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pa180_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate transport via ABC system (n-C18:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PA181abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pa181_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pa181_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate transport via ABC system (n-C18:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PACALDt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + pacald_p <==> h_c + pacald_c","officialName":"Phenylacetaldehyde reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PACALDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pacald_e <==> pacald_p","officialName":"Phenethylacetaldehyde transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PACCOAE","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + o2_c + phaccoa_c --> h2o_c + nadp_c + rephaccoa_c","officialName":"Ring 1,2-phenylacetyl-CoA epoxidase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"b1388 and b1389 and b1390 and b1391 and b1392","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PACCOAL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + coa_c + pac_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + phaccoa_c","officialName":"Phenylacetate-CoA ligase","geneAssociation":"b1398","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PANTS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ala_B_c + pant__R_c --> h_c + amp_c + ppi_c + pnto__R_c","officialName":"Pantothenate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0133","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pa120_c --> 12dgr120_c + pi_c","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa120_p --> 12dgr120_p + pi_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (periplasmic, n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pa140_c --> 12dgr140_c + pi_c","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa140_p --> 12dgr140_p + pi_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (periplasmic, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pa141_c --> 12dgr141_c + pi_c","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa141_p --> 12dgr141_p + pi_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (periplasmic, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pa160_c --> 12dgr160_c + pi_c","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa160_p --> 12dgr160_p + pi_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (periplasmic, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pa161_c --> 12dgr161_c + pi_c","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa161_p --> 12dgr161_p + pi_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (periplasmic, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pa180_c --> 12dgr180_c + pi_c","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa180_p --> 12dgr180_p + pi_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (periplasmic, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pa181_c --> 12dgr181_c + pi_c","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPA181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa181_p --> 12dgr181_p + pi_p","officialName":"Phosphatidate phosphatase (periplasmic, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPPT3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udcpp_c + ugmda_c --> ump_c + uagmda_c","officialName":"Phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide-transferase (meso-2,6-diaminopimelate)","geneAssociation":"b0087","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPSR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"paps_c + trdrd_c --> (2) h_c + pap_c + so3_c + trdox_c","officialName":"Phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b2762 and b2582) or (b2762 and b3781)","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PAPSR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"paps_c + grxrd_c --> (2) h_c + pap_c + so3_c + grxox_c","officialName":"Phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase (glutaredoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b2762 and b0849) or (b2762 and b1064) or (b2762 and b1654) or (b2762 and b3610)","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PDE1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + camp_c --> h_c + amp_c","officialName":"3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase","geneAssociation":"b1489","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PDE4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 35cgmp_c --> h_c + gmp_c","officialName":"3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase","geneAssociation":"b1489","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + coa_c + pyr_c --> nadh_c + co2_c + accoa_c","officialName":"Pyruvate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0114 and b0115 and b0116","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PDX5PO2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + pdx5p_c --> h_c + nadh_c + pydx5p_c","officialName":"Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase (anaerboic","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PDX5POi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + pdx5p_c --> h2o2_c + pydx5p_c","officialName":"Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b1638","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PDX5PS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + phthr_c + dxyl5p_c --> (2) h2o_c + h_c + pi_c + nadh_c + co2_c + pdx5p_c","officialName":"Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0052 and b2564","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PDXPP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pdx5p_c --> pi_c + pydxn_c","officialName":"Pyridoxine 5-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0766","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PE120abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pe120_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pe120_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylethanolamine transport via ABC system (n-C12:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PE140abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pe140_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pe140_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylethanolamine transport via ABC system (n-C14:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PE141abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pe141_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pe141_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylethanolamine transport via ABC system (n-C14:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PE160abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pe160_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pe160_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylethanolamine transport via ABC system (n-C16:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PE161abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pe161_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pe161_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylethanolamine transport via ABC system (n-C16:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PE180abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pe180_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pe180_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylethanolamine transport via ABC system (n-C18:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PE181abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pe181_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pe181_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylethanolamine transport via ABC system (n-C18:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PEAMNOpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + o2_p + peamn_p --> h2o2_p + nh4_p + pacald_p","officialName":"Phenethylamine oxidase","geneAssociation":"b1386","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PEAMNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"peamn_e <==> peamn_p","officialName":"Phenethylamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PERD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + 4per_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + ohpb_c","officialName":"Erythronate 4-phosphate (4per) dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2320","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PETNT161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pe161_p + lipa_p --> 12dgr161_p + enlipa_p","officialName":"Phosphoethanolamine transferase (c-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3546","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"PETNT181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pe181_p + lipa_p --> 12dgr181_p + enlipa_p","officialName":"Phosphoethanolamine transferase (c-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b3546","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"PFK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + f6p_c --> adp_c + h_c + fdp_c","officialName":"Phosphofructokinase","geneAssociation":"b3916 or b1723","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PFK_2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + tag6p__D_c --> adp_c + h_c + tagdp__D_c","officialName":"Phosphofructokinase","geneAssociation":"b3916","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PFK_3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + s7p_c --> adp_c + h_c + s17bp_c","officialName":"Phosphofructokinase (s7p)","geneAssociation":"b3916","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PFL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"coa_c + pyr_c --> accoa_c + for_c","officialName":"Pyruvate formate lyase","geneAssociation":"(b0902 and b0903) or (b0902 and b3114) or (b3951 and b3952) or ((b0902 and b0903) and b2579)","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PG120abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pg120_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pg120_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol transport via ABC system (n-C12:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PG140abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pg140_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pg140_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol transport via ABC system (n-C14:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PG141abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pg141_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pg141_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol transport via ABC system (n-C14:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PG160abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pg160_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pg160_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol transport via ABC system (n-C16:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PG161abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pg161_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pg161_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol transport via ABC system (n-C16:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PG180abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pg180_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pg180_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol transport via ABC system (n-C18:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PG181abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pg181_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pg181_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol transport via ABC system (n-C18:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PGAMT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gam1p_c <==> gam6p_c","officialName":"Phosphoglucosamine mutase","geneAssociation":"b3176","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PGCD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + 3pg_c --> h_c + nadh_c + 3php_c","officialName":"Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2913","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g6p_c <==> f6p_c","officialName":"Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase","geneAssociation":"b4025","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PGK","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 3pg_c <==> adp_c + 13dpg_c","officialName":"Phosphoglycerate kinase","geneAssociation":"b2926","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PGL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 6pgl_c --> h_c + 6pgc_c","officialName":"6-phosphogluconolactonase","geneAssociation":"b0767","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PGLYCP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 2pglyc_c --> pi_c + glyclt_c","officialName":"Phosphoglycolate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3385","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGM","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2pg_c <==> 3pg_c","officialName":"Phosphoglycerate mutase","geneAssociation":"b3612 or b4395 or b0755","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PGMT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g1p_c <==> g6p_c","officialName":"Phosphoglucomutase","geneAssociation":"b2690 or b0688","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGP120abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pgp120_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pgp120_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerophosphate transport via ABC system (n-C12:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PGP140abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pgp140_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pgp140_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerophosphate transport via ABC system (n-C14:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PGP141abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pgp141_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pgp141_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerophosphate transport via ABC system (n-C14:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PGP160abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pgp160_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pgp160_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerophosphate transport via ABC system (n-C16:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PGP161abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pgp161_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pgp161_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerophosphate transport via ABC system (n-C16:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PGP180abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pgp180_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pgp180_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerophosphate transport via ABC system (n-C18:0, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PGP181abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pgp181_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pgp181_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerophosphate transport via ABC system (n-C18:1, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0914","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pgp120_c --> pi_c + pg120_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278 or b0418","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pgp120_p --> pi_p + pg120_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (periplasm, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pgp140_c --> pi_c + pg140_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1278 or b0418","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pgp140_p --> pi_p + pg140_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (periplasm, n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pgp141_c --> pi_c + pg141_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278 or b0418","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pgp141_p --> pi_p + pg141_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (periplasm, n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pgp160_c --> pi_c + pg160_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pgp160_p --> pi_p + pg160_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (periplasm, n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pgp161_c --> pi_c + pg161_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278 or b0418","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pgp161_p --> pi_p + pg161_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (periplasm, n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pgp180_c --> pi_c + pg180_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pgp180_p --> pi_p + pg180_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (periplasm, n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pgp181_c --> pi_c + pg181_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1278 or b0418","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGPP181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pgp181_p --> pi_p + pg181_p","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase (periplasm, n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b0418 or b1278","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGSA120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + cdpdddecg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + pgp120_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol synthase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b1912","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGSA140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + cdpdtdecg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + pgp140_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol synthase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b1912","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGSA141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + cdpdtdec7eg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + pgp141_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol synthase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b1912","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGSA160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + cdpdhdecg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + pgp160_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol synthase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b1912","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGSA161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + cdpdhdec9eg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + pgp161_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol synthase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b1912","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGSA180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + cdpdodecg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + pgp180_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol synthase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b1912","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PGSA181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glyc3p_c + cdpdodec11eg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + pgp181_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylglycerol synthase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b1912","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PHEMEabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pheme_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pheme_p","officialName":"Protoheme transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2201 and b2200 and b2199 and b2198 and b2197","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PHEMEtiex","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pheme_p --> pheme_e","officialName":"Protoheme transport irreversible out via diffusion (periplasm to extracellular)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PHETA1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + phe__L_c <==> glu__L_c + phpyr_c","officialName":"Phenylalanine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b4054 or b0928 or b3770","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PHETRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + phe__L_c + trnaphe_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + phetrna_c","officialName":"Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b1713 and b1714","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"PHEt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + phe__L_p <==> h_c + phe__L_c","officialName":"L-phenylalanine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1473 or b0112 or b0576","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PHEtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"phe__L_e <==> phe__L_p","officialName":"L-phenylalanine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PHYTSpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(6) h2o_p + minohp_p --> (6) pi_p + inost_p","officialName":"Phytase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0980","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PIt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + pi_p <==> h_c + pi_c","officialName":"Phosphate reversible transport via symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2987 or b3493","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PItex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_e <==> pi_p","officialName":"Phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PIuabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pi_p --> adp_c + h_c + (2) pi_c","officialName":"Phosphate transport via ABC system (uptake, periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3726 and b3725 and b3727 and b3728","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1A120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa120_p --> 2ddecg3p_p + ddca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidate, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1A140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa140_p --> 2tdecg3p_p + ttdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidate, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1A141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa141_p --> 2tdec7eg3p_p + ttdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidate, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1A160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa160_p --> 2hdecg3p_p + hdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidate, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1A161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa161_p --> 2hdec9eg3p_p + hdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidate, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1A180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa180_p --> 2odecg3p_p + ocdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidate, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1A181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa181_p --> 2odec11eg3p_p + ocdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidate, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1E120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe120_p --> h_p + 2agpe120_p + ddca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1E140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe140_p --> h_p + 2agpe140_p + ttdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1E141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe141_p --> h_p + 2agpe141_p + ttdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1E160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe160_p --> h_p + 2agpe160_p + hdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1E161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe161_p --> h_p + 2agpe161_p + hdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1E180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe180_p --> h_p + 2agpe180_p + ocdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1E181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe181_p --> h_p + 2agpe181_p + ocdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1G120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg120_p --> h_p + 2agpg120_p + ddca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1G140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg140_p --> h_p + 2agpg140_p + ttdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1G141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg141_p --> h_p + 2agpg141_p + ttdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1G160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg160_p --> h_p + 2agpg160_p + hdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1G161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg161_p --> h_p + 2agpg161_p + hdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1G180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg180_p --> h_p + 2agpg180_p + ocdca_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA1G181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg181_p --> h_p + 2agpg181_p + ocdcea_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A1 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2A120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa120_p --> h_p + ddca_p + 1ddecg3p_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidate, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2A140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa140_p --> h_p + ttdca_p + 1tdecg3p_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidate, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2A141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa141_p --> h_p + ttdcea_p + 1tdec7eg3p_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidate, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2A160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa160_p --> h_p + hdca_p + 1hdecg3p_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidate, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2A161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa161_p --> h_p + hdcea_p + 1hdec9eg3p_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidate, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2A180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa180_p --> h_p + ocdca_p + 1odecg3p_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidate, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2A181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pa181_p --> h_p + ocdcea_p + 1odec11eg3p_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidate, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2E120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe120_p --> h_p + ddca_p + 1agpe120_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2E140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe140_p --> h_p + ttdca_p + 1agpe140_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2E141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe141_p --> h_p + ttdcea_p + 1agpe141_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2E160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe160_p --> h_p + hdca_p + 1agpe160_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2E161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe161_p --> h_p + hdcea_p + 1agpe161_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2E180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe180_p --> h_p + ocdca_p + 1agpe180_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2E181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pe181_p --> h_p + ocdcea_p + 1agpe181_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylethanolamine, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2G120pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg120_p --> h_p + ddca_p + 1agpg120_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C12:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2G140pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg140_p --> h_p + ttdca_p + 1agpg140_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C14:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2G141pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg141_p --> h_p + ttdcea_p + 1agpg141_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C14:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2G160pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg160_p --> h_p + hdca_p + 1agpg160_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C16:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2G161pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg161_p --> h_p + hdcea_p + 1agpg161_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C16:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2G180pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg180_p --> h_p + ocdca_p + 1agpg180_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C18:0) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PLIPA2G181pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pg181_p --> h_p + ocdcea_p + 1agpg181_p","officialName":"Phospholipase A2 (phosphatidylglycerol, n-C18:1) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3821","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PMANM","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"man1p_c <==> man6p_c","officialName":"Phosphomannomutase","geneAssociation":"b2048","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PMDPHT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 5aprbu_c --> pi_c + 4r5au_c","officialName":"Pyrimidine phosphatase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PMEACPE","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pmeACP_c --> pimACP_c + meoh_c","officialName":"Pimeloyl-[ACP] methyl ester esterase","geneAssociation":"b3412","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PMPK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 4ampm_c --> adp_c + 2mahmp_c","officialName":"Phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase","geneAssociation":"b2103","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PNTK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + pnto__R_c --> adp_c + h_c + 4ppan_c","officialName":"Pantothenate kinase","geneAssociation":"b3974","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PNTOt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + pnto__R_p --> na1_c + pnto__R_c","officialName":"Pantothenate sodium symporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3258","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PNTOtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pnto__R_e <==> pnto__R_p","officialName":"Pantothenate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"POAACR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadh_c + poaac_c --> h2o_c + nad_c + 3amac_c","officialName":"Peroxyaminoacrylate reductase","geneAssociation":"b1010","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"POR5","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"coa_c + pyr_c + (2) flxso_c <==> h_c + co2_c + accoa_c + (2) flxr_c","officialName":"Pyruvate synthase","geneAssociation":"(b0684 and b1378) or (b2895 and b1378)","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"POX","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pyr_c + q8_c --> co2_c + ac_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"Pyruvate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b0871","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"PPA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ppi_c --> h_c + (2) pi_c","officialName":"Inorganic diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b2744 or b4226 or b2502","subsystem":"Anaplerotic Reactions"}
{"abbreviation":"PPA2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pppi_c --> h_c + pi_c + ppi_c","officialName":"Inorganic triphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b2502 or b2744","subsystem":"Anaplerotic Reactions"}
{"abbreviation":"PPAKr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adp_c + ppap_c <==> atp_c + ppa_c","officialName":"Propionate kinase","geneAssociation":"b3115","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PPALtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ppal_e <==> ppal_p","officialName":"Propanal transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PPALtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ppal_c <==> ppal_p","officialName":"Propanal transport via channel (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PPAt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + ppa_p --> ppa_c + na1_c","officialName":"Na+/Propionate symporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1015","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PPAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ppa_e <==> ppa_p","officialName":"Propionate transport via diffusion","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b0929 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PPBNGS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) 5aop_c --> (2) h2o_c + h_c + ppbng_c","officialName":"Porphobilinogen synthase","geneAssociation":"b0369","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PPC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + co2_c + pep_c --> h_c + pi_c + oaa_c","officialName":"Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase","geneAssociation":"b3956","subsystem":"Anaplerotic Reactions"}
{"abbreviation":"PPCDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 4ppcys_c --> co2_c + pan4p_c","officialName":"Phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b3639","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PPCK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + oaa_c --> adp_c + co2_c + pep_c","officialName":"Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase","geneAssociation":"b3403","subsystem":"Anaplerotic Reactions"}
{"abbreviation":"PPCSCT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ppcoa_c + succ_c --> succoa_c + ppa_c","officialName":"Propanoyl-CoA: succinate CoA-transferase","geneAssociation":"b2920","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PPGPPDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + ppgpp_c --> ppi_c + gdp_c","officialName":"Guanosine-3',5'-bis(diphosphate) 3'-diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b3650","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PPK","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + pi_c <==> adp_c + ppi_c","officialName":"Polyphosphate kinase","geneAssociation":"b2501","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"PPK2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ppi_c <==> adp_c + pppi_c","officialName":"Polyphosphate kinase","geneAssociation":"b2501","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"PPM","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"r1p_c <==> r5p_c","officialName":"Phosphopentomutase","geneAssociation":"b3380 or b4383","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PPM2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2dr1p_c <==> 2dr5p_c","officialName":"Phosphopentomutase 2 (deoxyribose)","geneAssociation":"b4383","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PPNCL2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cys__L_c + ctp_c + 4ppan_c --> h_c + ppi_c + cmp_c + 4ppcys_c","officialName":"Phosphopantothenate-cysteine ligase","geneAssociation":"b3639","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PPND","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + pphn_c --> nadh_c + co2_c + 34hpp_c","officialName":"Prephenate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2600","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PPNDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + pphn_c --> h2o_c + co2_c + phpyr_c","officialName":"Prephenate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b2599","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PPPGO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(1.5) o2_c + pppg9_c --> (3) h2o_c + ppp9_c","officialName":"Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (aerobic)","geneAssociation":"b3850","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PPPGO3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) fum_c + pppg9_c --> (3) succ_c + ppp9_c","officialName":"Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (anaerobic)","geneAssociation":"b3850","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PPPNDO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + o2_c + pppn_c --> nad_c + cechddd_c","officialName":"Phenylpropanoate Dioxygenase","geneAssociation":"b2538 and b2539 and b2540 and b2542","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PPPNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + pppn_p <==> h_c + pppn_c","officialName":"3-phenylpropionate transport via proton symport, reversible (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2536","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PPPNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pppn_e <==> pppn_p","officialName":"3-phenylpropionate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pyr_c --> (2) h_c + pi_c + amp_c + pep_c","officialName":"Phosphoenolpyruvate synthase","geneAssociation":"b1702","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PPTHpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + ppt_p --> pi_p + h2_p","officialName":"Phosphonate hydrogenase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0383","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"PPTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ppt_e <==> ppt_p","officialName":"Phosphonate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PRAGSr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + gly_c + pram_c <==> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + gar_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylglycinamide synthase","geneAssociation":"b4005","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PRAIS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + fpram_c --> adp_c + (2) h_c + pi_c + air_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthase","geneAssociation":"b2499","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PRAIi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pran_c --> 2cpr5p_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase (irreversible)","geneAssociation":"b1262","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PRAMPC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + prbamp_c --> prfp_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase","geneAssociation":"b2026","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PRASCSi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + asp__L_c + 5aizc_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + 25aics_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase","geneAssociation":"b2476","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PRATPP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + prbatp_c --> h_c + ppi_c + prbamp_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphatase","geneAssociation":"b2026","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PRFGS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gln__L_c + fgam_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + glu__L_c + fpram_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase","geneAssociation":"b2557","subsystem":"Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PRMICI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"prfp_c <==> prlp_c","officialName":"1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino)imidazole-4-carboxamide isomerase","geneAssociation":"b2024","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PROD2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fad_c + pro__L_c --> h_c + fadh2_c + 1pyr5c_c","officialName":"Proline dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1014","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PROGLYabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + progly_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + progly_c","officialName":"L-Prolinylglycine (Pro-Gly) transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3544 and b3543 and b3542 and b3541 and b3540","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PROGLYtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"progly_e <==> progly_p","officialName":"L-Prolinylglycine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PROTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + pro__L_c + trnapro_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + protrna_c","officialName":"Prolyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0194","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"PROabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + pro__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + pro__L_c","officialName":"L-proline transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2677 and b2678 and b2679","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PROt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + pro__L_p <==> h_c + pro__L_c","officialName":"L-proline reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4111","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PROt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + pro__L_p --> na1_c + pro__L_c","officialName":"Na+/Proline-L symporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1015","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PROtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pro__L_e <==> pro__L_p","officialName":"L-proline transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PRPPS","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + r5p_c <==> h_c + amp_c + prpp_c","officialName":"Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase","geneAssociation":"b1207","subsystem":"Histidine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSCLYSt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + psclys_p --> h_c + psclys_c","officialName":"Psicoselysine transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3370","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PSCLYStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"psclys_e <==> psclys_p","officialName":"Psicoselysine transporter via diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PSCVT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + skm5p_c <==> pi_c + 3psme_c","officialName":"3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0908","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSD120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ps120_c --> pe120_c + co2_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b4160","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSD140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ps140_c --> pe140_c + co2_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b4160","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSD141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ps141_c --> pe141_c + co2_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b4160","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSD160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ps160_c --> pe160_c + co2_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b4160","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSD161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ps161_c --> pe161_c + co2_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b4160","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSD180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ps180_c --> pe180_c + co2_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b4160","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSD181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + ps181_c --> pe181_c + co2_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b4160","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSERT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu__L_c + 3php_c --> akg_c + pser__L_c","officialName":"Phosphoserine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b0907","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSERtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pser__L_e <==> pser__L_p","officialName":"Phospho-L-serine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PSP_L","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pser__L_c --> pi_c + ser__L_c","officialName":"Phosphoserine phosphatase (L-serine)","geneAssociation":"b4388","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSP_Lpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + pser__L_p --> pi_p + ser__L_p","officialName":"Phospho-L-serine phosphatase (periplasmic)","geneAssociation":"b4055","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSSA120","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + cdpdddecg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + ps120_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine syntase (n-C12:0)","geneAssociation":"b2585","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSSA140","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + cdpdtdecg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + ps140_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine syntase (n-C14:0)","geneAssociation":"b2585","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSSA141","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + cdpdtdec7eg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + ps141_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine syntase (n-C14:1)","geneAssociation":"b2585","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSSA160","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + cdpdhdecg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + ps160_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine syntase (n-C16:0)","geneAssociation":"b2585","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSSA161","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + cdpdhdec9eg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + ps161_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine syntase (n-C16:1)","geneAssociation":"b2585","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSSA180","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + cdpdodecg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + ps180_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine syntase (n-C18:0)","geneAssociation":"b2585","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PSSA181","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + cdpdodec11eg_c --> h_c + cmp_c + ps181_c","officialName":"Phosphatidylserine syntase (n-C18:1)","geneAssociation":"b2585","subsystem":"Glycerophospholipid Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PTA2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + ppcoa_c --> coa_c + ppap_c","officialName":"Phosphate acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2297","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PTAr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + accoa_c <==> coa_c + actp_c","officialName":"Phosphotransacetylase","geneAssociation":"b2297 or b2458","subsystem":"Pyruvate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PTHRpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + thrp_p --> pi_p + thr__L_p","officialName":"Phospho-L-threonine phosphatase (periplasmic)","geneAssociation":"b4055","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PTPATi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + pan4p_c --> ppi_c + dpcoa_c","officialName":"Pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3634","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PTRCORNt7pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"orn_c + ptrc_p <==> ptrc_c + orn_p","officialName":"Putrescine/ornithine antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0692","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PTRCTA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + ptrc_c --> glu__L_c + 4abutn_c","officialName":"Putrescine Transaminase","geneAssociation":"b3073","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"PTRCabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + ptrc_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ptrc_c","officialName":"Putrescine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0854 and b0855 and b0856 and b0857) or (b1126 and b1125 and b1124 and b1123) or (b1440 and b1441 and b1442 and b1443)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PTRCt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ptrc_p --> h_c + ptrc_c","officialName":"Putrescine transport in via proton symport","geneAssociation":"b1296 or b0692","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PTRCtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ptrc_e <==> ptrc_p","officialName":"Putrescine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PUNP1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + adn_c <==> ade_c + r1p_c","officialName":"Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (Adenosine)","geneAssociation":"b4384","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PUNP2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + dad_2_c <==> ade_c + 2dr1p_c","officialName":"Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (Deoxyadenosine)","geneAssociation":"b4384","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PUNP3","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + gsn_c <==> gua_c + r1p_c","officialName":"Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (Guanosine)","geneAssociation":"b2407 or b4384","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PUNP4","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + dgsn_c <==> 2dr1p_c + gua_c","officialName":"Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (Deoxyguanosine)","geneAssociation":"b2407 or b4384","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PUNP5","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + ins_c <==> hxan_c + r1p_c","officialName":"Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (Inosine)","geneAssociation":"b2407 or b4384","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PUNP6","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + din_c <==> hxan_c + 2dr1p_c","officialName":"Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (Deoxyinosine)","geneAssociation":"b2407 or b4384","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PUNP7","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + xtsn_c <==> xan_c + r1p_c","officialName":"Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (Xanthosine)","geneAssociation":"b2407","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PYAM5PO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + o2_c + pyam5p_c --> nh4_c + h2o2_c + pydx5p_c","officialName":"Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate oxidase","geneAssociation":"b1638","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDAMK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + pydam_c --> adp_c + h_c + pyam5p_c","officialName":"Pyridoxamine kinase","geneAssociation":"b2418","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDAMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydam_e <==> pydam_p","officialName":"Pyridoxamine transport via diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0929 or b1377 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDAMtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydam_p --> pydam_c","officialName":"Pyridoxamine import","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDXK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + pydx_c --> adp_c + h_c + pydx5p_c","officialName":"Pyridoxal kinase","geneAssociation":"b1636 or b2418","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDXNK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + pydxn_c --> adp_c + h_c + pdx5p_c","officialName":"Pyridoxine kinase","geneAssociation":"b2418","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDXNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydxn_e <==> pydxn_p","officialName":"Pyridoxine transport via diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0929 or b1377 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDXNtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydxn_p --> pydxn_c","officialName":"Pyridoxine import","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDXPP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + pydx5p_c --> pi_c + pydx_c","officialName":"Pyridoxal 5-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0446 or b3826 or b0766","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDXtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydx_e <==> pydx_p","officialName":"Pyridoxal transport via diffusion (extracellular)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0929 or b1377 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"PYDXtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pydx_p --> pydx_c","officialName":"Pyridoxal import","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PYK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adp_c + h_c + pep_c --> atp_c + pyr_c","officialName":"Pyruvate kinase","geneAssociation":"b1854 or b1676","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"PYNP2r","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + uri_c <==> ura_c + r1p_c","officialName":"Pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase (uracil)","geneAssociation":"b3831","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PYROX","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + o2_c + ura_c --> nad_c + uracp_c","officialName":"Pyrimidine oxygenase","geneAssociation":"b1012 and b1007","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"PYRt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + pyr_p <==> h_c + pyr_c","officialName":"Pyruvate reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"PYRtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pyr_e <==> pyr_p","officialName":"Pyruvate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"QMO2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) o2_c + q8h2_c --> (2) h_c + q8_c + (2) o2s_c","officialName":"Quinol monooxygenase (Ubiquinol-8)","geneAssociation":"b3029","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"QMO3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) o2_c + mql8_c --> (2) h_c + mqn8_c + (2) o2s_c","officialName":"Quinol monooxygenase (menaquinol 8)","geneAssociation":"b3029","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"QUIN2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"quin_e <==> quin_p","officialName":"Quinate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"QUIN2tpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"quin_p <==> quin_c","officialName":"Quinate transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"QUINDH","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + quin_c <==> (2) h_c + nadh_c + 3dhq_c","officialName":"Quinate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1692","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"QULNS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"iasp_c + dhap_c --> (2) h2o_c + pi_c + quln_c","officialName":"Quinolinate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0750","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"R15BPK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + r15bp_c --> adp_c + prpp_c","officialName":"Ribose-1,5-bisphosphokinase","geneAssociation":"b4094","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"R1PK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + r1p_c --> adp_c + h_c + r15bp_c","officialName":"Ribose 1-phosphokinase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"R5PP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + r5p_c --> pi_c + rib__D_c","officialName":"Ribose 5-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0822","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"R5PPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + r5p_p --> pi_p + rib__D_p","officialName":"Ribose 5-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b4055","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"R5Ptex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"r5p_e <==> r5p_p","officialName":"Ribose 5-phosphate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"RBFK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ribflv_c --> adp_c + h_c + fmn_c","officialName":"Riboflavin kinase","geneAssociation":"b0025","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"RBFSa","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"db4p_c + 4r5au_c --> (2) h2o_c + pi_c + dmlz_c","officialName":"Riboflavin synthase","geneAssociation":"b1662","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"RBFSb","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) dmlz_c --> ribflv_c + 4r5au_c","officialName":"Riboflavin synthase","geneAssociation":"b0415","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"RBK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + rib__D_c --> adp_c + h_c + r5p_c","officialName":"Ribokinase","geneAssociation":"b3752","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"RBK_L1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + rbl__L_c --> adp_c + h_c + ru5p__L_c","officialName":"L-ribulokinase (L-ribulose)","geneAssociation":"b0063","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"RBP4E","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ru5p__L_c <==> xu5p__D_c","officialName":"L-ribulose-phosphate 4-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b4198 or b3583 or b0061","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"REPHACCOAI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rephaccoa_c <==> 2oxpaccoa_c","officialName":"Ring 1,2-epoxyphenylacetyl-CoA isomerase (oxepin-CoA forming)","geneAssociation":"b1394","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"RFAMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rfamp_e <==> rfamp_p","officialName":"Rifampin transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"RFAMPtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + rfamp_p --> h_c + rfamp_e","officialName":"Rifampin transport via TolC system","geneAssociation":"(b0463 and b0462 and b3035) or (b0463 and b2470 and b3035)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"RHAT1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"kphphhlipa_c + dtdprmn_c --> h_c + dtdp_c + icolipa_c","officialName":"Rhamnosyltransferase I (LPS core biosynthesis)","geneAssociation":"b3629","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"RHCCE","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rhcys_c --> hcys__L_c + dhptd_c","officialName":"S-ribosylhomocysteine cleavage enzyme","geneAssociation":"b2687","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"RIBabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + rib__D_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + rib__D_c","officialName":"D-ribose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b4231 and b4227 and b4485 and b4230) or (b3749 and b3751 and b3750 and b3748) or (b4087 and b4088 and b4086)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"RIBtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rib__D_e <==> rib__D_p","officialName":"Ribose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"RMI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rmn_c <==> rml_c","officialName":"L-rhamnose isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3903","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"RMK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + rml_c --> adp_c + h_c + rml1p_c","officialName":"Rhamnulokinase","geneAssociation":"b3904","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"RMNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rmn_e <==> rmn_p","officialName":"L-rhamnose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0241 or b0929 or b1377","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"RMNtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + rmn_p --> h_c + rmn_c","officialName":"L-rhamnose transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3907","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"RMPA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"rml1p_c <==> dhap_c + lald__L_c","officialName":"Rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase","geneAssociation":"b3902","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"RNDR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adp_c + trdrd_c --> h2o_c + dadp_c + trdox_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (ADP)","geneAssociation":"((b2234 and b2235) and b2582) or ((b2234 and b2235) and b3781)","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNDR1b","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adp_c + grxrd_c --> h2o_c + dadp_c + grxox_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (ADP) (glutaredoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b1064 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b3610 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b1654 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b0849 and (b2675 and b2676))","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNDR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gdp_c + trdrd_c --> h2o_c + dgdp_c + trdox_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (GDP)","geneAssociation":"((b2234 and b2235) and b3781) or ((b2234 and b2235) and b2582)","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNDR2b","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gdp_c + grxrd_c --> h2o_c + dgdp_c + grxox_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (GDP) (glutaredoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b0849 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b3610 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b1064 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b1654 and (b2675 and b2676))","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNDR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cdp_c + trdrd_c --> h2o_c + dcdp_c + trdox_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (CDP)","geneAssociation":"((b2234 and b2235) and b3781) or ((b2234 and b2235) and b2582)","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNDR3b","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cdp_c + grxrd_c --> h2o_c + dcdp_c + grxox_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (CDP) (glutaredoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b0849 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b3610 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b1654 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b1064 and (b2675 and b2676))","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNDR4","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udp_c + trdrd_c --> h2o_c + trdox_c + dudp_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (UDP)","geneAssociation":"((b2234 and b2235) and b3781) or ((b2234 and b2235) and b2582)","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNDR4b","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udp_c + grxrd_c --> h2o_c + grxox_c + dudp_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (UDP) (glutaredoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b0849 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b1064 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b3610 and (b2675 and b2676)) or (b1654 and (b2675 and b2676))","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNTR1c2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + (2) h_c + (2) flxr_c --> h2o_c + datp_c + (2) flxso_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (ATP) (flavodoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b0684 and b3924 and b4238 and b4237) or (b2895 and b3924 and b4238 and b4237) or (b0684 and b4238) or (b2895 and b4238)","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNTR2c2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + gtp_c + (2) flxr_c --> h2o_c + dgtp_c + (2) flxso_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (GTP) (flavodoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b0684 and b3924 and b4238 and b4237) or (b2895 and b3924 and b4238 and b4237) or (b0684 and b4238) or (b2895 and b4238)","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNTR3c2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + ctp_c + (2) flxr_c --> h2o_c + dctp_c + (2) flxso_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (CTP) (flavodoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b0684 and b3924 and b4238 and b4237) or (b2895 and b3924 and b4238 and b4237) or (b0684 and b4238) or (b2895 and b4238)","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RNTR4c2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + utp_c + (2) flxr_c --> h2o_c + dutp_c + (2) flxso_c","officialName":"Ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (UTP) (flavodoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b0684 and b3924 and b4238 and b4237) or (b2895 and b3924 and b4238 and b4237) or (b0684 and b4238) or (b2895 and b4238)","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RPE","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ru5p__D_c <==> xu5p__D_c","officialName":"Ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b4301 or b3386","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RPI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"r5p_c <==> ru5p__D_c","officialName":"Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase","geneAssociation":"b2914 or b4090","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"RZ5PP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + 5prdmbz_c --> pi_c + rdmbzi_c","officialName":"Alpha-ribazole 5-phosphate phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0638","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"S2FE2SR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + 2fe1s_c + sufbcd_c + sufsesh_c --> adp_c + (5) h_c + pi_c + sufbcd_2fe2s_c + sufse_c","officialName":"SUF [2Fe-2S] regeneration","geneAssociation":"b1683 and b1682 and b1681 and b1679 and b1680","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"S2FE2SS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + fadh2_c + (2) fe2_c + sufbcd_c + (2) sufsesh_c --> adp_c + (7) h_c + pi_c + fad_c + sufbcd_2fe2s_c + (2) sufse_c","officialName":"SUF [2Fe-2S] Synthesis","geneAssociation":"b3807 and b1683 and b1682 and b1681 and b1679 and b1680","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"S2FE2SS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + fadh2_c + (2) fe2_c + sufbcd_2fe2s_c + (2) sufsesh_c --> adp_c + (7) h_c + pi_c + fad_c + (2) sufse_c + sufbcd_2fe2s2_c","officialName":"SUF [2Fe-2S] Synthesis II","geneAssociation":"b3807 and b1683 and b1682 and b1681 and b1679 and b1680","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"S2FE2ST","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + sufbcd_2fe2s_c --> 2fe2s_c + sufbcd_c","officialName":"SUF [2Fe-2S] Transfer","geneAssociation":"b1684 and b1683 and b1682 and b1681","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"S4FE4SR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + fadh2_c + sufbcd_2fe2s2_c --> fad_c + sufbcd_4fe4s_c","officialName":"SUF [4Fe-4S] Reduction","geneAssociation":"b1683 and b1682 and b1681","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"S4FE4ST","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + sufbcd_4fe4s_c --> 4fe4s_c + sufbcd_c","officialName":"SUF [4Fe-4S] Transfer","geneAssociation":"b1684 and b1683 and b1682 and b1681","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"S7PI","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"s7p_c --> gmhep7p_c","officialName":"Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate isomerase","geneAssociation":"b0222","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"SADH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h2o_c + (2) h_c + sucarg_c --> (2) nh4_c + co2_c + sucorn_c","officialName":"Succinylarginine dihydrolase","geneAssociation":"b1745","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SADT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + gtp_c + so4_c --> pi_c + ppi_c + gdp_c + aps_c","officialName":"Sulfate adenyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2751 and b2752","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SARCOX","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + o2_c + sarcs_c --> h2o2_c + gly_c + fald_c","officialName":"Sarcosine oxidase","geneAssociation":"b1059","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SBTPD","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + sbt6p_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + f6p_c","officialName":"Sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2705","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SBTptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + sbt__D_p --> pyr_c + sbt6p_c","officialName":"D-sorbitol transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2415 and b2416 and b2702 and b2704 and b2703","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SBTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"sbt__D_e <==> sbt__D_p","officialName":"D-sorbitol transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SCYSDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cys__L_c + sufse_c --> ala__L_c + sufsesh_c","officialName":"SUF Cysteine desulfuration","geneAssociation":"b1679 and b1680","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SDPDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + sl26da_c --> succ_c + 26dap_LL_c","officialName":"Succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase","geneAssociation":"b2472","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SDPTA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + sl26da_c <==> glu__L_c + sl2a6o_c","officialName":"Succinyldiaminopimelate transaminase","geneAssociation":"b3359","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SELCYSS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"selnp_c + sertrna_sec_c --> h_c + pi_c + sectrna_c","officialName":"Selenocysteine synthase","geneAssociation":"b3591","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"SELGTHR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + (4) gthrd_c + slnt_c --> (3) h2o_c + gthox_c + dgslnt_c","officialName":"Selenate glutathione reductase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SELGTHR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + dgslnt_c --> nadp_c + gthrd_c + gslnt_c","officialName":"Selenate glutathione reductase II","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SELGTHR3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadph_c + gslnt_c --> nadp_c + gthrd_c + seln_c","officialName":"Selenate glutathione reductase III","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SELNPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + seln_c --> pi_c + amp_c + selnp_c","officialName":"Selenophosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b1764","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"SELR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mql8_c + sel_c --> h2o_c + mqn8_c + slnt_c","officialName":"Selenate reductase","geneAssociation":"b1587 and b1588 and b1589 and b1590","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SELtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"sel_e <==> sel_p","officialName":"Selenate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b0929 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SELtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + sel_p --> (2) h_c + sel_c","officialName":"Selenate transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2422 and b2425 and b2424 and b2423","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SEPHCHCS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + akg_c + ichor_c --> co2_c + 2sephchc_c","officialName":"2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2264","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SERASr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + ser__L_c <==> ppi_c + seramp_c","officialName":"(L-seryl)adenylate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0586","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SERAT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + ser__L_c <==> coa_c + acser_c","officialName":"Serine O-acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3607","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SERD_D","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__D_c --> nh4_c + pyr_c","officialName":"D-serine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b2366","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SERD_L","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c --> nh4_c + pyr_c","officialName":"L-serine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b4471 or b1814 or b2797 or b3708","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SERTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ser__L_c + trnaser_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + sertrna_c","officialName":"Seryl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0893","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"SERTRS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ser__L_c + trnasecys_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + sertrna_sec_c","officialName":"Seryl-tRNA synthetase (selenocystein)","geneAssociation":"b0893","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"SERt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ser__L_p <==> h_c + ser__L_c","officialName":"L-serine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2796 or b3116","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SERt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + ser__L_p --> na1_c + ser__L_c","officialName":"L-serine via sodium symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3089","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SERtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_e <==> ser__L_p","officialName":"L-serine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SFGTHi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + Sfglutth_c --> h_c + for_c + gthrd_c","officialName":"S-Formylglutathione hydralase","geneAssociation":"b2154 or b0355","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SGDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + sucglu_c --> glu__L_c + succ_c","officialName":"Succinylglutamate desuccinylase","geneAssociation":"b1744","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SGSAD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + sucgsa_c --> (2) h_c + nadh_c + sucglu_c","officialName":"Succinylglutamic semialdehyde dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1746","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SHCHCS3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2sephchc_c --> pyr_c + 2shchc_c","officialName":"2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene 1-carboxylate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2263","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SHCHD2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + dscl_c --> h_c + nadh_c + scl_c","officialName":"Sirohydrochlorin dehydrogenase (NAD)","geneAssociation":"b3368","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SHCHF","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"fe2_c + scl_c --> (3) h_c + sheme_c","officialName":"Sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase","geneAssociation":"b3368","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SHK3Dr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + 3dhsk_c <==> nadp_c + skm_c","officialName":"Shikimate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b1692 or b3281","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SHKK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + skm_c --> adp_c + h_c + skm5p_c","officialName":"Shikimate kinase","geneAssociation":"b3390 or b0388","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SHSL1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"cys__L_c + suchms_c --> h_c + succ_c + cyst__L_c","officialName":"O-succinylhomoserine lyase (L-cysteine)","geneAssociation":"b3939","subsystem":"Methionine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SKMt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + skm_p --> h_c + skm_c","officialName":"Shikimate transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1981","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SKMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"skm_e <==> skm_p","officialName":"Shikimate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SLNTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"slnt_e <==> slnt_p","officialName":"Selenite transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b0929 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SLNTtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + slnt_p --> h_c + slnt_c","officialName":"Selenite transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2422 and b2425 and b2424 and b2423","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SO2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"so2_e <==> so2_p","officialName":"SO2 transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SO2tpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"so2_p <==> so2_c","officialName":"SO2 transport via diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"s0001","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SO3tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"so3_e <==> so3_p","officialName":"Sulfite transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SO4t2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + so4_p --> h_c + so4_c","officialName":"Sulfate transport in via proton symport (periplasm to cytoplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1206","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SO4tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"so4_e <==> so4_p","officialName":"Sulfate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SOTA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + sucorn_c --> glu__L_c + sucgsa_c","officialName":"Succinylornithine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b1748","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SPMDAT1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + spmd_c --> h_c + coa_c + N1aspmd_c","officialName":"Spermidine acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1584","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SPMDAT2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + spmd_c --> h_c + coa_c + n8aspmd_c","officialName":"Spermidine acetyltransferase (N8)","geneAssociation":"b1584","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SPMDabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + spmd_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + spmd_c","officialName":"Spermidine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b1126 and b1125 and b1124 and b1123) or (b1440 and b1441 and b1442 and b1443)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SPMDt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + spmd_c --> h_c + spmd_p","officialName":"Spermidine transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1599 and b1600","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SPMDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"spmd_e <==> spmd_p","officialName":"Spermidine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SPMS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ametam_c + ptrc_c --> h_c + 5mta_c + spmd_c","officialName":"Spermidine synthase","geneAssociation":"b0121","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SPODM","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + (2) o2s_c --> o2_c + h2o2_c","officialName":"Superoxide dismutase","geneAssociation":"b3908 or b1656","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"SPODMpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + (2) o2s_p --> h2o2_p + o2_p","officialName":"Superoxide dismutase","geneAssociation":"b1646","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"SSALx","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + sucsal_c --> (2) h_c + nadh_c + succ_c","officialName":"Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD)","geneAssociation":"b1525","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SSALy","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nadp_c + sucsal_c --> (2) h_c + nadph_c + succ_c","officialName":"Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NADP)","geneAssociation":"b2661 or b1525","subsystem":"Arginine and Proline Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCASPtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"asp__L_p + succ_c --> asp__L_c + succ_p","officialName":"Succinate:aspartate antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4138 or b4123 or b0621","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCBZL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + coa_c + sucbz_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + sbzcoa_c","officialName":"O-succinylbenzoate-CoA ligase","geneAssociation":"b2260","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCBZS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"2shchc_c --> h2o_c + sucbz_c","officialName":"O-succinylbenzoate-CoA synthase","geneAssociation":"b2261","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCCt2_2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + succ_p --> (2) h_c + succ_c","officialName":"Succinate transport via proton symport (2 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3528","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCCt2_3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_p + succ_p --> (3) h_c + succ_c","officialName":"Succintate transport via proton symport (3 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4123 or b4138","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCCt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + succ_c --> h_c + succ_p","officialName":"Succinate transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCCtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succ_e <==> succ_p","officialName":"Succinate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCDi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"q8_c + succ_c --> fum_c + q8h2_c","officialName":"Succinate dehydrogenase (irreversible)","geneAssociation":"b0721 and b0722 and b0723 and b0724","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCFUMtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succ_c + fum_p --> fum_c + succ_p","officialName":"Succinate:fumarate antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4123 or b0621 or b4138","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCMALtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succ_c + mal__L_p --> succ_p + mal__L_c","officialName":"Succinate:malate antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4138 or b4123 or b0621","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCOAS","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + coa_c + succ_c <==> adp_c + pi_c + succoa_c","officialName":"Succinyl-CoA synthetase (ADP-forming)","geneAssociation":"b0728 and b0729","subsystem":"Citric Acid Cycle"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCRtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"sucr_e <==> sucr_p","officialName":"Sucrose transport transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCTARTtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":0,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succ_c + tartr__D_p --> succ_p + tartr__D_c","officialName":"Succinate:D-tartrate antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4123","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SUCptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + sucr_p --> pyr_c + suc6p_c","officialName":"Sucrose transport via PEP:Pyr  (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2417 and b2429 and b2415 and b2416","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SULFACabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + sulfac_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + sulfac_c","officialName":"Sulfoacetate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0936 and b0933 and b0934","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"SULFACtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"sulfac_e <==> sulfac_p","officialName":"Sulfoaceate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"SULR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(5) h_c + (3) nadph_c + so3_c --> (3) h2o_c + (3) nadp_c + h2s_c","officialName":"Sulfite reductase (NADPH2)","geneAssociation":"b2763 and b2764","subsystem":"Cysteine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"SULabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + so4_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + so4_c","officialName":"Sulfate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b2422 and b2425 and b2424 and b2423) or (b0763 and b0764 and b0765) or (b2422 and b2424 and b2423 and b3917)","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"T2DECAI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tdec2eACP_c <==> cdec3eACP_c","officialName":"Trans-2-decenoyl-ACP isomerase","geneAssociation":"b0954","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TAGURr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + altrn_c <==> h_c + nadh_c + tagur_c","officialName":"Tagaturonate reductase","geneAssociation":"b1521","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TALA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g3p_c + s7p_c <==> f6p_c + e4p_c","officialName":"Transaldolase","geneAssociation":"b2464 or b0008","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"TARTD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tartr__L_c --> h2o_c + oaa_c","officialName":"L(+)-tartrate dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b3061 and b3062","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TARTRDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tartr__D_e <==> tartr__D_p","officialName":"D-tartrate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TARTRt7pp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"succ_c + tartr__L_p <==> succ_p + tartr__L_c","officialName":"Tartrate/succinate antiporter (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3063","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TARTRtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tartr__L_e <==> tartr__L_p","officialName":"Tartrate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TARTt2_3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(3) h_p + tartr__D_p --> (3) h_c + tartr__D_c","officialName":"D-tartrate transport via proton symport (3 H) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4123","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TAUDO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"o2_c + akg_c + taur_c --> h_c + co2_c + succ_c + so3_c + aacald_c","officialName":"Taurine dioxygenase","geneAssociation":"b0368","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TAURabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + taur_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + taur_c","officialName":"Taurine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0365 and b0366 and b0367","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TAURtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"taur_e <==> taur_p","officialName":"Taurine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TCYNTtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tcynt_e <==> tcynt_p","officialName":"Thiocyanate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + thmpp_c --> h_c + pi_c + thmmp_c","officialName":"Thiamin pyrophosphatase","geneAssociation":"b1134","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TDPADGAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"accoa_c + dtdp4addg_c --> h_c + coa_c + dtdp4aaddg_c","officialName":"DTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose acetyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3790","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TDPAGTA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu__L_c + dtdp4d6dg_c --> akg_c + dtdp4addg_c","officialName":"DTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose transaminase","geneAssociation":"b3791","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TDPDRE","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dtdp4d6dg_c --> dtdp4d6dm_c","officialName":"DTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b2038","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TDPDRR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + dtdp4d6dm_c --> nadp_c + dtdprmn_c","officialName":"DTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase","geneAssociation":"b2040","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TDPGDH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dtdpglu_c --> h2o_c + dtdp4d6dg_c","officialName":"DTDPglucose 4,6-dehydratase","geneAssociation":"b3788 or b2041","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TDSK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + lipidAds_c --> adp_c + h_c + lipidA_c","officialName":"Tetraacyldisaccharide 4'kinase","geneAssociation":"b0915","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"TDSR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dsbcox_p + dsbdrd_c --> dsbcrd_p + dsbdox_c","officialName":"Thiol:disulfide reductase (DsbC)","geneAssociation":"b2893 and b4136","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TDSR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dsbdrd_c + dsbgox_p --> dsbdox_c + dsbgrd_p","officialName":"Thiol:disulfide reductase (DsbG)","geneAssociation":"b4136 and b0604","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TGBPA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tagdp__D_c <==> g3p_c + dhap_c","officialName":"Tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase","geneAssociation":"(b3132 and b3137) or (b2095 and b2096)","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"THD2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_p + nadh_c + nadp_c --> (2) h_c + nad_c + nadph_c","officialName":"NAD(P) transhydrogenase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1602 and b1603","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"THDPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + succoa_c + thdp_c --> coa_c + sl2a6o_c","officialName":"Tetrahydrodipicolinate succinylase","geneAssociation":"b0166","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"THFAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + methf_c --> h_c + 5fthf_c","officialName":"Tetrahydrofolate aminomethyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2551","subsystem":"Folate Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"THIORDXi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o2_c + trdrd_c --> (2) h2o_c + trdox_c","officialName":"Hydrogen peroxide reductase (thioredoxin)","geneAssociation":"(b2480 and b3781) or (b2480 and b2582) or b1710","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"THMDt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + thymd_p --> h_c + thymd_c","officialName":"Thymidine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2393 or b2964","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"THMDt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + thymd_p <==> h_c + thymd_c","officialName":"Thymidine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2406","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"THMDtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thymd_e <==> thymd_p","officialName":"Thymidine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"THMabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + thm_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + thm_c","officialName":"Thiamine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0068 and b0067 and b0066","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"THMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thm_e <==> thm_p","officialName":"Thiamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"THRA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thr__L_c --> acald_c + gly_c","officialName":"Threonine aldolase","geneAssociation":"b2551 or b0870","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"THRA2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"athr__L_c --> acald_c + gly_c","officialName":"L-allo-Threonine Aldolase","geneAssociation":"b2551 or b0870","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"THRD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + thr__L_c --> h_c + nadh_c + 2aobut_c","officialName":"L-threonine dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b3616","subsystem":"Glycine and Serine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"THRD_L","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thr__L_c --> nh4_c + 2obut_c","officialName":"L-threonine deaminase","geneAssociation":"b3117 or b3772","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"THRPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thrp_e <==> thrp_p","officialName":"Phospho-L-threonine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"THRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + phom_c --> pi_c + thr__L_c","officialName":"Threonine synthase","geneAssociation":"b0004","subsystem":"Threonine and Lysine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"THRTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + thr__L_c + trnathr_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + thrtrna_c","officialName":"Threonyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b1719","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"THRabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + thr__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + thr__L_c","officialName":"L-threonine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3454 and b3455 and b3457 and b3460 and b3456","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"THRt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + thr__L_c --> h_c + thr__L_p","officialName":"L-threonine efflux transport via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0813 or b3823","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"THRt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + thr__L_p <==> h_c + thr__L_c","officialName":"L-threonine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3116","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"THRt4pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"na1_p + thr__L_p --> na1_c + thr__L_c","officialName":"L-threonine  via sodium symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3089","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"THRtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thr__L_e <==> thr__L_p","officialName":"L-threonine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"THYMt3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + thym_c --> h_c + thym_p","officialName":"Thymine transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"THYMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"thym_e <==> thym_p","officialName":"Thymine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0929 or b1377 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"THZPSN3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h_c + nadph_c + dxyl5p_c + iscssh_c + dhgly_c --> (2) h2o_c + amp_c + ppi_c + nadp_c + co2_c + 4mpetz_c + iscs_c","officialName":"Thiazole phosphate synthesis","geneAssociation":"b2530 and b3992 and b3990 and b0423 and b4407","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TKT1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"r5p_c + xu5p__D_c <==> g3p_c + s7p_c","officialName":"Transketolase","geneAssociation":"b2935 or b2465","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"TKT2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"e4p_c + xu5p__D_c <==> f6p_c + g3p_c","officialName":"Transketolase","geneAssociation":"b2935 or b2465","subsystem":"Pentose Phosphate Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"TMAOR1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + mql8_c + tmao_c --> h2o_c + mqn8_c + tma_c","officialName":"Trimethylamine N-oxide reductase (menaquinol 8)","geneAssociation":"(b0894 and b0895 and b0896) or (b1587 and b1588 and b1589 and b1590)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"TMAOR1pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + mql8_c + tmao_p --> h2o_p + mqn8_c + tma_p","officialName":"Trimethylamine N-oxide reductase (menaquinol 8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0996 and b0997) or (b1872 and b1873)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"TMAOR2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 2dmmql8_c + tmao_c --> h2o_c + 2dmmq8_c + tma_c","officialName":"Trimethylamine N-oxide reductase (demethylmenaquinol 8)","geneAssociation":"b0894 and b0895 and b0896","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"TMAOR2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + 2dmmql8_c + tmao_p --> h2o_p + 2dmmq8_c + tma_p","officialName":"Trimethylamine N-oxide reductase (demethylmenaquinol 8) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b0996 and b0997) or (b1872 and b1873)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"TMAOtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tmao_e <==> tmao_p","officialName":"Trimethylamine N-oxide transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TMAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tma_e <==> tma_p","officialName":"Trimethylamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TMDK1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + thymd_c --> adp_c + h_c + dtmp_c","officialName":"Thymidine kinase (ATP:thymidine)","geneAssociation":"b1238","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"TMDPP","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pi_c + thymd_c <==> 2dr1p_c + thym_c","officialName":"Thymidine phosphorylase","geneAssociation":"b4382","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"TMDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"mlthf_c + dump_c --> dhf_c + dtmp_c","officialName":"Thymidylate synthase","geneAssociation":"b2827","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"TMK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + thm_c --> adp_c + h_c + thmmp_c","officialName":"Thiamine kinase","geneAssociation":"b1106","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TMPK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + thmmp_c --> adp_c + thmpp_c","officialName":"Thiamine-phosphate kinase","geneAssociation":"b0417","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TMPPP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + 2mahmp_c + 4mpetz_c --> ppi_c + thmmp_c","officialName":"Thiamine-phosphate diphosphorylase","geneAssociation":"b3993","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TPI","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"dhap_c <==> g3p_c","officialName":"Triose-phosphate isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3919","subsystem":"Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TPRDCOAS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + dpcoa_c --> ade_c + 2tpr3dpcoa_c","officialName":"Triphosphoribosyl-dephospho-CoA synthase","geneAssociation":"b0613","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TRDR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + trdox_c --> nadp_c + trdrd_c","officialName":"Thioredoxin reductase (NADPH)","geneAssociation":"(b3781 and b0888) or (b0888 and b2582)","subsystem":"Oxidative Phosphorylation"}
{"abbreviation":"TRE6PH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + tre6p_c --> g6p_c + glc__D_c","officialName":"Trehalose-6-phosphate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b4239","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TRE6PP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + tre6p_c --> pi_c + tre_c","officialName":"Trehalose-phosphatase","geneAssociation":"b1897","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TRE6PS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"g6p_c + udpg_c --> h_c + udp_c + tre6p_c","officialName":"Alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming)","geneAssociation":"b1896","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TREH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + tre_c --> (2) glc__D_c","officialName":"Alpha,alpha-trehalase","geneAssociation":"b3519","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TREHpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + tre_p --> (2) glc__D_p","officialName":"Alpha,alpha-trehalase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1197","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TREptspp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"pep_c + tre_p --> pyr_c + tre6p_c","officialName":"Trehalose transport via PEP:Pyr PTS (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2417 and b2415 and b2416 and b4240","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TREtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tre_e <==> tre_p","officialName":"Trehalose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TRPAS2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + trp__L_c <==> nh4_c + pyr_c + indole_c","officialName":"Tryptophanase (L-tryptophan)","geneAssociation":"b3708","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TRPS1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + 3ig3p_c --> h2o_c + trp__L_c + g3p_c","officialName":"Tryptophan synthase (indoleglycerol phosphate)","geneAssociation":"b1260 and b1261","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TRPS2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ser__L_c + indole_c --> h2o_c + trp__L_c","officialName":"Tryptophan synthase (indole)","geneAssociation":"b1260 and b1261","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TRPS3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3ig3p_c --> g3p_c + indole_c","officialName":"Tryptophan synthase (indoleglycerol phosphate)","geneAssociation":"b1260 and b1261","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TRPTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + trp__L_c + trnatrp_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + trptrna_c","officialName":"Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b3384","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"TRPt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + trp__L_p <==> h_c + trp__L_c","officialName":"L-tryptophan reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3161 or b3709 or b1473 or b0112","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TRPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"trp__L_e <==> trp__L_p","officialName":"L-tryptophan transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TRSARr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadh_c + 2h3oppan_c <==> nad_c + glyc__R_c","officialName":"Tartronate semialdehyde reductase","geneAssociation":"b0509 or b3125","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TSULabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + tsul_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + tsul_c","officialName":"Thiosulfate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"(b2422 and b2425 and b2424 and b2423) or (b2422 and b2424 and b2423 and b3917)","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TSULtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tsul_e <==> tsul_p","officialName":"Thiosulfate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TTDCAtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ttdca_e --> ttdca_p","officialName":"Tetradecanoate transport via facilitated irreversible diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2344","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TTDCEAtexi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ttdcea_e --> ttdcea_p","officialName":"Tetradecenoate transport via facilitated irreversible diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2344","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TTRCYCtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ttrcyc_e <==> ttrcyc_p","officialName":"Tetracycline transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1377 or b2215 or b0929 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TTRCYCtpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ttrcyc_p --> h_c + ttrcyc_e","officialName":"Tetracycline transport via TolC system","geneAssociation":"(b0463 and b0462 and b3035) or (b0463 and b2470 and b3035)","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TUNGSabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + tungs_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + tungs_c","officialName":"Tungstate transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0763 and b0764 and b0765","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TUNGStex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tungs_e <==> tungs_p","officialName":"Tungstate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b1377 or b0241 or b0929","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TYMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tym_e <==> tym_p","officialName":"Tyramine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TYRL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nadph_c + amet_c + tyr__L_c --> h_c + nadp_c + dad_5_c + met__L_c + 4crsol_c + dhgly_c","officialName":"Tyrosine lyase","geneAssociation":"b3991","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"TYROXDApp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + o2_p + tym_p --> h2o2_p + nh4_p + 4hoxpacd_p","officialName":"Tyramine:oxygen oxidoreductase(deaminating)(flavin-containing) (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1386","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TYRPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + tyrp_p --> pi_p + tyr__L_p","officialName":"Phospho-L-tyrosine phosphatase (periplasmic)","geneAssociation":"b4055","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TYRPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tyrp_e <==> tyrp_p","officialName":"Phopho-L-tyrosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2215 or b0241 or b0929 or b1377","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"TYRTA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + tyr__L_c <==> glu__L_c + 34hpp_c","officialName":"Tyrosine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b4054 or b0928","subsystem":"Tyrosine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"TYRTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + tyr__L_c + trnatyr_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + tyrtrna_c","officialName":"Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b1637","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"TYRt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + tyr__L_p <==> h_c + tyr__L_c","officialName":"L-tyrosine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1473 or b1907 or b0112 or b0576","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"TYRtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"tyr__L_e <==> tyr__L_p","officialName":"L-tyrosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ThDPAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"adp_c + h_c + thmpp_c --> pi_c + athtp_c","officialName":"ThDP adenylyl transferase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"U23GAAT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hmrsACP_c + u3hga_c --> h_c + ACP_c + u23ga_c","officialName":"UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine acyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0179","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UAAGDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + 26dap__M_c + uamag_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ugmd_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0085","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UACGALPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + udpacgal_p --> (2) h_p + acgal1p_p + ump_p","officialName":"UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine pyrophosphohydrolase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0480","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UACGAMPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + uacgam_p --> (2) h_p + acgam1p_p + ump_p","officialName":"UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine pyrophosphohydrolase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0480","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UACGAMtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uacgam_e <==> uacgam_p","officialName":"UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"UACMAMO","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + (2) nad_c + uacmam_c --> (3) h_c + (2) nadh_c + uacmamu_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine oxidoreductase","geneAssociation":"b3787","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UAG2E","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uacgam_c <==> uacmam_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b3786","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UAGAAT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"3hmrsACP_c + uacgam_c <==> ACP_c + u3aga_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b1094 and b0181","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UAGCVT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uacgam_c + pep_c --> pi_c + uaccg_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3189","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UAGDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + utp_c + acgam1p_c --> ppi_c + uacgam_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylglucosamine diphosphorylase","geneAssociation":"b3730","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UAGPT3","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uacgam_c + uagmda_c --> h_c + udp_c + uaagmda_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-acetylglucosamine transferase","geneAssociation":"b0090","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UAMAGS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + glu__D_c + uama_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + uamag_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0088","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UAMAS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ala__L_c + uamr_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + uama_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0091","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UAPGR","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_c + nadph_c + uaccg_c --> nadp_c + uamr_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase","geneAssociation":"b3972","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UDCPDP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + udcpdp_c --> h_c + pi_c + udcpp_c","officialName":"Undecaprenyl-diphosphatase","geneAssociation":"b0841 or b1278 or b3057","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UDCPDPS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(8) ipdp_c + frdp_c --> (8) ppi_c + udcpdp_c","officialName":"Undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase","geneAssociation":"b0174","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UDCPDPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + udcpdp_p --> h_p + pi_p + udcpp_p","officialName":"Undecaprenyl-diphosphatase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1278 or b3057 or b0841","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UDCPPtppi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udcpp_p --> udcpp_c","officialName":"Undecaprenyl phosphate transport (cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPACGALtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpacgal_e <==> udpacgal_p","officialName":"UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPG4E","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpg_c <==> udpgal_c","officialName":"UDPglucose 4-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b0759","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPGALM","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpgal_c --> udpgalfur_c","officialName":"UDPgalactopyranose mutase","geneAssociation":"b2036","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPGALPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + udpgal_p --> (2) h_p + gal1p_p + ump_p","officialName":"UDPgalactose pyrophosphohydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0480","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPGALtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpgal_e <==> udpgal_p","officialName":"UDPgalactose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPGD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + (2) nad_c + udpg_c --> (3) h_c + (2) nadh_c + udpglcur_c","officialName":"UDPglucose 6-dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2028","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPGDC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + udpglcur_c --> nadh_c + co2_c + udpLa4o_c","officialName":"UDP-glucuronate C-4'' decarboxylase","geneAssociation":"b2255","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPGLCURtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpglcur_e <==> udpglcur_p","officialName":"UDP-D-glucuronate transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPGPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + udpg_p --> (2) h_p + g1p_p + ump_p","officialName":"UDPglucose pyrophosphohydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0480","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPGtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udpg_e <==> udpg_p","officialName":"UDPglucose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"UDPKAAT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glu__L_c + udpLa4o_c <==> akg_c + udpLa4n_c","officialName":"UDP-4''-ketopentose:UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose aminotransferase","geneAssociation":"b2253","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UGLCURPpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_p + udpglcur_p --> (2) h_p + glcur1p_p + ump_p","officialName":"UDP-D-glucuronate pyrophosphohydrolase (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0480","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UGLT","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gal1p_c + udpg_c <==> g1p_c + udpgal_c","officialName":"UDPglucose--hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0758","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UGLYCH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + (2) h_c + urdglyc_c --> (2) nh4_c + co2_c + glx_c","officialName":"Ureidoglycolate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0505","subsystem":"Nitrogen Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UGMDDS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + alaala_c + ugmd_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ugmda_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine synthetase","geneAssociation":"b0086","subsystem":"Cell Envelope Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UHGADA","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + u3aga_c --> ac_c + u3hga_c","officialName":"UDP-3-O-acetylglucosamine deacetylase","geneAssociation":"b0096","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ULA4NFT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"10fthf_c + udpLa4n_c --> h_c + thf_c + udpLa4fn_c","officialName":"UDP-L-Ara4N formyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2255","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"ULA4Ntppi","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uLa4n_c --> uLa4n_p","officialName":"Transport (cytoplasm to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4544 and b2258","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UM3PL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + LalaDgluMdap_c + uamr_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + ugmd_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylmuramate:L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate ligase","geneAssociation":"b4233","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UM4PCP","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + um4p_c --> ala__D_c + ugmd_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-gamma-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate-D-alanine L,D-carboxypeptidase","geneAssociation":"b1192","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UM4PL","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + LalaDgluMdapDala_c + uamr_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + um4p_c","officialName":"UDP-N-acetylmuramate:L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate-D-alanine ligase","geneAssociation":"b4233","subsystem":"Murein Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UMPK","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + ump_c <==> adp_c + udp_c","officialName":"UMP kinase","geneAssociation":"b0910 or b0171","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"UMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ump_e <==> ump_p","officialName":"UMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0929 or b1377 or b2215 or b0241","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"UPLA4FNF","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + uLa4fn_c --> for_c + uLa4n_c","officialName":"Undecaprenyl phosphate-L-Ara4FN formylase","geneAssociation":"b2256","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UPLA4FNT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"udcpp_c + udpLa4fn_c --> udp_c + uLa4fn_c","officialName":"Undecaprenyl phosphate-L-Ara4FN transferase","geneAssociation":"b2254","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"UPP3MT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) amet_c + uppg3_c --> h_c + (2) ahcys_c + dscl_c","officialName":"Uroporphyrinogen methyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b3803 or b3368","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UPP3S","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"hmbil_c --> h2o_c + uppg3_c","officialName":"Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase","geneAssociation":"b3804","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UPPDC1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(4) h_c + uppg3_c --> (4) co2_c + cpppg3_c","officialName":"Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (uroporphyrinogen III)","geneAssociation":"b3997","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"UPPRT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"prpp_c + ura_c --> ppi_c + ump_c","officialName":"Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b2498","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"URACPAH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + uracp_c --> h_c + cbm_c + poaac_c","officialName":"Peroxyureidoacrylate hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b1011","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"URAt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ura_p --> h_c + ura_c","officialName":"Uracil transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2497","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"URAt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + ura_p <==> h_c + ura_c","officialName":"Uracil transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1006","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"URAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ura_e <==> ura_p","officialName":"Uracil transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"URDGLYCD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"nad_c + urdglyc_c --> h_c + nadh_c + oxur_c","officialName":"Ureidoglycolate dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b0517","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"UREAtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"urea_e <==> urea_p","officialName":"Urea transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"UREAtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"urea_p <==> urea_c","officialName":"Urea transport via facilitate diffusion (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3927","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"URIC","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h2o_c + o2_c + urate_c --> co2_c + h2o2_c + alltn_c","officialName":"Uricase","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Unassigned"}
{"abbreviation":"URIH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + uri_c --> rib__D_c + ura_c","officialName":"Uridine hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b2162 or b0651 or b0030","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"URIK2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"gtp_c + uri_c --> h_c + ump_c + gdp_c","officialName":"Uridine kinase (GTP:Uridine)","geneAssociation":"b2066","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"URIt2pp_copy1","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + uri_p --> h_c + uri_c","officialName":"Uridine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2393 or b2964","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"URIt2pp_copy2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + uri_p <==> h_c + uri_c","officialName":"Uridine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2406","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"URItex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"uri_e <==> uri_p","officialName":"Uridine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0411","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"USHD","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + u23ga_c --> (2) h_c + ump_c + lipidX_c","officialName":"UDP-sugar hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0524","subsystem":"Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis / Recycling"}
{"abbreviation":"VALTA","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"akg_c + val__L_c <==> glu__L_c + 3mob_c","officialName":"Valine transaminase","geneAssociation":"b3770","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"VALTRS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + val__L_c + trnaval_c --> amp_c + ppi_c + valtrna_c","officialName":"Valyl-tRNA synthetase","geneAssociation":"b4258","subsystem":"tRNA Charging"}
{"abbreviation":"VALabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + val__L_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + val__L_c","officialName":"L-valine transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3454 and b3455 and b3457 and b3460 and b3456","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"VALt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + val__L_p <==> h_c + val__L_c","officialName":"L-valine reversible transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0401 or (b2683 and b2682)","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"VALtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"val__L_e <==> val__L_p","officialName":"L-valine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"VPAMTr","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"ala__L_c + 3mob_c <==> pyr_c + val__L_c","officialName":"Valine-pyruvate aminotransferase","geneAssociation":"b3572","subsystem":"Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"WCOS","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"(2) h_c + mptamp_c + tungs_c --> h2o_c + amp_c + cu2_c + wco_c","officialName":"Tungsten pterin cofactor synthase","geneAssociation":"b0827","subsystem":"Cofactor and Prosthetic Group Biosynthesis"}
{"abbreviation":"X5PL3E","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xu5p__L_c --> ru5p__L_c","officialName":"L-xylulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase","geneAssociation":"b4197","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"XAND","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + nad_c + xan_c --> h_c + nadh_c + urate_c","officialName":"Xanthine dehydrogenase","geneAssociation":"b2866 and b2867 and b2868","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"XANt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + xan_p --> h_c + xan_c","officialName":"Xanthine transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3654 or b2882","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"XANtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xan_e <==> xan_p","officialName":"Xanthine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"XANtpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xan_p <==> xan_c","officialName":"Xanthine reversible transport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"XMPtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xmp_e <==> xmp_p","officialName":"XMP transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"XPPT","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"prpp_c + xan_c --> ppi_c + xmp_c","officialName":"Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase","geneAssociation":"b0238","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"XTSNH","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h2o_c + xtsn_c --> rib__D_c + xan_c","officialName":"Xanthosine hydrolase","geneAssociation":"b0030","subsystem":"Nucleotide Salvage Pathway"}
{"abbreviation":"XTSNt2rpp","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + xtsn_p <==> h_c + xtsn_c","officialName":"Xanthosine transport via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b2406","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"XTSNtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xtsn_e <==> xtsn_p","officialName":"Xanthosine transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLI1","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xyl__D_c <==> xylu__D_c","officialName":"Xylose isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3565","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLI2","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"glc__D_c <==> fru_c","officialName":"Xylose isomerase","geneAssociation":"b3565","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLK","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + xylu__D_c --> adp_c + h_c + xu5p__D_c","officialName":"Xylulokinase","geneAssociation":"b0063 or b3564","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLK2","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + xylu__L_c --> adp_c + h_c + xu5p__L_c","officialName":"L-xylulokinase","geneAssociation":"b0063 or b3580","subsystem":"Alternate Carbon Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLUt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + xylu__L_p --> h_c + xylu__L_c","officialName":"L-xylulose transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3577 and b3578 and b3579","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLUtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xylu__L_e <==> xylu__L_p","officialName":"L-xylulose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + xyl__D_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + xyl__D_c","officialName":"D-xylose transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3566 and b3567 and b3568","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLt2pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + xyl__D_p --> h_c + xyl__D_c","officialName":"D-xylose transport in via proton symport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b4031","subsystem":"Transport, Inner Membrane"}
{"abbreviation":"XYLtex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"xyl__D_e <==> xyl__D_p","officialName":"D-xylose transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}
{"abbreviation":"ZN2abcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + zn2_c --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + zn2_p","officialName":"Zinc (Zn+2) ABC transporter, efflux (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3469","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ZN2t3pp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"h_p + zn2_c --> h_c + zn2_p","officialName":"Zinc (Zn+2) transport out via proton antiport (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b3915 or b0752","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ZN2tpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"zn2_p --> zn2_c","officialName":"Zinc transport in via permease (no H+)","geneAssociation":"b3040","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"ZNabcpp","lowbnd":0,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"atp_c + h2o_c + zn2_p --> adp_c + h_c + pi_c + zn2_c","officialName":"Zinc (Zn+2) transport via ABC system (periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b1857 and b1859 and b1858","subsystem":"Inorganic Ion Transport and Metabolism"}
{"abbreviation":"Zn2tex","lowbnd":-1000,"uppbnd":1000,"obj_coef":0,"equation":"zn2_e <==> zn2_p","officialName":"Zinc (Zn+2) transport via diffusion (extracellular to periplasm)","geneAssociation":"b0241 or b0929 or b1377 or b2215","subsystem":"Transport, Outer Membrane Porin"}